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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Intensive care medicine 22 (1996), S. 1406-1409 
    ISSN: 1432-1238
    Keywords: Keywords Respiratory failure ; Mitochondrial myopathy ; Acid maltase deficiency ; Intermittent positive pressure ventilation ; Carnitine palmitoyl transferase deficiency
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract   Objective: To describe how patients cope with the propos-al of treatment with intermittent artificial ventilation after acute respiratory failure due to progressive respiratory muscle weakness. Design: Case series, follow-up study. Setting: Neurological intensive care unit (ICU). Patients: 7 consecutive patients with metabolic myopathy treated for acute respiratory failure between 1983 and 1992. interventions: Intermittent positive pressure ventilation (IPPV) via tracheostomy. Measurements and results: Symptoms of chronic hypoventilation preceded acute respiratory failure for months. With one exception, patients were mainly disabled from respiratory muscle weakness and sleep-related breathing disorders. IPPV was recommended to prevent recurrent respiratory failure. Two of 28.8nthree patients who accepted home IPPV returned to full-time jobs. One patient, who decided against IPPV, died from CO2 narcosis several months after discharge. All patients adhered to the respiratory regimen once instituted. Conclusions: Acute respiratory failure in chronic myopathy is heralded by daytime drowsiness. IPPV, or at least regular monitoring of waking and sleeping partial pressure of carbon dioxide, is highly recommended even if weaning is successful. IPPV improved quality of life. The treatment strategy at discharge from the ICU should be optimal, as patients are reluctant to modify regimens.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Intensive care medicine 22 (1996), S. 1406-1409 
    ISSN: 1432-1238
    Keywords: Respiratory failure ; Mitochondrial myopathy ; Acid maltase deficiency ; Intermittent positive pressure ventilation ; Carnitine palmitoyl transferase deficiency
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Objective To describe how patients cope with the proposal of treatment with intermittent artificial ventilation after acute respiratory failure due to progressive respiratory muscle weakness. Design Case series, follow-up study. Setting Neurological intensive care unit (ICU). Patients 7 consecutive patients with metabolic myopathy treated for acute respiratory failure between 1983 and 1992. Interventions Intermittent positive pressure ventilation (IPPV) via tracheostomy. Measurements and results Symptoms of chronic hypoventilation preceded acute respiratory failure for months. With one exception, patients were mainly disabled from respiratory muscle weakness and sleep-related breathing disorders. IPPV was recommended to prevent recurrent respiratory failure. Two of three patients who accepted home IPPV returned to full-time jobs. One patient, who decided against IPPV, died from CO2 narcosis several months after discharge. All patients adhered to the respiratory regimen once instituted. Conclusions Acute respiratory failure in chronic myopathy is heralded by daytime drowsiness. IPPV, or at least regular monitoring of waking and sleeping partial pressure of carbon dioxide, is highly recommended even if weaning is successful. IPPV improved quality of life. The treatment strategy at discharge from the ICU should be optimal, as patients are reluctant to modify regimens.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Der Nervenarzt 70 (1999), S. 136-148 
    ISSN: 1433-0407
    Keywords: Schlüsselwörter Guillain-Barré-Syndrom ; Autonomes Nervensystem ; Barorezeptorreflex ; Katecholamine ; Key words Guillain- Barré syndrome ; Autonomous nervous system ; Baroreceptor reflex ; catecholamines
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Summary About 20% of all GBS patients have symptoms of dysautonomia: labile hypertension, orthostatic hypotension, sinustachycardia or sinus arrest. This rate rises to 75% in patients with tetraplegia. Proprioceptive loss predicts dysautonomia independently from the severity of weakness. It is frequently responsible for dysautonomia. The afferent limb of cardiovascular regulation contains more myelinated fibers than the sympathetic and parasympathetic efferences, which determine the common classification of dysautonomia. The frequence of mixed sympathetic and parasympathetic hyperactivity is hard to ex- plain by efferent lesions. Afferent conduction block releases the sympathetic efference of the baroreceptor reflex. The resulting cate- cholamine excess explains hypertension, tachycardia, ECG-changes and hyperglycemia. Norepinephrine sensitizes left ventricular stretch receptors. They induce cardiovascular depression and neurocardiogenic syncope which has a temporal behaviour similar to the blood pressure variations of GBS. Conduction block of sinoatrial stretch receptors causes inappropriate secretion of ADH and renin. Disbalance between myelinated and unmyelinated afferents which decrease and increase heart rate may cause parasympathetic hyperactivity, as exemplified by pulmonary stretch receptors that are stimulated by artificial ventilation. Wrong afferent feedback is responsible for many cardiovascular instabilities in GBS. Blockade of misguided efferent reactions is an attractive therapeutical approach.
    Notes: Zusammenfassung Bei GBS-Patienten mit Tetraplegie oder propriozeptiven Ausfällen sind vegetative Störungen häufig und nicht selten bedrohlich. Je nach verwendetem Grenzwert und abhängig von der Patientenauswahl haben 20–75% der Patienten supraventrikuläre Tachykardien. Ventrikuläre Tachykardien sind seltener vital bedrohlich als Bradykardien, die spontan und nach verschiedenen thorakalen und orofazialen Reizen auftreten können. Etwa jeder fünfte Patient ist dauerhafter hyperton. Typisch sind bizarr schwankende Blutdruckwerte. Seltener stehen Blutdruckabfälle im Vordergrund. Afferente Konduktionsblöcke entzügeln diverse Efferenzen. So kommt es bei Ausfall sinoatrialer Dehnungsafferenzen zur unangemessenen ADH- und Reninausschüttung. Afferente Störungen des Barorezeptorreflexes verursachen Katecholaminexzesse, die zu Hypertonus, Tachykardie, EKG-Veränderungen und Hyperglykämie führen. Außerdem steigern sie die Empfindlichkeit unmyeliniserter linksventrikulärer Dehnungsrezeptoren, die kardio- und vasodepressorisch wirken und zur Blutdrucklabilität beitragen. Intakt gebliebene unmyelinisierte Afferenzen vermitteln nicht selten bradykarde Reaktionen, v.a. wenn das Gegengewicht tachykard wirkender myelinisierter Afferenzen verloren gegangen ist. Ein Beispiel sind hochschwellige unmyelinisierte pulmonale Dehnungsafferenzen, die bei der Seufzerbeatmung stimuliert werden. Die Kenntnis der klinischen Risikofaktoren Tetraplegie und gestörte Propriozeption, des wichtigsten Dysautonomieindikators Blutdrucklabilität und die Anwendung vegetativer Funktionstests helfen, bedrohte Patienten zu erkennen, die kardial überwacht werden müssen. Angesichts der häufigen afferenten Fehlmeldungen ist eine sympathische und parasympathische Blockade unter Schrittmacherbereitschaft zu erwägen.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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