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  • 1
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    The Long-term Psychosocial Effects of Infertility (1995)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Journal of obstetric, gynecologic and neonatal nursing 24 (1995), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1552-6909
    Quelle: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Thema: Medizin
    Notizen: Objective: To explore the psychosocial effects of infertility and the role that social support plays over time. The major hypothesis was that although infertile persons report less contentment, lower levels of marital and sexual satisfaction, and lower self-esteem over time, those with higher levels of social support will be less affected Design/Setting: Four questionnaires were completed in subjects' own homes, one every 9 months. Participants: Subjects, all of whom perceived themselves as infertile, were recruited through the national newsletter for an infertility support group. Ninety-four subjects entered the study, and 41% of the sample completed it. Main outcome measures: Contentment, marital satisfaction, sexual satisfaction, self-esteem, sex-role identity, press (the measure of perceived internal and external pressures), and social support. Results: Perceived support (F [3,111] = 4.77, p 〈 0.004), as well as contentment and self-esteem, significantly increased over time (F[3,1111 = 12.03, p 〈 0.0001, andF [3, 1111 = 5.378, p 〈 0.002, respectively). Social support was positively correlated with all dependent measures. Conclusions: Contrary to what was hypothesized, infertile persons experienced increased social support and greater contentment over time. As hypothesized, there was a significant positive relationship between social support and all dependent measures. The positive impact of social support, counseling, and the adoption of strategies to deal with the stress of infertility lends credence to the crucial role nurses can play in helping infertile couples cope.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1552-6909.1995.tb02389.x
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  • 2
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Intellectual outcome in children with malignant tumors of the posterior fossa: influence of the field of irradiation and quality of surgery (1995)
    Springer
    Child's nervous system 11 (1995), S. 340-345 
    Details
    ISSN: 1433-0350
    Schlagwort(e): Malignant tumors of the posterior fossa ; Intellectual outcome ; Radiotherapy to posterior fossa ; Radiotherapy to cerebral hemispheres ; Radial surgery ; Brain stem lesions
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Medizin
    Notizen: Abstract The purpose of this study was to determine the respective parts played by cerebral hemisphere irradiation, posterior fossa irradiation, and surgery in the poor late functional results often observed in children treated for medulloblastoma. To do this we compared the intellectual outcome in a series of 59 children operated on for medulloblastoma, who had received whole-brain irradiation, to that observed in a series of 37 children operated on for ependymoma of the posterior fossa, who had received radiotherapy only on the posterior fossa. Only patients who had survived for more than 2 years without recurrence were included. At the assessment 1 year after treatment, intellectual outcome was somewhat better in the ependymoma group, but the difference was not statistically significant. At the long-term follow-ups at 5 and 10 years the results remained stable in the children treated for ependymoma, around 60% having an IQ above 90, whereas the intellectual level of the children treated for medulloblastoma was seen to have deteriorated progressively: 20% had an IQ above 90 5 years after treatment and only 10% at the 10-year followup. This progressive degradation is most likely due to the irradiation of the cerebral hemispheres, as this prophylactic irradiation constituted the only difference between the two groups. Moreover, irradiation to the posterior fossa did not seem to affect intellectual functions, since in the group of children with ependymomas the proportion of IQs above 90 was high and remained stable over the years. Surgery was certainly responsible for some poor results. The percentage of IQs above 90 observed 1–2 years after treatment was between 70 and 80 when no postoperative complications occurred, and only between 20–40% in the presence of postoperative complications. Postoperative aggravation was in most cases related to a brain-stem lesion. These results encourage the reduction, when possible, of irradiation to the cerebral hemispheres and underline the importance of the quality of surgery.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00301666
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  • 3
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    New Species of Human Tyrosine Hydroxylase mRNA Are Produced in Variable Amounts in Adrenal Medulla and Are Overexpressed in Progressive Supranuclear Palsy (1996)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Science Ltd
    Journal of neurochemistry 67 (1996), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1471-4159
    Quelle: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Thema: Medizin
    Notizen: Abstract: Alternative splicing of human tyrosine hydroxylase (TH) pre-mRNA produces four mRNAs leading to four different TH isoforms and is thought to have important regulatory functions. We show that the diversity of TH mRNAs is greater than previously described in the autonomous nervous system: New splice junctions corresponding to the skipping of exon 3 were identified by amplification of cDNA synthesized from pheochromocytoma RNA. In all cases the reading frame was maintained. These species were assayed by RNase protection experiments; their abundance (4–6%) was comparable to that of the previously identified human TH-3 and -4 species in normal adrenal medulla. However, higher levels (11–34%) of these species were found in adrenal medullas of patients suffering from progressive supranuclear palsy. Whether such changes are specific to the disease or the consequences of the stress associated with this severe neurodegeneration remains to be established.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1471-4159.1996.67010019.x
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  • 4
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Theoretical treatment of predissociation of the (4pσ) 1,3Πu rovibrational levels in the spectrum of the oxygen molecule (1998)
    College Park, Md. : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    The Journal of Chemical Physics 108 (1998), S. 8123-8129 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7690
    Quelle: AIP Digital Archive
    Thema: Physik , Chemie und Pharmazie
    Notizen: Ab initio configuration interaction calculations are carried out for eight low-lying 1,3Πu and four 1Δu states of the O2 molecule. Three different types of couplings are considered: nonadiabatic, spin–orbit, and rotational, and the complex scaling method has been employed to determine rovibrational energies and wave functions. The calculations correctly predict a large number of trends in the measured level locations, predissociation linewidths, rotational constants, and line intensities for the (4pσ) 1,3Πu states. It is found that the v=1 level has the lowest frequency and strongest absorption intensity among the four observed vibrational levels of the (4pσ) 3Πu state, while the v=2 has the broadest predissociation linewidth and v=0, the smallest rotational constant, all in agreement with experimental findings. The linewidth of the v=0 level of the 1Πu state is computed to be 0.01 cm−1, consistent with the measured value of less than 0.1 cm−1. The calculations indicate that the v=0 level of the (4pσ) 1Πu state borrows intensity from the allowed (4pσ) 3Πu–X 3Σg− through spin–orbit interaction and that the v=4 level of the (4pσ) 3Π1u component, which has not yet been identified experimentally, is strongly perturbed by the v=3 level of the (4pσ) 1Πu state. The L-uncoupling-type interaction between 1Πu and 1Δu states is also studied, and the explanation for the missing lines of the v=0, J≥2 rovibrational levels of the (4pσ) 1Πu states is sought based on the calculated results. © 1998 American Institute of Physics.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.476252
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  • 5
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Luminescent Sr1−xErxF2+x thin films grown on InP(100) substrates. II. Optical properties (1995)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Applied Physics 77 (1995), S. 5388-5393 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Quelle: AIP Digital Archive
    Thema: Physik
    Notizen: Photoluminescence and cathodoluminescence studies, performed at room temperature, on Sr1−xErxF2+x/InP(100) layers exhibit strong light emissions in both the visible range and in the infrared domain. It is shown that in the visible range the highest intensities were found for x=0.02, while for the 4I13/2→4I15/2 infrared emission (1.53 μm) the maximum of luminescence was found for x close to 0.2. For a 4I15/2→4I11/2 (980 nm) excitation, up conversion leads to visible light emissions (red and green). A photoluminescence study at low temperature (2 K) shows that, due to the low growth temperature of the layers, the Er3+ environment is more simple than in bulk crystals. For x=0.03 a single charge compensated Er3+ ion site was evidenced. Up to x=0,15 this site predominates but a clustering process is evidenced. © 1995 American Institute of Physics.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.359228
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  • 6
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    An infrared absorption investigation of hydrogen, deuterium, and nitrogen in ZnSe grown by molecular beam epitaxy (1996)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Applied Physics 80 (1996), S. 6425-6428 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Quelle: AIP Digital Archive
    Thema: Physik
    Notizen: Surprising concentrations of hydrogen and deuterium, as high as 5×1020 cm−3, were incorporated into nitrogen-doped ZnSe grown on GaAs by molecular beam epitaxy. Infrared absorption bands due to local vibration modes were observed at 3193 and 783 cm−1 for ZnSe:N,H samples, and at 2368 cm−1 for ZnSe:N,D samples using Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy. The isotopic shift in the absorption band agrees with predictions of a simple harmonic oscillator approximation for N–H bonding. The variation of the absorption band associated with substitutional nitrogen with nitrogen concentration indicates that not all nitrogen is substitutional, and also exhibited significant changes related to hydrogen incorporation. © 1996 American Institute of Physics.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.363661
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  • 7
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Low temperature luminescence studies of Ca1−xErxF2+x thin films epitaxially grown on silicon substrates (1996)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Applied Physics 80 (1996), S. 494-498 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Quelle: AIP Digital Archive
    Thema: Physik
    Notizen: Room temperature photoluminescence studies of Ca1−xErxF2+x thin films epitaxially grown on silicon substrates exhibit strong light emissions in both the visible range and the infrared domain. With an Ar+-ion laser as an excitation source, the maximum of the 4I13/2→4I15/2 infrared (1530 nm) luminescence of Er3+ (4f11) ions was found for x=0.16. It is assumed that a particular Er3+ ion environment exists in the layers to explain why the quenching phenomena do not dominate at these very high erbium concentrations. To describe this environment, a photoluminescence study at low temperature (2 K) has been performed which shows that only one Er3+ ion site (having C4v symmetry) predominates for an erbium substitution rate x≤0.02. At higher Er3+ concentrations, however, a clustering process of erbium ions is observed. In thin films, however the clustering appears only at concentrations two orders of magnitude higher than in bulk single cystals. © 1996 American Institute of Physics.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.362753
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  • 8
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Comparison of spin-orbit configuration interaction methods employing relativistic effective core potentials for the calculation of zero-field splittings of heavy atoms with a 2Po ground state (1998)
    College Park, Md. : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    The Journal of Chemical Physics 108 (1998), S. 3400-3408 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7690
    Quelle: AIP Digital Archive
    Thema: Physik , Chemie und Pharmazie
    Notizen: Computational strategies for the treatment of relativistic effects including spin-orbit coupling at a highly correlated level are compared for a number of heavy atoms: indium, iodine, thallium, and astatine. Initial tests with perturbation theory emphasize the importance of high-energy singly excited configurations which possess large spin-orbit matrix elements with the ground state. A contracted basis consisting of L–S CI eigenfunctions (LSC–SO–CI) is found to give an accurate representation of both spin-perturbed 2Po components as long as key np→pi* singly excited configurations are included. Comparison is made with a more extensive treatment in which all selected configurations of various L–S symmetries form the basis for the multireference–spin-orbit–configuration interaction (MR–SO–CI). Good agreement is obtained with experimental SO splittings for the In, I, and At atoms at a variety of levels of treatment, indicating that the L–S contracted SO–CI approach can be implemented quite effectively with relativistic effective core potentials (RECPs) for both very electronegative atoms and also for lighter electropositive elements up through the fifth row of the periodic table. The thallium atom SO splitting is more difficult to obtain accurately because of greater differences between its valence p1/2 and p3/2 spinors than in the other cases studied, but good results are also possible with the contracted SO–CI approach in this instance, provided proper care is given to the inclusion of key singly excited L–S states. The relationship between all-electron two-component SO–CI treatments and those employing RECPs is also analyzed, and it is concluded that triply excited configurations relative to the 2Po ground state are far less important than previously reported. © 1998 American Institute of Physics.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.475739
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  • 9
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    The spectrum of arsenic hydride: An ab initio configuration interaction study employing a relativistic effective core potential (1998)
    College Park, Md. : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    The Journal of Chemical Physics 108 (1998), S. 2028-2040 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7690
    Quelle: AIP Digital Archive
    Thema: Physik , Chemie und Pharmazie
    Notizen: An ab initio configuration interaction (CI) study including the spin–orbit interaction is carried out for numerous valence and Rydberg states of the AsH radical by employing a relativistic effective core potential for the arsenic atom. The computed spectroscopic constants are in good agreement with corresponding experimental data, with a tendency toward a slight overestimation of bond lengths (by 0.01–0.02 Å) and Te values (by 450–550 cm−1) for the lowest singlet states. Measured spin–orbit splittings for the X 3Σ− and A 3Π multiplets are also accurately reproduced in the present calculations and the Ω=0−, 1, and 2 components of the latter state are shown to be strongly predissociated due to spin–orbit interaction with the corresponding components of the repulsive 5Σ− state. Dipole moments μ(v=0) for the lowest-lying X 3Σ−, a 1Δ, and b 1Σ+ states, all arising from the (centered ellipsis)σ2π2 electronic configuration, are computed to have small (e.g., 0.1266 D for X1 3Σ0+−) and nearly equal positive values (As−H+ polarity). This finding is used to explain why the partial radiative lifetime for the parallel b–X1 transition (τp=44 ms) is much longer than that (τp=0.95 ms) of the perpendicular b–X2. The lifetime of the a 1Δ state is calculated to be 97 ms, significantly longer than that of the b 1Σ+ state, while the A 3Π substates have much shorter lifetimes (≤1 μs) for radiative decay to the X 3Σ− ground state. A number of other bound states and avoided crossings are indicated in the calculations which may be of relevance in future experimental studies of this system. © 1998 American Institute of Physics.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.475582
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  • 10
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Ab initio configuration interaction calculations of the predissociation of rovibrational levels of the C 3Πg and d 1Πg 3sσ Rydberg states of the oxygen molecule (1997)
    College Park, Md. : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    The Journal of Chemical Physics 106 (1997), S. 1123-1133 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7690
    Quelle: AIP Digital Archive
    Thema: Physik , Chemie und Pharmazie
    Notizen: Ab initio configuration interaction calculations have been carried out for seven low-lying 3,1Πg states of the oxygen molecule. Three different types of nonadiabatic couplings have been considered: spin-orbit, radial, and rotational. The complex scaling method has been employed to compute rovibrational level locations and predissociation linewidths with a basis of 200 Hermite polynomials for each of 13 different Ω electronic states. The calculations correctly predict that the v=2 level has the narrowest linewidth for the 16O2 C 3Πg state, while v=4 is narrowest for 18O2. Marked variations in the linewidths of the different Ω components of the C state are explained by the fact that the π*→3sσ Rydberg and σ→π* valence 3Πg states have different occupations of the π* orbital, causing opposite orderings of their respective Ω levels. Rotational coupling is found to be important for high J values of the C state. The d 1Πg 3sσ state shows even more unusual effects by virtue of the fact that there is a sharply avoided crossing between the corresponding Rydberg diabatic state with a bound σ→π* 1Πg valence state. The calculations find irregular spacings in the d-state vibrational manifold, wide variations in linewidth for different v,J levels, and a large change in the rotational constant in successive vibrational levels, all of which effects have been earlier demonstrated in experimental work. Satellite lines are indicated for both the v=2 and 3 levels as a result of the interaction with the bound 1Πg valence state, whereby experimental verification exists only for v=2. The v=3 state has not yet been successfully identified due to the broadness of the d-X spectrum in the energy range of interest. The observed temperature dependence of the linewidths of the two features near the expected location of the v=2 level can also be understood on the basis of these calculations. Finally, the change in the predissociation mechanism for the d state from spin-orbit to radial as v changes from 0 to 2 which has been deduced experimentally is also verified in the present theoretical treatment.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.473208
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