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  • Cell & Developmental Biology  (4)
  • Mineralization  (2)
  • Bone proteins  (1)
  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Influence of magnesium depletion on matrix-induced endochondral bone formation (1979)
    Springer
    Calcified tissue international 29 (1979), S. 15-20 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0827
    Keywords: Alkaline phosphatase ; 45Ca incorporation ; Mineralization ; Bone marrow
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine , Physics
    Notes: Summary The effect of magnesium deficiency on bone cell differentiation and bone formation was investigated using in vivo matrix-induced endochondral ossification as a test system. Demineralized bone matrix was implanted subcutaneously in young (35-day-old) male Long-Evans rats that had been fed a semisynthetic Mg-deficient diet (50 ppm Mg) for 7 days. Plasma Mg levels were reduced to 25–30% of control values at that time. Control rats were pairfed the same diet, supplemented to contain 1000 ppm Mg. The implants were harvested 7, 9, 11, 15, and 20 days after implantation and analyzed for Mg and Ca content,45Ca incorporation, and alkaline phosphatase levels. At each stage, plaques (implants) removed from Mg-deficient rats showed retardation in cartilage and bone differentiation and matrix calcification. Magnesium content was markedly reduced when compared to the control plaques. Histological appearance of the matrix-induced plaques confirmed the retardation in bone development and mineralization suggested by the chemical indicators. Most marked was the virtual absence of bone marrow in 20-day-old plaques in Mg-depleted rats. These data show that bone cell differentiation can occur in a severely Mg-depleted environment, although the onset of mineralization and bone remodeling was delayed and bone marrow differentiation was impaired.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02408050
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Changes in lipids during matrix: Induced endochondral bone formation (1983)
    Springer
    Calcified tissue international 35 (1983), S. 549-554 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0827
    Keywords: Endochondral ossification ; Acidic phospholipids ; Mineralization ; Bone induction
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine , Physics
    Notes: Summary The changes in lipids occurring during the process of endochondral ossification have been characterized by studying the discrete phases of matrix-induced endochondral bone formation in the rat. Calcium-acidic phospholipid-phosphate complexes were shown to increase in concentration during cartilage calcification (day 9) and to peak in content during early bone formation (day 11–13), the times during which the rate of mineral deposition, as indicated by the change in ash weight was greatest. These data support the hypothesis that the calcium-acidic phospholipid-phosphate complexes play a role in thein vivo initiation of hydroxyapatite deposition. The overall lipid composition of the induced matrix newly formed cartilage (days 7–9) was comparable to that of normal cartilage, with the phospholipid composition matching that of chondrocyte plasma membranes. Times of vascular invasion and formation of marrow cavities were marked by elevated total lipid and triglyceride contents.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02405092
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Identification of a bone matrix-derived chemotactic factor (1983)
    Springer
    Calcified tissue international 35 (1983), S. 481-485 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0827
    Keywords: Chemotaxis ; Bone ; Osteoblasts ; Bone proteins
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine , Physics
    Notes: Summary When demineralized bone matrix powder is implanted subcutaneously in the rat, the early responses involve the appearance and proliferation of mesenchymal cells at the site of implantation, followed by cartilage and bone formation. The ability of cells to migrate to the implant suggests that chemotaxis may be a critical event in this process. Therefore, using the modified Boyden chamber assay, we tested extracts of demineralized bone matrix for chemotactic activity. We have identified and partially purified, on molecular sieve chromatography, a heat labile and trypsin-sensitive protein (Mr=60,000–70,000) that is a potent chemoattractant for mouse calvaria, osteoblast-like cells (MMB-1), but not for monocytes (putative osteoclast precursors). These findings suggest that chemotactic protein(s) have a significant role in the recruitment of osteoprogenitor cells to a site of bone repair.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02405081
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Changes in the extracellular matrix components fibronectin and laminin during immune rejection of skeletal muscle (1984)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    The @Anatomical Record 209 (1984), S. 21-27 
    Details
    ISSN: 0003-276X
    Keywords: Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Extracellular matrix is known to play an important role during development and maintenance of various tissues. In the present study, changes in two extracellular matrix glycoproteins, fibronectin and laminin, were investigated in skeletal muscle undergoing immune rejection. Purified antibodies against fibronectin and laminin were used to analyze the matrix by indirect immunofluorescence at various intervals after transplantation of extensor digitorum longus muscle in rats. Fibronectin and laminin were localized in the pericellular basement membrane zone of the normal myofibers; however, the cytoplasm was devoid of both glycoproteins. Transplanted muscle grafts underwent a process of degeneration and then an initial regeneration during the first 7 days. This regeneration effort ceased with the onset of muscle rejection in 14-day transplants. At this time, fibronectin was seen in the cytoplasmic region as well as the extracellular matrix of myofibers and myotubes. At later time intervals, an increased intensity of staining for fibronectin was seen throughout the rejected muscle. In muscle grafts undergoing regeneration but not rejection (i.e., nonantigenic grafts), such an increase in the presence of fibronectin was not seen (Gulati et al., 1982). The distribution of laminin did not change during the rejection process and was localized in the basement membrane zone of myofibers and myotubes, although the overall configuration of the basement membranes was deformed and collapsed. It appears that the basement membranes are resistant to degradation, and staining for laminin persists in rejected muscle. These results show marked changes in the extracellular matrix of muscle undergoing rejection. The appearance of fibronectin during the initial stages of muscle rejection may have a causal relationship to the process of immune defence mechanism; however, the exact role of fibronectin remains elusive.
    Additional Material: 6 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/ar.1092090104
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Distribution of fibronectin in normal and regenerating skeletal muscle (1982)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    The @Anatomical Record 204 (1982), S. 175-183 
    Details
    ISSN: 0003-276X
    Keywords: Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: The distribution of fibronectin in normal and regenerating skeletal muscle (the latter caused by autotransplantation) was investigated by means of indirect immunofluorescent technique. Normal myofibers exhibited a thin, continuous pericellular (endomysium) fibronectin distribution; however, their sarcoplasm was devoid of fibronectin. After autotransplantation, the skeletal muscle fibers underwent a process of degeneration that was followed by regeneration from the premyogenic satellite cells. These cells multiplied, fused to form myotubes, and matured into new myofibers. A decrease and an eventual loss of endomysial fibronectin was seen in the degenerating myofibers. At the same time, fibronectin appeared in the sarcoplasm. No significant fibronectin was expressed in the myogenic zone until the formation of myotubes which possessed a complete, circular fibronectin ring. The sarcoplasm of the myotubes lacked fibronectin. Since fibronectin is a component of basement membrane of several tissues, its disappearance and reappearance can be used to follow the fate of basement membrane. We conclude that fibronectin may not be essential for early myogenesis and that regenerated myotubes form an entirely new or at least certain new molecular components of their basement membrane. The present muscle autotransplantation model can be used to further study the role of fibronectin during myogenesis and cell transformation in vivo.
    Additional Material: 14 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/ar.1092040302
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Symbiosio of biotechnology and biomaterials: Applications in tissue engineering of bone and cartilage (1994)
    New York, N.Y. : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Cellular Biochemistry 56 (1994), S. 192-195 
    Details
    ISSN: 0730-2312
    Keywords: bmne ; cartilage ; BMPs ; PDGF ; TGF-β ; Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine
    Notes: The three ingredients for the successful tissue engineeping of bone and cartilage are ragulatory signals, cells and extracellular matrix. Recent advance in cellular and molecular biology of thde growth and differentiation factors have set the stage for a symbiosis of biotechnology and biomaterials. Recent advances permit one to enunciate the rules of architechure for tissue engineering of bone and cartilage. The purification and cloning of bone morphogenetic proteins (BMPs) and growth factors such as platelet derived growth factors (PDGF), tranforming growth factor-β (TGF-β), and insulin-like growth factors (IGF-I) Will allow the design of an optimal combinatiol of signals to initiate and promote development of skeletal stem cells into cartilage and bone. Successful and optimal bone and motion. BMPs function as inductive signals. Biomaterials (Both natural and synthetic) mimic the extracellular matrix and play a role in conduction of bone and cartiage. Examples of biomaterials include hydroxyapatite, polyanhydrides, polyphosphoesters, polylactic acid, and polyglycolic acid. The prospects for novel biomaterials are immense, and they likely will be a fertile erowth industpy. Cooperative ventures between academia and industry and teahnology transfer from the federal government augur well for an exciting future fop clinical applications.
    Additional Material: 1 Tab.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jcb.240560213
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Parallels between development of embryonic and matrix-induced endochondral bone (1991)
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    BioEssays 13 (1991), S. 403-408 
    Details
    ISSN: 0265-9247
    Keywords: Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Endochondral bone formation can take place in the embryo, during fracture healing, or in postnatal animals after induction by implanted demineralized bone matrix. This matrix-induced bone formation recapitulates the embryonic sequence of bone formation morphologically and biochemically. The steps in bone formation in both systems include differentiation of cartilage from mesenchyme, cartilage maturation, invasion of the cartilage by blood vessels and marrow precursors, and formation of bone and bone marrow. Recently, bone inductive molecules from demineralized bone matrix have been purified, sequenced and produced as recombinant proteins. While there are similarities between bone development in the embryo and that after induction by these purified molecules, the molecules responsible for bone induction in the embryo have not yet been defined. Because of similarities between the two methods of bone formation, studies of Bone induction by demineralized bone matrix may help to elucidate mechanisms of embryonic bone induction.
    Additional Material: 3 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/bies.950130807
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