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  • 1
    ISSN: 1432-1440
    Keywords: Human immunodeficiency virus ; AIDS ; Anti-HIV ; Anti-p41 ; Anti-p24
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary Diagnosis of infection with the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) relies on the demonstration of antibody to this virus. Occasionally, the combined analysis of sera using ELISA and western blot reveals false-positive results. We have compared a newly developed test to detect antibodies to the core (anti-p24) and surface (anti-p41) proteins of HIV with the established tests described above. Anti-p24 and anti-p41 were negative in three individuals positive for anti-HIV by ELISA and immunoblot; they had a low risk to acquire HIV infection and were clinically and immunologically normal and suspected false positive previously. In 62 individuals at risk, anti-p41 was always positive while anti-p24 was negative in 24/62 individuals including all but one patient with AIDS. The data indicate that this new test may replace the western blot as a reliable, widely available, and standardized confirmatory assay. In addition, preliminary evidence needs to be confirmed that quantitative analysis of anti-p24 might be of prognostic value in the course of HIV infection.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Clinical and experimental medicine 153 (1970), S. 150-161 
    ISSN: 1591-9528
    Keywords: Immunology ; Active chronic hepatitis ; Organ-bound soluble liver-protein ; Immunologie ; Chronische aktive Hepatitis ; Organgebun-denes lösliches Leberprotein
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Zusammenfassung Es wird über die Ergebnisse von Sensibilisierungen bei Kaninchen mit nativen und alterierten homologen sowie heterologen organgebundenen Leberproteinen, Serumproteinen und Antigen-Antikörper-Komplexen berichtet. — Die neonatal erworbene Immuntoleranz gegenüber löslichem organgebundenem Leberprotein ist mit alteriertem homologem oder heterologem Protein zerstörbar. Organspezifische Autoantikörper bzw. spezifisch-sensibilisierte Zellen konnten bei Verwendung von haptenisierten homologen Proteinen nach 2–3 Monaten, bei Verwendung von heterologen Proteinen nach 6 Monaten nachgewiesen werden. — Der Befund einer aktiven chronischen Hepatitis fand sich nach langdauernder Sensibilisierung mit kleinen Antigendosen (7–8 Monate) und Entwicklung einer Hypersensibilität vom verzögerten Typ. Die massive Stimulierung einer Autoantikörperbildung in einem kürzeren Zeitraum führt dagegen nur zu einer — von der Art des Antigens unabhängigen — Sensibilisierungsreaktion.
    Notes: Summary The immune response towards native and altered homologous and heterologous liver specific protein was examined in the rabbit. Immunization with serumproteins and antigen-antibody-complexes served as controlls. The immunological tolerance for soluble liver specific protein can be destroyed with altered homologous or heterologous proteins. Organ-specific autoantibodies and specifically sensitized cells could be found after a 2–3 months immunization-period with chemically altered protein and after 6 months when heterologous proteins were used. Active chronic hepatitis could be detected after a long-term (7–8 months) immunization with small doses of antigen together with evidence for a delayed typ hypersensitivity-reaction. Large doses of antigen and their application for short periods are followed by sensitivity reactions, which do not depend on the antigen used.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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