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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Deactivation of immobilized beef liver catalase by hydrogen peroxide (1974)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biotechnology and Bioengineering 16 (1974), S. 1659-1673 
    Details
    ISSN: 0006-3592
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Biochemistry and Biotechnology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: Immobilized beef liver catalase has been used in a flow reactor to decompose hydrogen peroxide; at the same time the catalase is inactivated by its substrate. A model has been developed which predicts this rate of decomposition of peroxide and inactivation of catalase. First order dependence on peroxide concentration is assumed. The model was verified by experiment for a range of operating conditions and then used to predict the effects of a change in operating variables.
    Additional Material: 7 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/bit.260161208
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Coprecipitation of acid cheese whey and tannery waste and recovery of protein (1978)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biotechnology and Bioengineering 20 (1978), S. 589-599 
    Details
    ISSN: 0006-3592
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Biochemistry and Biotechnology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: Combining acid cottage cheese whey and the lime-sulfide effluent from tannery unhairing processes spontaneously coprecipitates the whey proteins with the large peptides and proteins of the tannery waste. The floculation of the denatured protein material also carries down the hide pigments, excess lime, and the casein fines from the whey. The clear supernatant contains lactose, sulfur in various states of oxidation, free amino acids, peptides, and ammonium salts, but no detectable macromolecular proteins. The recovered solid products, which contain more than 20% of the original nitrogen, appear to have a good balance of essential amino acids although actual composition varies with the composition of the raw wastes. Feed supplements may possibly by obtained by this method from two presently wasted industrial effluents.
    Additional Material: 2 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/bit.260200410
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Effect of centrifugation on the viability of Burkitt lymphoma cellsContribution No. 1126 from the Department of Nutrition and Food Science, Massachusetts Institute of Technology. Presented at the 154th National Meeting of the American Chemical Society, Chicago, Illinois, September 10-15, 1967. (1968)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biotechnology and Bioengineering 10 (1968), S. 641-649 
    Details
    ISSN: 0006-3592
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Biochemistry and Biotechnology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: This study reports some findings on the effects of centrifugation on the viability of mammalian cells. The authors used Burkitt lymphoma cells cultivated in a synthetic medium containing 10% fetal calf serum for all experiments. Batch centrifugations were conducted in a RC2-B centrifuge (Ivan Sorvall, Incorporated, Norwalk, Connecticut USA) operated at 0 and 25°C. During centrifugation we exposed the cells to gravitational fields ranging from 24,800 to 42.200g. The results showed that at, 0°C and 25,800 or 42,000g no loss in cell viability occurred for up to 90 min exposures in the centrifugal field. However, at 25°C and for gravitational fields of 24,800 and 42,000g, there were appreciable losses in cell viability. Continuous centrifugation studies in the Sharples supercentrifuge (Division of Penn Salt Corporation, Warminister, Pennsylvania USA) were also conducted with bowl speeds up to 28,000 rpm (19,000g) and flow rates ranging from 1.4 to 20 1, hr. Slight, losses in cell viability were noted and postulated as caused by the shear stresses encountered by the cells. Some pumping studies using the lymphoma cells substantiate this conclusion.
    Additional Material: 4 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/bit.260100509
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Subunit assembly and metabolic stability of E. coli RNA polymeraseThis is paper No. 10 in the series entitled “Subunit of RNA polymerase in Function and Structure.” Paper No. 9 is ref. 65. (1987)
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Proteins: Structure, Function, and Genetics 2 (1987), S. 42-53 
    Details
    ISSN: 0887-3585
    Keywords: proteolytic cleavage ; immunological cross-reaction ; amber fragment ; temperature-sensitive mutant ; stationary growth-phase ; Chemistry ; Biochemistry and Biotechnology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Immunological cross-reaction was employed for identification of proteolytic fragments of E. coli RNA polymerase genered both in vitro and in vivo. Several species of partially denatured but assembled RNA polymerase were isolated, which were composed of fragments of the two large subunits, β and β′, and the two small and intact subunits, α and σ. Comparison of the rate and pathway of proteolytic cleavage in vitro of unassembled subunits, subassemblies, and intact enzymes indicated that the susceptibility of RNA polymerase subunits to proteolytic degradation was dependent on the assembly state.Using this method, degradation in vivo was found for some, but not all, of the amber fragments of β subunit in merodiploid cells carrying both wild-type and mutant rpoB genes. Although the RNA polymerase is a metabolically stable component in exponentially growing cells of E. coli, degradation of the full-sized subunits was found in two cases, i.e., several temperature-sensitive E. coli mutants with a defect in the assembly of RNA polymerase and the stationary-phase cells of a wild-type E. coli. The in vivo degradation of RNA polymerase was indicated to be initiated by alteration of the enzyme structure.
    Additional Material: 9 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/prot.340020106
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Computer analysis of mutations that affect antibody specificity (1990)
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Proteins: Structure, Function, and Genetics 7 (1990), S. 93-98 
    Details
    ISSN: 0887-3585
    Keywords: protein conformation ; CONGEN ; immunoglobulin ; hydrogen bond ; digoxin ; Chemistry ; Biochemistry and Biotechnology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: The mouse hybridoma cell line 40-150 scretes antibodies with high affinity towards the cardiac glycosides digoxin and digitoxin. A spontaneous mutant, 40-150 A2.4, produces and antibody which carries a single residue mutation, Ser → Arg, in its heavy chain (H94) and has an altered specificity. A second order mutant 40-150 A2.4 P.10, produces two antibody molecules, one the same as 40-150 A2.4, the other lacking two residues at the N-terminus of its H chain, and having a specificity profile approaching that of 40-150 antibody. 1 The N-terminus and the position H94 are distant from the antigen-binding site of the antibody; thus, the structural basic of the specificity changes was not immediately clear. Approximate structures of the 40-150 antibody and its mutants were constructed in the computer, based on atomic coordinates of the homologous mouse antibody McPC 603. Using the program OCNGEN, the torsional space of the polypeptide backbone and side chains around position H94 was uniformly sampled, and the lowest energy conformations were analyzed in detail. The results indicate that when Arg-H94 is substituted for Ser. Agr-H94 can hydrogen bond to side chains of Asp-H101, Arg-L46, and Asp-L55. The results in a change in the surface of the combining site which may account for the affinity changes. Deletion of the two N-terminal residues increases solvent accessibility of Arg-H94. The solvation may cause a hydrogen bond between Arg-H94 and Asp-H101 to be lost, restoring the structure to one similar to that of 40-150.
    Additional Material: 2 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/prot.340070109
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Plasma-membrane-Bound mcromoleculas are dynamically aggregated to form non-random codistribution patterns of selected functional elements. Do pattern recognition processes govern antigen presentation and intercellular interactions? (1995)
    Chicester [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Molecular Recognition 8 (1995), S. 237-246 
    Details
    ISSN: 0952-3499
    Keywords: cell surface ; molecular pattern ; energy transfer ; fluorescence ; flow cytometry ; transmembrane potential ; intercellular communication ; MHC ; antigen presentation ; intercellular communication ; Chemistry ; Biochemistry and Biotechnology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Molecular recognition processes between cell surface elements are discussed with special reference to cell surface pattern formation of membrane-bound integral proteins. The existence, as detected by flow cytometric resonance energy transfer (Appendix), and significance of cell surface patterns involving the interleukin-2 receptor, the T-cell receptor-CD3 system, the intercellular adhesion molecule ICAM-1, and the major histocompatilibilty complex class I and II molecules in the plasma membrane of lymphocytes are described. The modulation of antigen presentation by transmembrane potential changes is discussed, and a general role of transmembrane potential changes, and therefore of icon channel activities, adduced as one of the major regulatory mechanisms of cell-cell communications. A general role in the mediation and regulation of intercellular interactions is suggested for cell-surface macromolecular patterns. The dynamic pattern of protein and lipid molecules in the plasma membrane is generated by the genetic code, but has a remarkable flexibility and may be one of the major instruments of accomodation and recognition processes at the cellular level.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jmr.300080402
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Genetic studies of human apolipoproteins: XIV. A simple agarose isoelectric focusing gel method for apolipoprotein E phenotyping (1990)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Electrophoresis 11 (1990), S. 314-318 
    Details
    ISSN: 0173-0835
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Biochemistry and Biotechnology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: A new and simplified procedure is described for apolipoprotein E (APO E) phenotyping from native plasma or serum samples. Diluted or dialyzed samples are separated on agarose isoelectric focusing gels followed by protein blotting on nitrocellulose membranes. APO E banding patterns are localized immunologically using polyclonal goat anti-APO E antiserum as the primary antibody and rabbit anti-goat IgG conjugated with alkaline phosphatase as the secondary antibody. The method was used in parallel with our previously described polyacrylamide gel system to screen 110 unrelated and healthy US whites. Both gel systems gave identical APO E phenotypes, and allele frequencies were comparable with reported US white values. This simplified method can be used on a large number of population and clinical samples with minimum cost and effort.
    Additional Material: 3 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/elps.1150110408
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Genetic studies of human apolipoproteins. II. A rapid one-dimensional isoelectric focusing technique to characterize apolipoproteins A-I, A-II, A-IV and C-II of unfractionated plasma (1987)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Electrophoresis 8 (1987), S. 355-358 
    Details
    ISSN: 0173-0835
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Biochemistry and Biotechnology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: A simple and rapid one-dimensional analytical isoelectric focusing method followed by immunoblotting is described which detects genetic and biochemical variation in apolipoproteins A-I, A-II, A-IV and C-II without prior ultracentrifugation and delipidation of plasma samples. A polipoproteins separated on an isoelectric focusing gel are sequentially transferred to two nitrocellulose membranes and pairs of apolipoproteins are identified on each membrane by immunological reactions. The specificity of the primary antibody and the sensitivity gained by use of a second, alkaline phosphatase conjugated anti-IgG allows the detection of free apolipoproteins in serum or plasma. A pH gradient 4-6.5 is suitable to identify the four apoproteins tested from a single gel and there is little loss of isoprotein resolution in sequential blots. Only 2 μL of whole plasma is required and results on 50 samples can be obtained from a single horizontal gel within one day.
    Additional Material: 2 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/elps.1150080805
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Genetic studies of low-abundance human plasma proteins: X. Coagulation factor XIIIB variants in blacks (1989)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Electrophoresis 10 (1989), S. 53-57 
    Details
    ISSN: 0173-0835
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Biochemistry and Biotechnology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Human coagulation factor XIIIV (F XIIIB) demonstrates genetically determined-structural variation with three common and several rare alleles. Population genetics studies reveal enormous intra and interracial group variation. In the present study, using isoelectric focusing and immunoblotting, we have determined for the first time the polymorphic occurrence of F XIIIB allelic forms in a native African population, namely Nigerian Blacks. In addition, F XIIIB data have been extended to various US Black populations. The characteristic feature of the black gene pool is the relative high frequency of the F XIIIB*2 allele, the highest being in Nigerians (0.723). The F XIIIB*6 allele is present at a polymorphic level in both the US and Nigerian Blacks and appears to be a unique black allele marker. The present technique has demontrated several new alleles designated: F XIIIB* 18, F XIIIB*22, F XIIIB*23 and F XIIIB*24. Among these new alleles the F XIIIB*23 exists at polymorphic level in both the US and Nigerian Blacks and is another unique Black allele marker of potential significance in population genetics studies.
    Additional Material: 4 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/elps.1150100113
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Intra- and inter-population diversity at short tandem repeat loci in diverse populations of the world (1995)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Electrophoresis 16 (1995), S. 1659-1664 
    Details
    ISSN: 0173-0835
    Keywords: Short tandem repeat loci ; Forensics ; Gene diversity ; Population genetics ; Genetic distance ; Chemistry ; Biochemistry and Biotechnology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: To study the level of intra- and inter-population variation at hypervariable DNA loci, we have characterized 15 human populations of diverse ethnic and geographic origins at six short tandem repeat loci by using the polymerase chain reaction. Even though the spectrum of allelic variation is quite broad and there are substantial differences in allele frequency distributions among populations, in general, populations within a major racial group show a greater degree of similarity. This observation is reflected in the analysis of gene diversity. When the total diversity is apportioned, the maximum variation becomes attributable to inter-individual differences within a population; of the variation that is attributable to differences between populations within a racial group and differences between racial groups, the former is smaller than the latter. Separate analysis of gene diversity for each of the major population groups based on geographic and ethnic relationship shows that the total gene diversity is higher for the larger racial groups, namely, African, Caucasian and Mongoloid, than the American Indians and the Pacific Islanders. As expected, a reciprocal relationship between gene diversity and FST levels is observed. Higher values of FST in the American Indian and the Pacific Islanders may reflect smaller population size and a higher level of isolation. An analysis of genetic distance encompassing the populations belonging to the three major racial groups recognizes three distinct clusters - all the populations of African affiliation cluster together, as do the Caucasian affiliated and the Mongoloid groups, in two distinct clusters. Interestingly, three broadly classified cosmopolitan US populations, namely, US White, US Black and US Asian, cluster with their ancestrally related populations. This study dispels some of the concerns regarding the applicability of DNA typing data for forensic use.
    Additional Material: 3 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/elps.11501601275
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