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  • 1
    ISSN: 1432-0428
    Keywords: Obese-hyperglycaemic mice ; isolated pancreatic islets ; islet transplantation ; serum glucose ; islet volume ; autoradiography ; islet cell replication ; immunocytochemistry
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary Implantation of allogeneic pancreatic islets encapsulated in Millipore diffusion chambers has been reported to normalize the obese-hyperglycaemic syndrome in mice. In the present study, both young and adult ob/ob mice remained hyperglycaemic and gained weight after intrasplenic implantation of 500 isogeneic islets isolated from lean mice. Such islets normalized the elevated blood-glucose of alloxan-diabetic lean mice. Morphometric analysis of the intrasplenically implanted islets showed that the mean islet volume in the ob/ob mice was five times larger than that of the lean, non-diabetic mice. Immunocytochemical staining of the spleens showed an increased proportion of B-cells in the enlarged, intrasplenic islets in the ob/ob mice. Moreover, autoradiographical examination of these islets demonstrated the presence of several labelled cells. These results suggest that the growth of the implanted “lean” islets is due to extrapancreatic factors which stimulate islet cell replication in the obese-hyperglycaemic mouse.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    ISSN: 1432-0428
    Keywords: Isolated islets of Langerhans ; A2-cells ; B-cells ; glucose oxidation ; fatty acid oxidation ; glucagon.
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Résumé L'oxydation du glucose et des acides gras a été mesurée dans les îlots normaux de Langerhans chez le cobaye, ainsi que dans les îlots riches en cellules A2 du cobaye traité à la streptozotocine. Le taux d'oxydation de ces composés dans les cellules A2 et les cellules B du cobaye a été estimé. Dans les cellules B, l'oxydation du glucose et de l'acide octanoique a fortement répondu à des changements dans les taux extra-cellulaires de ces substrats. L'acide palmitique ne semble pas avoir été oxydé par les cellules B. Au contraire, l'oxydation de l'acide octanoique et de l'acide palmitique dans les cellules A2 était très sensible aux changements dans la concentration des acides gras extra-cellulaires. La sensibilité de l'oxydation du glucose envers les changements dans la concentration du glucose était comparativement faible. Le taux élevé de l'oxydation des acides gras dans les cellules A2 corrobore l'hypothèse que le degré du métabolisme des acides gras dans ces cellules joue un rôle important dans la régulation de la sécrétion du glucagon.
    Abstract: Zusammenfassung An normalen Langerhansschen Inseln vom Meerschweinchen und an mit A2-Zellen angereicherten Inseln von streptozotozin-behandelten Meerschweinchen wurde die Oxidation von Glucose und Fettsäuren gemessen und die Oxidationsrate in A2-Zellen und B-Zellen des Meerschweinchens bestimmt. In den B-Zellen hing die Oxidation von Glucose und Octansäure stark von den Änderungen der extracellulären Konzentrationen dieser Substanzen ab. Palmitinsäure schien in den B-Zellen nicht oxidiert zu werden. Dagegen war die Oxidation von Oktansäure und Palmitinsäure in den A2-Zellen sehr von den Schwankungen der extracellulären Fettsäurekonzentration abhängig. Die Änderung der Glucoseoxidation bei Schwankungen der Glucosekonzentration war im Verhältnis dazu gering. Die hohe Oxidationsrate der Fettsäuren in den A2-Zellen unterstützt die Theorie, daß der Fettsäuremetabolismus dieser Zellen eine wesentliche Rolle in der Regulierung der Glucose-sekretion spielt.
    Notes: Summary Glucose and fatty acid oxidation has been measured in normal guinea-pig islets of Langerhans, and in A2-cell rich islets from streptozotocin-treated guinea-pigs. The rate of oxidation of these compounds in guinea-pig A2-cells and B-cells has been estimated. In the B-cells, the oxidation of glucose and octanoic acid responded markedly to changes in the extracellular levels of these substrates. Palmitic acid did not appear to be oxidized by the B-cells. In contrast, the oxidation of octanoic acid and palmitic acid in the A2-cells was very sensitive to changes in the extracellular fatty acid concentration. The sensitivity of glucose oxidation to changes in the glucose concentration was small by comparison. The high rate of oxidation of fatty acids in the A2-cells supports the view that the rate of fatty acid metabolism in these cells plays an important role in the regulation of glucagon release.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 3
    ISSN: 1432-0428
    Keywords: Mouse panreatic islets ; islet transplantation ; implantation sites ; autoradiography ; labelling index ; islet cell replication
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary In order to investigate the importance of the transplantation site for the replication of grafted islet cells, we implanted syngeneic mouse pancreatic islets intrasplenically, intraportally and subcapsularly in the kidney. Fourteen days later the alloxan-diabetic mice were killed after an injection of tritiated thymidine, and the graft-bearing organs fixed and autoradiography. The highest labelling indices were recorded for subcapsularly grafted islets, followed by intraportal and intrasplenic islets in that order. In separate experiments some islet-containing kidney sections were immune stained for insulin before the autoradiographic process. The labelling index of the insulin-positive cells was as high as in the entire islet cell population of the sections from the same mice stained with haematoxylin only. This indicates that the B cells of the islets replicate as often as the other islet cell types. The present data also suggest that the renal subcapsular space offers better growth conditions for transplanted islet cells than the liver or spleen.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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