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  • 1
    ISSN: 1432-1238
    Keywords: PMN-elastase ; Thrombin-antithrombin III-complex (TAT) ; Acute dialysis ; Low molecular weight heparin
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Despite the improvements in the development of dialyzer membranes with greater hemocompatibility, an activation of the coagulation system occurs when blood comes into contact with exogenous surfaces. The large number of heparin dosage regimens demonstrate the difficulty to adapt general therapeutic guidelines. Low molecular weight heparin (Fragmin®) was administered as a single bolus dose for anticoagulation during 58 acute dialyses. Anti-Xa-activity, the plasma levels of the lysosomal elastase of the polymorphnuclear granulocytes (“PMN-elastase”) and of the thrombin-antithrombin III-complex (TAT) were measured at hourly intervals. Therapeutic anti-Xa-levels did not show evidence of sufficient inhibition of thrombin formation. The PMN-elastase increased by 180 ng/ml 3 h after administration of the bolus dose, with no further increase occurring (plateau phase). This was considered to reflect adequate anticoagulative activity. Where anticoagulation was inadequate, the elastase values rose consistently. After 2 h the increase of the PMN-elastase showed that — and to what extent — coagulation had been activated. The determination of PMN-elastase, using the IMAC-principle, is a method which can be performed quickly with any conventional autoanalyzer. It makes it possible to monitor adequate anticoagulation, but PMN-elastase results must be proven during routine use before recommendation as a routine test.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    ISSN: 1432-1440
    Keywords: Creatine kinase, isoenzymes ; Creatin kinase, isoenzyme-MB ; Antibodies, inhibiting ; Kinetic enzyme activity determination ; Myocardial infarction ; Creatinkinase-Isoenzyme ; Creatinkinase-Isoenzym MB ; Antikörper, inhibierende ; Enzymaktivitäts-Bestimmung, kinetische ; Myokardinfarkt
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Zusammenfassung Es wird über eine neue Methode zur quantitativen Bestimmung der Creatinkinase MB-Aktivität im Serum berichtet. Die Methode beruht auf einer direkten Messung der Aktivität der Creatin-kinase-Untereinheit B nach Hemmung der Aktivität der Creatinkinase-Untereinheit M durch inhibierende Antikörper und benötigt zur Durchführung 15 min. Bei allen 83 untersuchten Patienten mit klinisch gesichertem Myokardinfarkt konnten zwischen der 6. und 28. Stunde nach Infarkteintritt Creatinkinase MB-Aktivität gemessen werden. Der Creatinkinase MB-Anteil zum Zeitpunkt der höchsten Creatinkinase-Gesamtaktivität betrug 6–17%, im Mittel 8%. Diese Methode ermöglicht daher in der Notfalldiagnostik eine Differentialdiagnose unklarer Creatinkinase-Gesamtaktivitäts-Erhöhungen.
    Notes: Summary A new method for the determination of creatine kinase-MB activity in the serum is presented. The principle of this method is the direct measurement of the activity of creatine kinase M subunits by inhibiting antibodies. The total test procedure takes 15 min. In the sera of all the 83 patients tested, who have clinically proven myocard infarction, creatine kinase-MB activity can be measured between the 6th and 28th hour after infarction. At the time of maximum total creatine kinase activity the percentage of creatine kinase-MB activity is between 6 and 17%, the mean value being 8%. In cases of emergency this method can be used for the differential diagnosis of elevated total creatine kinase activities of unknown origin.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Journal of molecular medicine 56 (1978), S. 449-456 
    ISSN: 1432-1440
    Keywords: CK-isoenzymes ; Myocardial infarction ; Disappearance rate constant ; CK-Isoenzyme ; Myokardinfarkt ; Eliminationskonstante
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Zusammenfassung Wir untersuchten die Kinetik der Gesamtaktivität der Creatinkinase und die des Isoenzyms CK-MB bei 83 Patienten mit gesichertem Myokardinfarkt in Serienmessungen in 2–6 stündlichen Abständen. Die Aktivität des Isoenzyms CK-MB wurde mit der immunologischen Inhibitionsmethode bestimmt. Isoenzym CK-MB war bei allen Patienten nachweisbar. Die maximale CK-MB Aktivität betrug im Mittel 65 U/l (Bereich: 9-241 U/l). Der mittlere prozentuale CK-MB Aktivitätsanteil an der Gesamtaktivität lag zum Zeitpunkt der maximalen CK-MB Aktivität bei 13,2% (Bereich: 3,4–21,7%). Das Maximum der CK-MB Aktivität wird im Mittel 17,4 h (Bereich: 3,0–32,5 h) nach Beginn der akuten Schmerzsymptomatik erreicht. Es liegt damit 1,4 h vor dem Gipfel der CK-Gesamtaktivität. Die Berechnung der Eliminationskonstante (n=31) für die CK-MB Aktivität ergab bei einer sehr starken individuellen Streuung einen Mittelwert von 9,3×10−4 U/min, entsprechend einer Halbwertszeit von 12,5 h (CK-Gesamt: 15,5 h). Die Bestimmung der CK-MB Aktivität hat somit meist nur innerhalb von 48 h nach einem fraglich cardialen Ereignis diagnostische Wertigkeit. Da der Nachweis von Isoenzym CK-MB im Serum nicht im strengen Sinne spezifisch für eine Herzmuskelschädigung ist, ist es sinnvoll, die Höhe des prozentualen CK-MB Aktivitätsanteiles als differentialdiagnostischen Parameter zu benutzen. Bis zu 36 h nach Myokardinfarkt liegt dieser Wert bei 80% der Patienten über 6%.
    Notes: Summary We investigated the activity kinetics of CK-total and CK-MB in 83 patients with proven myocardial infarctions. Serial serum samples were taken at intervals of 2–6 h. The activity of isoenzym CK-MB was determined by means of the immunological inhibition method. CK-MB activity was determined in all patients. The mean peak activity of CK-MB was 65 U/l (range: 9-241 U/l). At the time of peak CK-MB activity the mean percentage CK-MB activity was 13.2% (range: 3.4–21.7%). The CK-MB activity reached its peak at 17.4 h (range: 3.0–32.5 h) after the onset of retrosternal pain. This is 1.4 h after peak CK-total activity. The mean disappearance rate constant for CK-MB (n=31) was found to be 9.3×10−4 U/min with a large individual variation. This value corresponds to a half life of 12.5 h (CK-total: 15.5 h). The determination of CK-MB activity is therefore only of diagnostic significance within 48 h of possible myocardial occurrence. Moreover, isoenzyme CK-MB is not found exclusively in myocardium. For this reason it is better to use the percentage CK-MB activity in the differential diagnosis of myocardial infarction. With 80% of the patients this value is greater than 6% within 36 h of proven myocardial infarction.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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