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  • Polymer and Materials Science  (37)
  • 23.60.+e  (5)
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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Element 107 (1989)
    Springer
    The European physical journal 333 (1989), S. 163-175 
    Details
    ISSN: 1434-601X
    Keywords: 23.60.+e ; 25.70.3f ; 25.85.Ca ; 27.9.+6
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Abstract We identified twoα-emitting isotopes of element 107 with masses of 261 and 262 respectively by parent-daughter correlations. For the isotope with mass 262 we found two transitions with (102±26) ms and (8.0±2.1) ms half-life, which we assign to the groundstate and to an isomeric transition, respectively. The half-life of the isotope with mass 261 is (11.8 −2.8 +5.3 ) ms. Spontaneous fission, which could be assigned to the decay of an isotope of element 107, was not detected in our experiments. This observation is in-line with our previous results, indicating a region of nuclei with strong microscopic stabilisation in the trans-actinides. Both new isotopes were produced by complete fusion of209Bi with54Cr. The production cross sections are (163±34) pb for262107 and (36 −14 +22 ) pb for261107.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01565147
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Identification of the neutron-deficient isotopes213,214Pa (1995)
    Springer
    The European physical journal 351 (1995), S. 125-126 
    Details
    ISSN: 1434-601X
    Keywords: 23.60.+e ; 27.90.+b
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Abstract Two new neutron-deficient isotopes,213Pa and214Pa were produced in complete fusion reactions of51V-ions with170Er targets at (5.2−5.6) AMeV. The assignment was based on delayed evaporation residue -α -α time and position coincidences. Theα- decay energies of213,214Pa were measured to be Eα=(8236±20) keV and Eα=(8116±20) keV, respectively. The half-lives of213,214Pa were determined to be T1/2=(5.3 −1.6 +4.0 ms and T1/2=(17 ±3) ms, respectively.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01289518
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Production and decay of269110 (1995)
    Springer
    The European physical journal 350 (1995), S. 277-280 
    Details
    ISSN: 1434-601X
    Keywords: 21.10.Dr ; 23.60.+e ; 25.70.−z ; 27.90.+b
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Abstract In an experiment carried out to identify element 110, we have observed anα-decay chain, that can be unambiguously assigned to269110. In a scries of preexperiments the excitation functions of the fusion reactions50Ti +208Pb→258104* and58Fe +208Pb→266108* were measured with high precision in order to get the optimum projectile energies for the production of these heavy elements. The cross-section maxima of the 1n evaporation channels were observed at excitation energies of 15.6 MeV and 13.4 MeV, respectively. These data result in an optimum excitation energy of 12.3 MeV of the compound nucleus for the production of269110 in the reaction62Ni +208Pb→269110 + 1n. In irradiations at the corresponding beam energy of 311 MeV we have observed a decay chain of 4 subsequent a decays. This can be assigned to the isotope with the mass number 269 of the element 110 on the basis of delayed α-α coincidences. The accurately measured decay data of the daughter isotopes of the elements 108 to 102, obtained in the previous experiments, were used. The isotope269110 decays with a hair-life of (270 -120 +1300 ) μs by emission of (11.132±0.020) MeV alpha particles. The production cross-section is (3.3 -2.7 +6.2 ) pb.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01291181
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The new isotopes258105,257105,254Lr and253Lr (1985)
    Springer
    The European physical journal 322 (1985), S. 557-566 
    Details
    ISSN: 1434-601X
    Keywords: 23.60.+e ; 25.85. Ca ; 25.70. Jj ; 27.90.+b
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Abstract Evaporation residues from the heavy-ion fusion reaction50Ti on209Bi were investigated. They were separated from the projectile beam by the velocity filter SHIP and identified after implantation into an array of position-sensitive surface-barrier detectors by analyzing theirα-decay chains. Spontaneous fission was also observed. Four newα emitters,258105 (T1/2=4.4 −0.6 +0.9 s),257105 (T1/2= 1.4 −0.3 +0.6 s),254Lr (T 1/2= 13 −2 +3 s), and253Lr (T 1/2=1.3 −0.3 +0.6 s) could be identified. For the isotope257105 we obtained a spontaneous-fission branch of about 20%. A spontaneous-fission activity with a halflife comparable to that for theα decay of258105 was explained as fission of258104, formed by electron capture from258105. An excitation function for evaporation-residue production was measured for bombarding energies in the range ofE CM=184.4 MeV toE CM=196.6 MeV. Nearly all evaporation residues we observed, could be attributed to the 1n and 2n deexcitation channels. The maximum cross sections wereσ(1n)=c/2.9±0.3) nbarn, andσ(2n)=c/2.1±0.8) nbarn, respectively. We could measure the total kinetic energy of the fission fragments of258104 to be TKE=(220±15) MeV, a value that fits into empirical systematics based on aZ 2/A 1/3 dependence.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01415134
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The new element 111 (1995)
    Springer
    The European physical journal 350 (1995), S. 281-282 
    Details
    ISSN: 1434-601X
    Keywords: 21.10.Dr ; 23.60.+e ; 25.70.−z ; 27.90.+b
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Abstract The new element 111 was produced and unambiguously identified in an experiment at SHIP, GSI Darmstadt. Three nuclei of the isotope272111 were observed in irradiations of209Bi targets with64Ni projectiles of 318 MeV and 320 MeV energy. The cross-sections are (1.7 −1.4 +3.3 ) pb and (3.5 −2.3 +4.6 ) pb, respectively. The nuclei decay by a emission into the new and so far the heaviest isotopes of the elements 109 and 107 with mass numbers A=268 and A=264. Theα-decay chains were followed down to the known nuclei260105 and256Lr.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01291182
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Integrierte Netzplantechnik. O. Reichert. 1. Aufl. (1977). 214 S., 43 Abb., und 9 Tafeln, Verlag Chemie Weinheim, New York, Kunststoffeinband DM 38,- (1979)
    Weinheim [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Materials and Corrosion/Werkstoffe und Korrosion 30 (1979), S. 89-89 
    Details
    ISSN: 0947-5117
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/maco.19790300120
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Reibung und Verschleiß. Mechanismen - Prüftechnik - Werkstoffeigenschaften. Hrsg. K.-H. Zum Gahr. 244 S., zahlr. Abb. Alphabetisches Stichwortverzeichnis. DGM Informationsgesellschaft mbH, Oberursel 1983. Geb., 16 × 23,5 cm. ISBN 3-88355-064-7. DM 87,- (1984)
    Weinheim [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Materials and Corrosion/Werkstoffe und Korrosion 35 (1984), S. 318-318 
    Details
    ISSN: 0947-5117
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/maco.19840350608
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Oxidation behavior of CrNx and (Cr,Al)Nx hard coatings (1990)
    Weinheim [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Materials and Corrosion/Werkstoffe und Korrosion 41 (1990), S. 756-760 
    Details
    ISSN: 0947-5117
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Description / Table of Contents: Oxidationsverhalten von Hartstoffschichten aus CrNx und (Cr,Al)NxDurch reaktives Magnetron-Sputtering hergestellte Nitrid-Hartstoffschichten aus CrNx und (Cr,Al)Nx wurden in Luft bei Temperaturen zwischen 500°C und 900°C bis zu 16 Stunden lang oxidiert. Ursprüngliche und oxidierte Proben wurden durch Auger-Elektronenspektroskopie, Rasterelektronenmikroskopie und Röntgenbeugung untersucht. Die Ergebnisse zeigen, daß die Oxidation von Beschichtungen aus CrNx durch das Wachstum einer Chromoxidschicht gekennzeichnet ist, das durch Diffusion von Cr aus der Nitridschicht bestimmt wird. Unterhalb der Oxidschicht entsteht eine an Cr verarmte und mit N angereicherte Schicht. Beschichtungen mit dem ternären (Cr,Al)Nx sind bei allen Temperaturen zwischen 500°C und 900°C etwa fünfmal mehr oxidationsbeständig, als solche aus CrNx. Die Oxidschicht auf (Cr,Al)Nx zeigt eine ausgeprägte Variation der Zusammensetzung mit der Tiefe. Diese kann im wesentlichen durch das Vorherrschen einer äußeren Cr-reichen (Cr,Al)-Oxidschicht gedeutet werden, die sich nach innen zu in einer Al-angereicherten (Cr,Al)-Oxynitridschicht fortsetzt. Im Gegensatz zu CrNx findet man eine breite Interdiffusionszone von N und O. In beiden Fällen wird der Oxidationsvorgang hauptsächlich durch die Diffusion von Cr bestimmt.
    Notes: Reactively magnetron-sputtered CrNx and (Cr,Al)Nx hard costings were oxidized in air at temperatures between 500°C and 900°C for periods up to 16 h. The original and the oxidized samples were characterized by scanning electron microscopy, X-ray diffraction and scanning Auger electron spectroscopy. The results show that CrNx coatings oxidize by growth of chromium oxide layer on top of the coating governed by outward diffusion of Cr. Below the oxide layer, a Cr-depleted and N-enriched intermediate nitride layer is left. The ternary (Cr,Al)Nx nitride coating is about five times more oxidation resistant than CrNx at all temperatures between 500°C and 900°C. The oxide layer on (Cr,Al)Nx shows a strong variation in composition with depth, which can be interpreted as a main oxide layer of a Cr-rich (Cr,Al) oxide followed by an Al-enriched (Cr,Al) oxynitride. In contrast to CrNx, a wide interdiffusion zone of N and O is found. In both cases the oxidation process is mainly controlled by Cr diffusion.
    Additional Material: 5 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/maco.19900411222
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Augerspektroskopische Untersuchungen zur Lochkorrosion von Fe-Cr-, Fe-Mo- und Fe-Cr-Mo-LegierungenHerrn Professor Dr. K. E. Heusler zum 60. Geburtstag gewidmet (1991)
    Weinheim [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Materials and Corrosion/Werkstoffe und Korrosion 42 (1991), S. 169-178 
    Details
    ISSN: 0947-5117
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Description / Table of Contents: Auger-spectroscopic investigations into pitting corrosion of FeCr, FeMo and FeCrMo alloysA single pit was produced on binary iron-chromium (Fe17Cr), iron-molybdenum (Fe1Mo, Fe3Mo, and Fe5Mo) and ternary iron-chromium-molybdenum alloys (Fe17CrxMo, x = 1, 3, 7 wt.%) in 0.5 M H2SO4 with Cl- additions (0.02 to 0.08 molar) at room temperature. Compositional changes at the bottom of the pit and in the surrounding passive film were determined using high resolution Auger-Electron Spectroscopy (AES). The chromium and molybdenum content of the passive layers are not changed in the presence of Cl- and there is no incorporation of chlorine in the passive film as long as the films were formed in a chlorine-free electrolyte and Cl- was added later. At the bottom of the pits salt films could be determined in all cases after removing the electrolyte with filter paper. These salt films are strongly enriched in chromium, molybdenum and chlorine. The salt film was not detectable for Fe-Cr after rinsing the samples with distilled water, whereas in the case of molybedenum additions the salt film could not be washed away with water.
    Notes: Ein einzelnes Loch wurde auf der passiven Oberfläche von Eisen-Chrom-(Fe17Cr), Eisen-Molybdän-(Fe1Mo, Fe3Mo und Fe5Mo) und ternären Eisen-Chrom-Molybdän-Legierungen (Fe17CrxMo, x = 1, 3, 7 Gew.%) durch Lochkorrosion in 0,5 M H2SO4 mit Cl--Zusätzen von 0,02 und 0,08 Mol/l bei Raumtemperatur erzeugt. Die Zusammensetzung des Lochbodens und der umgebenden Passivschicht wurde mit Hilfe der hochauflösenden Augerelektronenspektroskopie (AES) bestimmt. Der Chrom- und Molybdängehalt des Passivfilmes wird durch die Anwesenheit der Cl--Ionen nicht verändert, und es wird kein Chlor in den Passivfilm eingebaut, solange der Film in chloridfreiem Elektrolyt gebildet und Cl- später zugesetzt wurde. Auf dem Lochboden konnten in allen Fällen Salzfilme festgestellt werden, nachdem der Elektrolyt mit Filterpapier aufgesogen wurde. Diese Salzfilme waren stark mit Chrom, Molybdän und Chlor angereichert. Bei der Fe-Cr-Legierung konnte der Salzfilm nach Spülung mit Wasser nicht mehr nachgewiesen werden, während bei den molybdänhaltigen Legierungen der Salzfilm mit Wasser nicht entfernt werden konnte.
    Additional Material: 12 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/maco.19910420405
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Determination of the atomic mixing layer in sputter profiling of Ta/Si multilayers by TEM and AES (1990)
    Chichester [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Surface and Interface Analysis 15 (1990), S. 794-796 
    Details
    ISSN: 0142-2421
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Sputter-deposited multilayers of Si and Ta with a nominal period length of a double layer (Ta + Si) of 20 nm were studied with AES depth profiling and with transmission electron microscopy (TEM). The asymmetric shape of the measured Si layer profiles was fitted to model calculations based on preferential sputtering of Si and an atomic mixing zone length of 4 nm for 3 keV Ar+ ions at a 36° incidence angle. TEM images of cross-sections of the original sample show sharp Si/Ta and Ta/Si interfaces, with a width of ∼ 0.5 nm. The atomic mixing zone length of the sputter-profiled sample was observed directly by TEM and was determined to be 4.0 nm, in accordance with the AES profile evaluation. It is concluded that the observed asymmetric broadening of the shape of the measured AES sputtering profiles is due mainly to atomic mixing and is enhanced by preferential sputtering of Si.
    Additional Material: 3 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/sia.740151214
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