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  • Articles: DFG German National Licenses  (14)
  • 2000-2004  (13)
  • 1935-1939  (1)
  • 1
    ISSN: 1089-7674
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Measuring plasma wave properties with spatially separated antennae observes wavelength, propagation speed, and direction as well as frequency. This approach has been pivotal to progress in understanding three phenomena in space plasmas. The first is lower hybrid solitary waves, which are waves with cylindrical symmetry propagating inside a density cavity. The second is electron phase-space holes, which are propagating vortices in phase space. The third is called broadband ELF (extra low frequency) electric fields and is an important but poorly understood wave process essential to transverse ion acceleration. © 2000 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Woodbury, NY : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Applied Physics Letters 76 (2000), S. 1470-1472 
    ISSN: 1077-3118
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Atomic resolution by noncontact atomic force microscopy with a self-sensing piezoelectric force sensor is presented. The sensor has a stiffness of 1800 N/m and is operated with sub-nanometer amplitudes, allowing atomic resolution with relatively bluntly etched tungsten tips. Sensitivity and noise are discussed. © 2000 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 3
    ISSN: 1600-0625
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract:  Ultraviolet (UV) light is an effective treatment for skin disorders like psoriasis in which the cutaneous neurosensory system may have a pathogenic role. In this study, we examined the possibility that UV modulation of the cutaneous neurosensory system and calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP) may contribute to local immunosuppression mediated by repeated subinflammatory UV irradiation. Our results indicated that exposure of hairless mice to subinflammatory UV three times weekly for 4 weeks significantly increased the number of epidermal nerve fibers (ENFs) immunoreactive for CGRP without altering the total number of ENFs. The skin content of CGRP as measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay was also significantly increased after exposure to this dose of UV. These effects were most apparent 1 day after the last UV exposure and declined 1 week after UV. The role of CGRP in UV-induced immunosuppression of contact hypersensitivity was then examined. Our results indicated that UV suppression of epicutaneous 2,4-dinitro-1-fluorobenzene (DNFB) sensitization could be significantly inhibited by a systemically administered CGRP receptor antagonist. A broad-spectrum sunscreen applied before UV exposure inhibited increased cutaneous CGRP and blocked immunosuppression. These findings support a role for CGRP in the local immunosuppression caused by chronic, repeated subinflammatory UV exposure.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Oxford UK : Blackwell Science Ltd
    Pediatric anesthesia 10 (2000), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1460-9592
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    [s.l.] : Macmillan Magazines Ltd.
    Nature 407 (2000), S. 694-694 
    ISSN: 1476-4687
    Source: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Notes: [Auszug] Huisman and Weissing reply How can we explain the biodiversity of rainforests and coral reefs if we do not understand the species diversity of phytoplankton in a droplet of water? In our attempt to solve the plankton paradox, we showed that multispecies competition may ...
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Copenhagen : Munksgaard International Publishers
    Allergy 55 (2000), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1398-9995
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Mathematische Annalen 110 (1935), S. 722-725 
    ISSN: 1432-1807
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mathematics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Applied intelligence 12 (2000), S. 7-13 
    ISSN: 1573-7497
    Keywords: neural networks ; rule extraction ; knowledge representation ; structured knowledge ; connectionism ; hybrid systems
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Computer Science
    Notes: Abstract As the second part of a special issue on “Neural Networks and Structured Knowledge,” the contributions collected here concentrate on the extraction of knowledge, particularly in the form of rules, from neural networks, and on applications relying on the representation and processing of structured knowledge by neural networks. The transformation of the low-level internal representation in a neural network into higher-level knowledge or information that can be interpreted more easily by humans and integrated with symbol-oriented mechanisms is the subject of the first group of papers. The second group of papers uses specific applications as starting point, and describes approaches based on neural networks for the knowledge representation required to solve crucial tasks in the respective application. The companion first part of the special issue [1] contains papers dealing with representation and reasoning issues on the basis of neural networks.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 9
    ISSN: 1573-7284
    Keywords: Salmonella ; Slaughter pigs
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract The Salmonella prevalence in slaughter pigs of German origin was determined in seven abattoirs located in different regions of the country between February and June 1996. A total of 11,942 pigs delivered to the abattoirs in 752 batches, most of them comprised of pigs from individual finishing farms, was investigated by the bacteriological examination of faecal and gut lymph node samples, as well as of surface swabs taken from the carcasses. Salmonellae were isolated from 3.7% of the faecal samples, 3.3% of the lymph nodes and 4.7% of the surface swabs. The estimated overall prevalence of Salmonellae was 6.2% in the slaughter pigs, ranging between 1.9% and 12% in individual abattoirs. In the samples taken from carcasses, the estimated prevalence of Salmonellae reached 10.3%. 648 out of 752 batches could be included in a statistical analysis. No Salmonellae were detected in nearly 70 percent of the batches included in this analysis (n = 648). High Salmonella prevalences of more than 50 percent positive animals were detected only in 13 batches (2.0%). A statistically significant influence of the duration of the transport of slaughter pigs to the abattoirs or the waiting period in the abattoirs prior to slaughter could not be detected.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 10
    ISSN: 1573-1979
    Keywords: resonant tunneling devices ; threshold logic ; parallel counter ; parallel addition
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Electrical Engineering, Measurement and Control Technology
    Notes: Abstract Quantum-effect devices utilizing resonant tunneling are promising candidates for future nano-scale integration. Originating from the technological progress of semiconductor technology, circuit architectures with reduced complexity are investigated by exploiting the negative-differential resistance of resonant tunneling devices. In this paper a resonant tunneling device threshold logic family based on the Monostable-Bistable Transition Logic Element (MOBILE) is proposed and applied to different parallel adder designs, such as ripple carry and binary carry lookahead adders. The basic device is a resonant tunneling transistor (RTT) composed of a resonant tunneling diode monolithically integrated on the drain contact layer of a heterostructure field effect transistor. On the circuit level the key components are a programmable NAND/NOR logic gate, threshold logic gates, and parallel counters. The special properties of MOBILE logic gates are considered by a bit-level pipelined circuit style. Experimental results are presented for the NAND/NOR logic gate.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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