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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The Action of Sodium Amalgam on Solutions of Potassium Salts, and of Potassium Amalgam on Solutions of Sodium Salts (1904)
    s.l. : American Chemical Society
    The @journal of physical chemistry 〈Washington, DC〉 8 (1904), S. 208-213 
    Details
    Source: ACS Legacy Archives
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/j150057a003
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Simulation of experimentally achieved DIII-D detached plasmas using the UEDGE code (1996)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Physics of Plasmas 3 (1996), S. 1967-1975 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7674
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: The introduction of a divertor Thomson scattering system in DIII-D [J. Luxon et al., International Conference on Plasma Physics and Controlled Nuclear Fusion (International Atomic Energy Agency, Vienna, 1986), p. 159] has enabled accurate determination of the plasma properties in the divertor region. Two plasma regimes are identified: detached and attached. The electron temperature in the detached regime is about 2 eV, much lower than 5–10 eV determined earlier. Fluid models of the DIII-D scrape-off layer plasma successfully reproduce many of the features of these two regimes, including the boundaries for transition between them. Detailed comparison between the results obtained from the fluid models and experiment suggest the models underestimate the spatial extent of the low-temperature region associated with the detached plasma mode. Low-temperature atomic physics processes that are not included in the present models may account for this discrepancy. © 1996 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.871993
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Quasi-optical cw mm-wave electron spin resonance spectrometer (1998)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Review of Scientific Instruments 69 (1998), S. 3924-3937 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7623
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics , Electrical Engineering, Measurement and Control Technology
    Notes: We describe a novel cw millimeter-wave electron spin resonance (ESR) spectrometer designed to operate in the frequency range of 80–200 GHz and in the temperature range of 2.5–300 K, which may be easily scaled to higher frequencies. The spectrometer uses a bimodal reflection cavity coupled to a circular corrugated guide and uses Gaussian quasi-optics for most of the front-end signal processing. This technique has very low insertion loss and allows a number of sophisticated measurement techniques to be employed including induction operation, which significantly reduces the effect of microphonics and stray reflections. A number of examples are given illustrating the sensitivity of the instrument and the advantages of using ESR at high fields. © 1998 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.1149200
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Performance of an energy-compensated three-dimensional atom probe (1998)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Review of Scientific Instruments 69 (1998), S. 49-58 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7623
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics , Electrical Engineering, Measurement and Control Technology
    Notes: A wide acceptance angle first-order reflectron lens has been incorporated into a three-dimensional atom probe (3DAP) to provide improved mass resolution. This new 3DAP instrument is capable of resolving isotopes in the mass spectrum, with resolutions better than m/Δm=500 full width at half maximum and 250 full width at 10% maximum. However, use of a reflectron for energy compensation within an imaging system means that improvements in mass resolution result in degradation of the spatial resolution. This article addresses the detailed design of the energy compensated 3DAP, and the minimization and compensation of chromatic aberrations in the imaging performance of the instrument. Some applications of the new instrument are included to illustrate its capabilities in the atomic-scale analysis of engineering alloys. © 1998 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.1148477
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Gas proportional detectors: Comments on present and future capabilities (invited) (abstract) : Proceedings of the 5th international conference on synchrotron radiation instrumentation (1995)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Review of Scientific Instruments 66 (1995), S. 2342-2342 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7623
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics , Electrical Engineering, Measurement and Control Technology
    Notes: A brief description of the most common encoding methods, and their relative merits, used with position sensitive proportional detectors at synchrotron facilities will be made. While some of these systems are reaching maturity, continued development is resulting in further improvements, especially in terms of linearity and resolution. The use of detectors with special geometries for specific experiments will be described. The microstrip gas chamber will be addressed, with particular emphasis on a comparison of its capabilities with those of the multiwire proportional chamber. The development of proportional detectors intended for dynamic studies at second- and third-generation sources, with counting rate capabilities well in excess of these generally available at present, will be described. The use of gas based detectors, albeit with modest energy resolution, for photon detection in the energy regime of a few hundred electron volts will be mentioned. © 1995 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.1145683
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Cross-barrier recombination in a GaAs/AlGaAs double-barrier resonant tunneling structure (1996)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Applied Physics 79 (1996), S. 8844-8846 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: We report the observation by photoluminescence (PL) spectroscopy of cross-barrier recombination between spatially separated two-dimensional electron and hole gases confined respectively in the quantum well (QW) and collector accumulation layer of a GaAs/AlGaAs double-barrier resonant tunneling structure. At the onset of the n=3(E3) resonance in the current–voltage characteristic, the energy of the cross-barrier transition Ecr is found to coincide with that of the PL peak arising from recombination of electrons from the E3 confined level in the QW with n=1 confined hole states (E3lh recombination). Similarly, at the onset of the E4 resonance, Ecr≈E4lh. We show that this behavior arises as a consequence of the symmetrical potential distribution within the structure at the onsets of the resonances. © 1996 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.362511
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    "Invisibility'' in certain intersecting particles and arrays of such particles in a solid host (1996)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Applied Physics 79 (1996), S. 2613-2621 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Theoretical results recently obtained for polarizability of intersecting spherical particles have been compared with those for polarizability of intersecting cardioidal particles resembling the spherical shape. Calculations based on a modified Parseval Rule have been performed for a number of metals in a dielectric matrix in a quasistatic approximation. A large difference in the polarizabilities has been found in spite of a striking similarity in their shapes. An unexpected small value for both the real and the imaginary part of the polarizability of cardioidal shaped metal particles occurs at wavelengths where simple metal spheres absorb strongly. A Maxwell-Garnett model has been used to compare the optical properties of composite materials containing the cardioidal and intersecting spherical particles of interest. It has been found that a composite containing cardioid shaped particles in a dielectric matrix can have an unusual response. Its absorption is very close to zero, while the refractive index is close to that of the fully dense host. © 1996 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.361131
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The consistent application of Maxwell–Garnett effective medium theory to anisotropic composites (1997)
    Woodbury, NY : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Applied Physics Letters 70 (1997), S. 2221-2223 
    Details
    ISSN: 1077-3118
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: The Maxwell–Garnett class of effective medium model applies if a representative cell can be found whose polarization vanishes upon insertion in the effective medium. For an anisotropic composite with randomly distributed ellipsoidal particles aligned along the principal axis, this leads to electrostatic restraints on the shape of such cells. It is shown that the cell boundary must have different depolarization factors to the inclusion within the cell. Practice is to equate them. A new physically correct ellipsometric modeling routine still with only two fitting parameters is demonstrated. © 1997 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.118821
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Metallization to asymmetric cladding separate confinement heterostructure lasers (1995)
    Woodbury, NY : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Applied Physics Letters 67 (1995), S. 3847-3849 
    Details
    ISSN: 1077-3118
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Annealed and nonannealed p-contact metallization for asymmetric cladding separate confinement heterostructure lasers with a thin p-cladding layer is reported. Ti–Au and annealed Ti–Pt–Au p-type contacts are demonstrated to improve the adhesion over a pure gold contact and allow annealing of the metallization to thin p-cladding laser structures at the expense of an increase in the optical loss. The increased optical loss is due to the decreased conductivity of titanium and platinum as compared to gold. As little as 10 A(ring) of titanium is adequate for an adhesion layer and only increases the optical loss by 1.6 cm −1 over a pure gold metallization which has an optical loss of 10.0 cm−1. A metallization of 15 A(ring) Ti−15 A(ring) Pt−1500 A(ring) Au is adequate for an anneal at 410 °C for 10 s and increases the optical loss by 7.0 cm −1. © 1995 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.115293
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Anti-U and haemolytic disease of the fetus and newborn (1998)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    BJOG 105 (1998), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1471-0528
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: The red cell alloantibody, anti-U, is uncommon but is a recognised cause of haemolytic disease of the fetus and newborn. We describe six pregnancies complicated by the presence of maternal anti-U, and review nine other well-documented cases. In these 15 cases severe haemolytic disease occurred only with titres of ≥ 1/512, and titres as high as 1/4000 were not necessarily associated with significant haemolysis. We recommend that an anti-U titre of ≥ 1/128 or more at ≥ 17 weeks of gestation is an indication for assessment of haemolysis in the fetus. Amniocentesis is the preferred initial investigation.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1471-0528.1998.tb10013.x
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