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  • 1985-1989  (3)
  • Austria  (2)
  • Daucus  (1)
  • 1
    ISSN: 1438-1168
    Keywords: Tantalum ; Niobium ; Titanium ; Columbite ; Rutile ; Mineralogy ; Geochemistry ; Pegmatite ; Austria ; Ostalpen
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Geosciences
    Description / Table of Contents: Zusammenfassung Titan-Ferrocolumbit ist ein seltenes Akzessorium in den Spodumenpegmatiten der Weinebene, Kärnten, Österreich. Er enthält entmischten niobhaltigen Rutil und selten Einschlüsse von möglicherweise primärem Zinnstein. Die Zusammensetzung des TitanFerrocolumbits ist relativ homogen und weist die folgenden Elementverhältnisse auf. Mn/(Mn + Fe) 0,24 – 0,33, Ta/(Ta + Nb) 0,09 – 0,13 (Atomverhältnisse) und 0,47 – 0,88 Ti pro 12 Kationen (2,7 - 5,0Gew.%TiO2). Natürlich auftretende Kristalle sind strukturell merklich ungeordnet und erlangen durch Erhitzen einen höheren Ordnungsgrad. Die Mn/(Mn + Fe) sowie Ta/(Ta + Nb) Verhältnisse des niobhaltigen Rutil betragen 0,00 – 0,04 bzw. 0,26 – 0,38. Der niobhaitige Rutil ist im Vergleich zu Mn- und Nb-führendem Ferrocolumbit an Fe, Ta, Ti und Sn angereichert.—Die Seltenheit von Nb, Ta-Oxiden in den spodumenführenden Pegmatiten der südlichen Ostalpen steht in Übereinstimmung mit ihrer Zugehörigkeit zum Albit-Spodumen Typ der selten-Element-führenden Pegmatite (rare-element pegmatites).
    Notes: Summary Titanian ferrocolumbite is a rare accessory mineral in the spodumene-bearing pegmatites at Weinebene, Carinthia, Austria. It contains abundant exsolved niobian rutile and scarce inclusions of cassiterite that may be primary. The titanian ferrocolumbite is relatively homogeneous with Mn/(Mn + Fe) 0.24–0.33, Ta/(Ta + Nb) 0.09–0.13 (atomic ratios) and 0.47–0.88 Ti per 12 cations (2.7–5.0 wt.% TiO2). Natural specimens are considerably disordered but become more ordered on heating. Niobian rutile has Mn/(Mn + Fe) 0.00–0.04 and Ta/(Ta + Nb) 0.26–0.38; it concentrates Fe, Ta, Ti and Sn relative to the Mn- and Nb-enriched ferrocolumbite. The overall scarcity of Nb, Ta-oxide minerals in the spodumene-bearing pegmatites of southern Ostalpen conforms to their general features ranking them with the albite-spodumene type of rare-element pegmatites.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Mineralogy and petrology 41 (1989), S. 53-63 
    ISSN: 1438-1168
    Keywords: Tantalum ; niobium ; tantalite ; tapiolite ; mineralogy ; geochemistry ; pegmatite ; Ostalpen ; Austria
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Geosciences
    Description / Table of Contents: Zusammenfassung In einem Pegmatit von Spittal a.d. Drau, Kärnten, treten enge Verwachsungen von Ferrotantalit und Ferrotapiolit auf. Diese werden von Muskovit, Albit, Rauchquarz, Zinnstein sowie-in mikroskopischem Masstab-von Uranmikrolith und Zirkon begleitet. Die Textur der Verwachsungen lässt Rekristallisation erheblichen Ausmasses erkennen, die die primären Merkmale weitgehend auslöscht. Weder eine gemeinsame Auskristallisation der beiden Mineralphasen noch eine Bildung durch Entmischung kann mit Sicherheit erkannt werden. Trotz einander kreuzender Verbindungslinien, die einen Hinweis auf Ungleichgewicht darstellen, zeigen die Zusammensetzungen des Ferrotantalits und des Ferrotapiolits lediglich geringe Schwankungsbreiten: Mn/(Mn + Fe) 0,08–0,11, Ta/(Ta + Nb) 0,53–0,57 für den Ferrotantalit beziehungsweise 0,01–0,04 und 0,84–0,89 für den Ferrotapiolit. Dies gilt insbesondere für den Vergleich mit Zusammensetzungen solcher Mineralphasen mit jenen von Fundarten, die primäre Verwachsungstrukturen aufweisen. Bis zu einem gewissen Ausmass ist diese homogene Zusammensetzung möglicherweise auf die Rekristallisation zurück zuführen. Diese Rekristallisation könnte auch den hohen strukturellen Ordnungsgrad der beiden Mineralphasen erklären. An anderen Fundorten zeigen diese Minerale strukturell merklich geringeren Ordnungsgrad. Intensive metamorphe überprägung, wie sie für die Pegmatite in den südlichen Ostalpen und insbesondere für jenen von Spittal typisch sind, kann wahrscheinlich als Ursache der Rekristallisationsphänomene der Ta-Nb-Sn Mineralparagenese angenommen werden.
    Notes: Summary Intimate intergrowths of ferrotantalite and ferrotapiolite occur in a pegmatite in Spittal a.d. Drau, Carinthia. They are associated with muscovite, albite, smoky quartz, cassiterite, and microscopic uranmicrolite, zircon and uraninite. An assemblage of secondary uranium minerals is also present, generated by extensive alteration and leaching of the uranmicrolite and zircon. Textures of the ferrotantalite-ferrotapiolite intergrowths suggest considerable recrystallization that obliterated most of their primary features; neither coprecipitation nor exsolution can be recognized with certainty. Despite intersecting tielines indicating disequilibrium, the ferrotantalite and ferrotapiolite compositions show very restricted ranges (Mn/(Mn + Fe) 0.08–0.11, Ta/(Ta + Nb) 0.53–0.57 for ferrotantalite, and 0.01–0.04, 0.84–0.89 for ferrotapiolite, respectively), particularly in comparison with compositions from other localities featuring primary textures. A degree of compositional equilibration could have been attained during recrystallization. This process may also explain the high level of structural order characterizing both minerals; they are considerably disordered in other localities. Extensive deformation typical of pegmatites in the southern Ostalpen in general, and specifically of the Spittal pegmatite, is probably responsible for the recrystallization phenomena in the Ta, Nb, Sn-bearing mineral assemblage.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 3
    ISSN: 1432-2048
    Keywords: Acer ; Daucus ; Cell culture ; Freeze-fracture (rapid freezing) ; Membrane recycling ; Plasma membrane ; Secretion (vesicle-mediated)
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract Freeze-fracture electron microscopy of propane-jet-frozen samples has been employed to investigate vesicle-mediated secretion and membrane recycling events in carrot (Daucus carota L.) and sycamore maple (Acer pseudoplatanus L.) suspension-culture cells. Stabilization of the cells by means of ultrarapid freezing has enabled us to preserve the cells in a turgid state and to visualize new intermediate membrane configurations related to these events. Indeed, many of the observed membrane configurations, such as flattened membrane vesicles with slit-shaped membrane fusion sites and horseshoe-shaped membrane infoldings, appear to result from the action of turgor forces on the plasma membrane. Individual cells exhibited great variations in numbers and types of membrane configurations postulated to be related to secretion and membrane-recycling events. In the majority of cells, the different membrane profiles displayed a patchy distribution, and within each patch the membrane configurations tended to be of the same stage. This result indicates that secretory events are triggered in domains measuring from 0.1 to about 10 μm in diameter. Based on an extensive analysis of the different membrane configurations seen in our samples, we have formulated the following model of vesicle-mediated secretion in plant cells: Fusion of a secretory vesicle with the plasma membrane leads to the formation of a single, narrow-necked pore that increases in diameter up to about 60 nm. During discharge, the vesicle is flattened, forming a disc-shaped structure perpendicular to the plane of the plasma membrane. As the vesicle is flattened, the pore is converted to a slit, the maximum length of which coincides with the diameter of the flattened vesicle. The flattened vesicle then tips over and concomitantly the plasma-membrane slit becomes curved into a horseshoe-shaped configuration as it extends along the outer margins of the tipped-over vesicle. Some coated pits are present interspersed between the above-mentioned structures, but their numbers appear insufficient to account for an exclusively endocytotic mechanism of membrane recycling. Instead, our micrographs are more consistent with a mixed mode of recycling of membrane components to the cortical endoplamic reticulum and to Golgi cisternae that involves both internalization of membrane by endocytosis and of individual lippid molecules by unknown mechanisms (lipid exchange proteins?). To this end, overall flattening out of the horseshoe-shaped membrane infoldings is accompanied by a retraction and reduction in size of their central, tongue-like structure.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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