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  • Polymer and Materials Science  (17)
  • Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy  (8)
  • Carotid body  (3)
  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Effects of acidic stimuli on intracellular calcium in isolated type I cells of the neonatal rat carotid body (1993)
    Springer
    Pflügers Archiv 425 (1993), S. 22-27 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2013
    Keywords: Carotid body ; Chemoreceptor ; Intracellular calcium ; Intracellular pH ; Extracellular pH ; Acidosis ; Hypercapnia
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract We have investigated the effects of acidic stimuli upon [Ca2+]i in isolated carotid body type I cells from the neonatal rat using indo-1 (AM-loaded). Under normocapnic, non-hypoxic conditions (23 mM HCO3 −, 5% CO2 in air, pHo=7.4), the mean [Ca2+]i for single cells was 102±5.0 nM (SEM, n=55) with 58% of cells showing sporadic [Ca2+]i fluctuations. A hypercapnic acidosis (increase in CO2 to 10%–20% at constant HCO3 −, pHo 7.15–6.85), an isohydric hypercapnia (increase in CO2 to 10% at constant pHo=7.4) and an isocapnic acidosis (pHo=7.0, constant CO2) all increased [Ca2+]i in single cells and cell clusters. The averaged [Ca2+]i response to both hypercapnic acidosis and isohydric hypercapnia displayed a rapid rise followed by a secondary decline. The averaged [Ca2+]i response to isocapnic acidosis displayed a slower rise and little secondary decline. The rise of [Ca2+]i in response to all the above stimuli can be attributed to no single factor other than to a fall of pHi. The hypercapnia-induced rise of [Ca2+]i was almost completely abolished in Ca2+-free solution, suggesting a role for Ca2+ influx in triggering and/or sustaining the [Ca2+]i response. These results are consistent with a role for type I cell [Ca2+]i in mediating pH/PCO2 chemoreception.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00374499
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Assessment of evidence for K+-H+ exchange in isolated type-1 cells of neonatal rat carotid body (1997)
    Springer
    Pflügers Archiv 434 (1997), S. 429-437 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2013
    Keywords: Key words pHi ; SNARF ; Carotid body ; Type-1 cell ; Potassium-hydrogen exchange ; K+-H+ exchanger (KHE) ; Nigericin
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract  Intracellular pH (pHi) was measured in enzymically isolated, neonatal rat carotid body type-1 cells, using the fluorophore carboxy-SNARF-1 (AM-loaded), and using the nigericin technique for in situ fluorescence calibration (nigericin is a membrane-soluble K+-H+ exchanger). In CO2/HCO3 –-free media, inhibiting Na+-H+ exchange produced a prompt fall of pHi (background acid-loading), the rate of which was reduced by raising the extracellular K+ concentration, [K+]o. pHi recovery from an intracellular acid or alkali load was also sensitive to changes of [K+]o. These results are similar to those of Wilding et al. (J Gen Physiol 100:593–608, 1992), who proposed the existence of an acid-loading, K+-H+ exchanger (KHE) in the type-1 cell. However, when nigericin was not used for post-experimental calibration, and the superfusion system was flushed exhaustively with strong detergent, alcohol and distilled water, then background acid-loading was attenuated, and the K+ o sensitivity of pHi insignificant. Background loading was increased again, and K+ o sensitivity restored, when cells were monitored in a superfusion system which had previously been exposed to a single nigericin-calibration protocol (followed by a short system wash with strong detergent and distilled water). We conclude that the previously reported expression of KHE in carotid body type-1 cells is an artefact caused by nigericin contamination. We have therefore quantified the pHi dependence of background loading in uncontaminated type-1 cells. We consider the possible implications of our work for reports of KHE in other cell types.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s004240050417
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Application of a new pH-sensitive fluoroprobe (carboxy-SNARF-1) for intracellular pH measurement in small, isolated cells (1990)
    Springer
    Pflügers Archiv 417 (1990), S. 234-239 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2013
    Keywords: Intracellular pH ; SNARF-1 ; Carotid body
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract We report the use of a new pH-sensitive dualemission fluoroprobe, carboxy-seminaphthorhodafluor-1 (carboxy-SNARF-1) for ratiometric recording of intracellular pH (pHi) in small isolated cells. The method is illustrated with pHi measurement in single type-1 cells (cell diameter ∼10 μm) isolated from the carotid body of the neonatal rat. Carboxy-SNARF-1 is loaded using bath application of the acetoxymethyl ester. When excited at 540 nm, the fluoroprobe gives strong, inversely related emission signals at 590 nm and 640 nm. Stable ratiometric recordings of pHi can be achieved from a single cell (pHi 8.5-6.5) for up to 50 min. Photobleaching of the probe is minimised by illuminating at relatively low light intensity (50 W xenon lamp with 0.2% transmission neutral density filter). The probe can be calibrated in situ using the nigericin technique and this is in good quantitative agreement with the independent null-point technique (extracellular weak acid/weak base application) of Eisner et al. (1989). This fluoroprobe offers certain advantages over the other commonly used probe for pHi 2′,7′-bis-(2-carboxyethyl)-5(and -6)-carboxyfluorescein (BCECF): (i) because of its two strong pH-sensitive peak emissions, SNARF displays a good signal-to-noise ratio for ratiometric recording at low light intensities; (ii) unlike BCECF, the dual emisson of SNARF requires no sequential mechanical switching of excitation filters, thus simplifying the epifluorescence set-up; (iii) because carboxy-SNARF-1 emission signals are at the yellow/red end of the visible spectrum, fluorescent drugs like amiloride, ethyl-isopropyl-amibride (EIPA), 4,4′-diisothiocyanostilbene 2,2′-disulphonic acid (DIDS) and cinnamate analogues do not interfere with the pHi recording, even when used at high concentrations.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00370705
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Determination of trimellitic anhydride in workplace air using reverse phase high performance liquid chromatography (1986)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of High Resolution Chromatography 9 (1986), S. 308-309 
    Details
    ISSN: 0935-6304
    Keywords: High performance liquid chromatography, HPLC ; Reverse phase ; Internal standard ; Trimellitic anhydride ; Air sample ; Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Additional Material: 2 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jhrc.1240090516
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Separation of some nitronaphthalenes by HPLC (1983)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of High Resolution Chromatography 6 (1983), S. 625-625 
    Details
    ISSN: 0935-6304
    Keywords: Liquid chromatography, HPLC ; Nitronaphthalenes ; Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Additional Material: 1 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jhrc.1240061109
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Laser mass spectrometry of polydeoxyribothymidylic acid mixtures (1993)
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Rapid Communications in Mass Spectrometry 7 (1993), S. 63-66 
    Details
    ISSN: 0951-4198
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization mass spectrometry has been used to mass analyze synthetic oligomers of poly-T ranging in size from 20 to 100 nucleotides. Both positively- and negatively-charged parent molecular ions were observed.
    Additional Material: 9 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/rcm.1290070115
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Laser mass spectrometry of oligonucleotides with isomer matrices (1993)
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Rapid Communications in Mass Spectrometry 7 (1993), S. 435-439 
    Details
    ISSN: 0951-4198
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Various isomer matrices were used for laser-desorption ionization of mixtures of oligomers. It was found that the efficiency of production of oligomer ions changed drastically when different isomers were used as matrices. For selected matrix materials, parent oligomer ions with sizes up to 64 bases were observed.
    Additional Material: 13 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/rcm.1290070606
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Transport properties in polymers, edited by J. Stastna and D. de Kee. Technomic Publishing, Basle, Switzerland, 1995. pp. viii + 303, price SFr162.00. ISBN 1-56676-282-0 (1996)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Polymer International 39 (1996), S. 271-271 
    Details
    ISSN: 0959-8103
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/pi.1996.210390315
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    A study of the transport properties of acetylene through a highly oriented polyethylene fiber (1992)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Applied Polymer Science 45 (1992), S. 819-826 
    Details
    ISSN: 0021-8995
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: The transport properties of acetylene in a high modulus polyethylene fiber have been studied in detail over the temperature range of 25 to 65°C. Diffusion coefficients for the fiber are about four orders of magnitude lower than values cited for isotropic high density polyethylene. In keeping with this, a much higher apparent activation energy of diffusion (ca. 80.64 ± 0.53 kJ mol-1) was found. The solubility of acetylene in the fiber (ca. 0.158 cm3 C2H2 STP/cm3 PE @ 76 cm Hg), is lower, but of the same order of magnitude as that expected for isotropic polyethylene. The apparent heat of solution was determined, within experimental limits, to be zero. It is concluded that the acetylene is neither chemically nor physically absorbed onto the fiber, but freely diffuses, according to Fick's law, through the amorphous regions of the polymer.
    Additional Material: 6 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/app.1992.070450508
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    A theoretical study of liquid-film spread heights in the calendering of newtonian and power law fluids (1970)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Applied Polymer Science 14 (1970), S. 2771-2784 
    Details
    ISSN: 0021-8995
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: The relationship between spread height and upstream reservoir thickness, with power low coefficient as parameter, was obtained analytically. At all values of n studied, the value of r (ratio of spread height to nip width) increases with increasing values of H/ho where H is upstream reservoir thickness and ho is nip width. At higher values of H/ho, the curves of r, versus H/ho tend to “flatten” out, and r approaches an asymptotic value. For example, the asymptotic value of r for Newtonian fluids (power law constant of 1) is 1.226. Asymptotic values of r increase with decreasing values of the power law constant.
    Additional Material: 8 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/app.1970.070141111
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