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  • Engineering  (20)
  • Cytoplasmic and maternal effects  (2)
  • (B. mori egg)  (1)
  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Characterization of vitellin, egg-specific protein and 30 kDa protein from Bombyx eggs, and their fates during oogenesis and embryogenesis
    Amsterdam : Elsevier
    Biochimica et Biophysica Acta (BBA)/General Subjects 882 (1986), S. 427-436 
    Details
    ISSN: 0304-4165
    Keywords: (B. mori egg) ; 30 kDa protein ; Antigenicity ; Egg-specific protein ; Embryogenesis ; Oogenesis ; Vitellin
    Source: Elsevier Journal Backfiles on ScienceDirect 1907 - 2002
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Physics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/0304-4165(86)90267-9
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Analysis of cytoplasmic and maternal effects I. A genetic model for diploid plant seeds and animals (1994)
    Springer
    Theoretical and applied genetics 89 (1994), S. 153-159 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2242
    Keywords: Modified diallel crosses ; Monte Carlo simulation ; Cytoplasmic and maternal effects ; Variance and covariance components ; Genetic prediction
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract A genetic model for modified diallel crosses is proposed for estimating variance and covariance components of cytoplasmic, maternal additive and dominance effects, as well as direct additive and dominance effects. Monte Carlo simulations were conducted to compare the efficiencies of minimum norm quadratic unbiased estimation (MINQUE) methods. For both balanced and unbalanced mating designs, MINQUE (0/1), which has 0 for all the prior covariances and 1 for all the prior variances, has similar efficiency to MINQUE(θ), which has parameter values for the prior values. Unbiased estimates of variance and covariance components and their sampling variances could be obtained with MINQUE(0/1) and jackknifing. A t-test following jackknifing is applicable to test hypotheses for zero variance and covariance components. The genetic model is robust for estimating variance and covariance components under several situations of no specific effects. A MINQUE(0/1) procedure is suggested for unbiased estimation of covariance components between two traits with equal design matrices. Methods of unbiased prediction for random genetic effects are discussed. A linear unbiased prediction (LUP) method is shown to be efficient for the genetic model. An example is given for a demonstration of estimating variance and covariance components and predicting genetic effects.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00225135
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Analysis of cytoplasmic and maternal effects. II. Genetic models for triploid endosperms (1994)
    Springer
    Theoretical and applied genetics 89 (1994), S. 160-166 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2242
    Keywords: Monte Carlo simulation ; Endospermic traits ; Cytoplasmic and maternal effects ; Variance and covariance components ; Genetic prediction
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract Genetic models for quantitative traits of triploid endosperms are proposed for the analysis of direct gene effects, cytoplasmic effects, and maternal gene effects. The maternal effect is partitioned into maternal additive and dominance components. In the full genetic model, the direct effect is partitioned into direct additive and dominance components and high-order dominance component, which are the cumulative effects of three-allele interactions. If the high-order dominance effects are of no importance, a reduced genetic model can be used. Monte Carlo simulations were conducted in this study for demonstrating unbiasedness of estimated variance and covariance components from the MINQUE (0/1) procedure, which is a minimum norm quadratic unbiased estimation (MINQUE) method setting 0 for all the prior covariances and 1 for all the prior variances. Robustness of estimating variance and covariance components for the genetic models was tested by simulations. Both full and reduced genetic models are shown to be robust for estimating variance and covariance components under several situations of no specific effects. Efficiency of predicting random genetic effects for the genetic models by the MINQUE (0/1) procedure was compared with the best linear unbiased prediction (BLUP). A worked example is given to illustrate the use of the reduced genetic model for kernel growth characteristics in corn (Zea mays L.).
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00225136
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    A simple error estimator and adaptive procedure for practical engineerng analysis (1987)
    Chichester [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    International Journal for Numerical Methods in Engineering 24 (1987), S. 337-357 
    Details
    ISSN: 0029-5981
    Keywords: Engineering ; Engineering General
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mathematics , Technology
    Notes: A new error estimator is presented which is not only reasonably accurate but whose evaluation is computationally so simple that it can be readily implemented in existing finite element codes.The estimator allows the global energy norm error to be well estmated and alos gives a good evaluation of local errors. It can thus be combined with a full adaptive process of refinement or, more simply, provide guidance for mesh redesign which allows the user to obtain a desired accuracy with one or two trials.When combined with an automatic mesh generator a very efficient guidance process to analysis is avaiable.Estimates other than the energy norm have successfully been applied giving, for instance, a predetermined accuracy of stresses.
    Additional Material: 19 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/nme.1620240206
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Error estimates and adaptive refinement for plate bending problems (1989)
    Chichester [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    International Journal for Numerical Methods in Engineering 28 (1989), S. 2839-2853 
    Details
    ISSN: 0029-5981
    Keywords: Engineering ; Engineering General
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mathematics , Technology
    Notes: The Zienkiewicz-Zhu error estimator is shown to be effective in problems of plate flexure. When used in conjunction with triangular elements and an adaptive mesh generator allowing a prescribed size of elements to be developed, very fast adaptive convergence for results of specified accuracy is achieved.
    Additional Material: 10 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/nme.1620281209
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Superconvergent patch recovery techniques - some further tests (1993)
    Chichester : Wiley-Blackwell
    Communications in Numerical Methods in Engineering 9 (1993), S. 251-258 
    Details
    ISSN: 1069-8299
    Keywords: Engineering ; Engineering General
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mathematics , Technology
    Notes: A modification has been introduced to the new superconvergent patch derivative recovery technique recently developed (Zienkiewicz and Zhu, 1991). By use of a locally normalized co-ordinate system, the application of this technique can now be applied to higher-order finite-element shape functions. Numerical studies are carried out for up to 6th-order elements in one dimension and for up to quartic elements in two dimensions, and superconvergent results are obtained for all examples tested.
    Additional Material: 5 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/cnm.1640090309
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Mesh enrichment against mesh regeneration using quadrilateral elements (1993)
    Chichester : Wiley-Blackwell
    Communications in Numerical Methods in Engineering 9 (1993), S. 547-554 
    Details
    ISSN: 1069-8299
    Keywords: Engineering ; Engineering General
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mathematics , Technology
    Notes: An adaptive refinement procedure using a new automatic quadrilateral element mesh generator is presented. The performance of the adaptive procedure in achieving a given accuracy with different mesh refinement strategies is compared. It is found that when using bilinear or biquadratic quadrilateral elements refinement strategies of both mesh enrichment and mesh regeneration can lead to a prescribed accuracy being achieved by the Zienkiewicz-Zhu adaptive procedure1 with the optimal rate of convergence. However, fewer mesh refinement steps are needed if the strategy of mesh regeneration is employed with the newly developed automatic quadrilateral element mesh generator2.
    Additional Material: 5 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/cnm.1640090702
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    A hybrid differential-algebraic method for three-dimensional grid generation (1990)
    Chichester [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    International Journal for Numerical Methods in Engineering 29 (1990), S. 1271-1279 
    Details
    ISSN: 0029-5981
    Keywords: Engineering ; Engineering General
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mathematics , Technology
    Notes: An effective method is presented for generating three-dimensional boundary-fitted grids. The technique is based on a two-step procedure involving the solution of differential equations and algebraic interpolations. A coarse grid with an arbitrarily given point distribution at all the boundaries is first generated by solving the Poisson equations, with the forcing functions being automatically adjusted during the grid generation to achieve orthogonality at the boundaries. A fine grid with a desired concentration of grid lines is then obtained by fitting tricubic spline functions on the coarse grid. A primary feature of the method is that the mesh spacing can be quickly and explicitly changed while retaining the smoothness over the entire field and the boundary orthogonality. Applications to a variety of geometries demonstrate the performance of the method.
    Additional Material: 13 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/nme.1620290611
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Adaptivity and mesh generation (1991)
    Chichester [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    International Journal for Numerical Methods in Engineering 32 (1991), S. 783-810 
    Details
    ISSN: 0029-5981
    Keywords: Engineering ; Engineering General
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mathematics , Technology
    Notes: The objective of achieving economically finite element solutions of specified accuracy is now within reach. The importance of this objective is finally recognized by commercial code originators and efforts directed at automating the process are meeting with success.Three essential ingredients are here necessary. These are: (i) economical and efficient a posteriori error estimating processes; (ii) close prediction of the refinement necessary for a specific accuracy to be achieved so that numerous trial and error solutions can be avoided; (iii) implementation of the predicted refinement.With h and h-p adaptive processes Step (iii) requires powerful mesh generator facilities capable of achieving meshes of specified density.The paper considers all three aspects, introducing some novel concepts in error estimation and discussing in some detail the problem of mesh generation. As such, it introduces the other papers of this special issue, which discuss various aspects in more detail.
    Additional Material: 19 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/nme.1620320409
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    A new approach to the development of automatic quadrilateral mesh generation (1991)
    Chichester [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    International Journal for Numerical Methods in Engineering 32 (1991), S. 849-866 
    Details
    ISSN: 0029-5981
    Keywords: Engineering ; Engineering General
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mathematics , Technology
    Notes: A methodology for the automatic mesh generation of quadrilateral elements is proposed. The methodology is based on the facts that (i) a region can always be subdivided entirely into quadrilaterals if the polygon which forms the boundary of the region has an even number of sides, (ii) a quadrilateral can be formed by two triangles which share a common side. By taking advantage of the techniques developed in an existing automatic triangular mesh generator, quadrilateral meshes can be generated according to the distribution of user specified element size over the domain of interest. In particular, an automatic quadrilateral mesh generator based on the advancing front technique for triangular mesh generation1 is described. Techniques to improve the quality of the generated quadrilateral meshes are introduced. The robustness and versatility of the mesh generator are demonstrated by a variety of examples.
    Additional Material: 21 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/nme.1620320411
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