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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Der Orthopäde 25 (1996), S. 302-307 
    ISSN: 1433-0431
    Keywords: Schlüsselwörter Hallux valgus ; Distaler Weichteilrelease ; Proximale metatarsale Osteotomie ; Pathologische Anatomie ; Chirurgische Technik ; Postoperatives Management ; Key words Hallux valgus ; Distal soft tissue procedure with proximal metatarsal osteotomy ; Pathologic anatomy ; Surgical technique ; Postoperative management
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Summary Correction of the hallux valgus deformity is dependent upon recognition of the specific anatomic deformity, followed by selection of a procedure that addresses the specific deformity. A hallux valgus deformity with a subluxated metatarsophalangeal joint has a soft tissue and bony component, both of which need to be corrected, or a recurrence may result. The distal soft tissue procedure addresses the lateral soft tissue contracture by releasing the adductor hallucis, lateral joint capsule and transverse metatarsal ligament. The capsule is medially elongated and the medial eminence needs to be excised. When metatarsus adductus is present, a proximal metatarsal osteotomy should be carried out to correct the bony deformity. If the intermetatarsal angle is not corrected adequately, a recurrence of the hallux valgus is likely since a soft tissue procedure alone could not be expected to correct the bony deformity created by the increased intermetatarsal angle. Postoperatively the correction needs to be supported with a firm compression dressing for 8 weeks to be sure the corrected alignment is maintained until healing of the soft tissues and osteotomy occurs.
    Notes: Zusammenfassung Die Korrektur der Hallux-valgus-Deformität ist abhängig davon, daß die spezifische anatomische Deformität erkannt wird, und daß ein Operationsverfahren gewählt wird, das auf die spezifische Deformität Bezug nimmt. Eine Hallux-valgus-Deformität mit Subluxation im Metatarsophalangealgelenk hat eine Weichteil- und knöcherne Komponente und wenn nicht beide korrigiert werden, ist mit einem Rezidiv zu rechnen. Der distale Weichteileingriff korrigiert die laterale Weichteilkontraktur durch Release des M. adductor hallucis, der lateralen Gelenkkapsel und des Lig. intermetatarsale transversum. Die mediale Kapsel ist ausgeweitet und die mediale Pseudoexostose muß abgetragen werden. Bei einem Metatarsus abductus (Metatarsus primus varus) ist eine proximale metatarsale Osteotomie notwendig, um die knöcherne Deformität zu korrigieren. Wenn der Intermetatarsalwinkel nicht ausreichend korrigiert wird, ist ein Rezidiv des Hallux valgus wahrscheinlich, da der Weichteileingriff allein die knöcherne Deformität, die durch den erhöhten Intermetatarsalwinkel verursacht ist, nicht korrigieren kann. Postoperativ muß die Korrektur mit einem festen Kompressionsverband für 8 Wochen in Korrekturstellung fixiert werden, um sicherzustellen, daß die korrigierte Stellung so lange gehalten wird, bis die knöcherne und Weichteilheilung eingetreten ist.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Hoboken, NJ : Wiley-Blackwell
    AIChE Journal 41 (1995), S. 855-867 
    ISSN: 0001-1541
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Chemical Engineering
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: For a triplet competitive-consecutive halogenation sequence forming mono-, di- and trihalogenated products of the form, A + B → R + B → S + B → T, under semibatch operation adding B to A, if perfect mixing could be assumed at all scales, the product distribution would be unchanged on scaling up. However, if the reaction rates are reasonably faster than the mixing rate, the semibatch addition of B to A will be imperfectly backmixed, exhibiting macroscale concentration gradients. This partial segregation of the primary reagents is capable of modifying the selectivity and corresponding appearance of R, S and T in the course of the batch. Imperfect mixing is quantified using the networks-of-zones model. The effect of scaling up at equal tip speed is examined for a lab-scale 0.3-dm3 reactor, a semitech 30-dm3 reactor, and a production-scale 3,000-dm3 vessel. The intensity of partial segregation is weak at the lab scale, but very severe at the production scale. The lab-scale reactor is therefore close to perfectly backmixed, and the primary, secondary and tertiary products appear in sequence. At the semitech scale the increased partial segregation causes the final product to initially precede the secondary product paradoxically but lag the initial product. At the large scale the more severe segregation between A and B gives an even greater paradox, whereby the final product appears ahead of both the primary and secondary ones. The segregated concentration fields of A and B are visualized as sectional image reconstructions for networks comprising on the order of 1,000 zones. Localized intensive plumes of B emanating from the addition point cause the paradoxical reversals of product sequences. The calculations are directly relevant to real industrial miscible liquid halogenations for which product distribution paradoxes have been observed (Haywood, 1990).
    Additional Material: 14 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
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