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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Neutrophil dysfunction in end-stage renal failure: reduced response to priming by C5a (1994)
    Springer
    Journal of molecular medicine 72 (1994), S. 353-357 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1440
    Keywords: Signal transduction ; C5a priming ; Superoxide production ; Phosphatidylinositol-4,5-bisphosphate ; Uremia
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract We studied the effect of C5a pretreatment on phosphatidyl-inositol-4,5-bisphosphate (PIP2) hydrolysis and on the increase in peak and resting cytosolic calcium levels induced by C5a (0.1 and 10 nM) and/or N-formyl hexapeptide (FLPEP; 10 nM) in neutrophils isolated from patients with end-stage renal failure (ESRF) and those from healthy controls. We also investigated superoxide anion production under the same conditions using the fluorescent para-hydroxyphenylacetic acid assay. The hydrolysis of PIP2 induced by C5a or FLPEP alone was similar in neutrophils from patients with ESRF and in control cells. Likewise, pretreatment of patients' neutrophils with C5a prior to FLPEP did not affect hydrolysis or the increase in cytosolic calcium concentration as shown previously for control neutrophils. Resting calcium levels in both ESRF and control neutrophils, however, were significantly increased after priming with low C5a concentrations. After priming with low C5a, prior to FLPEP, there was also a significant increase in superoxide production. This increase was significantly lower in cells from uremic patients than in those from healthy controls. Our data suggest that priming-induced superoxide production in neutrophils is reduced in patients with ESRF.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00252827
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Differential stability in non-Lipschitzian optimization (1992)
    Springer
    Journal of optimization theory and applications 73 (1992), S. 101-120 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-2878
    Keywords: Marginal function ; differential stability ; generalized gradients ; tangent cones ; exact penalty functions ; constraint qualifications
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mathematics
    Notes: Abstract In this paper, upper and lower bounds are established for the Dini directional derivatives of the marginal function of an inequality-constrained mathematical program with right-hand-side perturbations. A nonsmooth analogue of the Cottle constraint qualification is assumed, but the objective and constraint functions are not assumed to be differentiable, convex, or locally Lipschitzian. Our upper bound sharpens previous results from the locally Lipschitzian case by means of a subgradient smaller than the Clarke generalized gradient. Examples demonstrate, however, that a corresponding strengthening of the lower bound is not possible. Corollaries of this work include general criteria for exactness of penalty functions as well as information on the relationship between calmness and other constraint qualifications in nonsmooth optimization.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00940081
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Characterizations of strict local minima and necessary conditions for weak sharp minima (1994)
    Springer
    Journal of optimization theory and applications 80 (1994), S. 551-571 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-2878
    Keywords: Strict local minimizers of orderm ; optimality conditions ; C 1,1 functions ; tangent cones ; weak sharp local minimizers
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mathematics
    Notes: Abstract In nonlinear programming, sufficient conditions of orderm usually identify a special type of local minimizer, here termed a strict local minimizer of orderm. In this paper, it is demonstrated that, if a constraint qualification is satisfied, standard sufficient conditions often characterize this special sort of minimizer. The first- and second-order cases are treated in detail. Necessary conditions for weak sharp local minima of orderm, a larger class of local minima, are also presented.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02207780
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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