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  • 1
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Springer
    Abdominal imaging 2 (1977), S. 75-76 
    ISSN: 1432-0509
    Schlagwort(e): Bile duct carcinoma ; Colon carcinoma ; Endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography ; Adenocarcinoma
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Medizin
    Notizen: Abstract A case of metastatic colon carcinoma simulating primary bile duct carcinoma is presented. The radiographic similarities via endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography include bile duct narrowing and mucosal destruction. A distinguishing feature, however, is failure of the intrahepatic bile ducts to dilate in metastatic carcinoma to the biliary tree.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    Bibliothek Standort Signatur Band/Heft/Jahr Verfügbarkeit
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  • 2
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Bognor Regis [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Polymer Science Part A: Polymer Chemistry 34 (1996), S. 1733-1740 
    ISSN: 0887-624X
    Schlagwort(e): LC side-group block copolymer ; morphology ; phase separation ; LC behavior ; Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Chemie und Pharmazie
    Notizen: Liquid crystalline triblock copolymers with LC inner block and amorphous outer blocks have been synthesized by “living” anionic polymerization and investigated using DSC, TEM, and small-angle x-ray diffraction. All samples of poly[styrene-block-2-(3-cholesteryloxycarbonyloxy) ethyl methacrylate-block-styrene] (PS-b-PChEMA-b-PS) show liquid crystalline behavior and phase separation between the blocks. Compared to triblock copolymers with PS inner block (PChEMA-b-PS-b-PChEMA) and diblock copolymers (PS-b-PChEMA) the LC block copolymers with PS outer blocks have the same properties. The LC behavior and the morphology do not depend on the block arrangement; they are only influenced by the volume fractions of the blocks. Those samples in which the liquid crystalline subphase is not continuous (spheres) only a nematic phase was found, whereas in all samples with a continuous liquid crystalline subphase, the smectic A phase of the homopolymer was observed. © 1996 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
    Zusätzliches Material: 9 Ill.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    Bibliothek Standort Signatur Band/Heft/Jahr Verfügbarkeit
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  • 3
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Helvetica Chimica Acta 59 (1976), S. 987-998 
    ISSN: 0018-019X
    Schlagwort(e): Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Chemie und Pharmazie
    Notizen: The 70 eV mass spectra of a number of 13C- and D-labelled analogs of 1-heptene have been measured, as well as the metastable transitions in the non-labelled compound. Isotopic distributions in the major fragment ions have been calculated from the high and low resolution data. The results show that considerable skeletal rearrangement must take place before formation of most of the fragment ions. Loss of methyl and ethyl radicals occurs mainly from the two ends of the molecule. Ethylene fragments come primarily from the unsaturated end of the molecule, but show evidence of significant prior skeletal rearrangement. The predicted McLafferty rearrangement accounts for only 2/3 of the C4H8+ ions formed, less for the C3H6+ ions. At least 80% of C4H9+ ions appear to be formed by allylic cleavage, as expected, but this mechanism can only account for a maximum of 20% of the formation of the complementary ion C3H5+. Both, this latter ion and C3H6+, are probably generated by loss of hydrogen from C3H7+.Figures obtained for label retention in 1-[13C]- and 1-D-labelled analogs were nearly identical for most fragment ions, probably indicating that the hydrogen atoms in position 1 remain on C(1) even following skeletal rearrangement. A similar result was found for the 7-[13C]- and 7-D-labelled compounds. The main exceptions in the case of the products labelled in position 1 (C4H7+, C3H3+) seem to be due to initial loss of an hydrogen atom from this position followed by further fragmentation.
    Zusätzliches Material: 1 Ill.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    Bibliothek Standort Signatur Band/Heft/Jahr Verfügbarkeit
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  • 4
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal für Praktische Chemie/Chemiker-Zeitung 321 (1979), S. 953-958 
    ISSN: 0021-8383
    Schlagwort(e): Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Chemie und Pharmazie
    Notizen: Mass Spectra of Alicyclic Compounds. VI. Mass Spectrometric Fragmentation of Chloroacetic Esters of the trans-1,4-CyclohexanediolThe electron impact mass spectra of some chloroacetic esters of trans-1,4-cyclo-hexanediol and of cyclohexanol are discussed.It was found that the fragmentation process in these compounds is determined by the number of chlorine atoms in the acid and the interactions between the two functional groups.
    Zusätzliches Material: 2 Ill.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    Bibliothek Standort Signatur Band/Heft/Jahr Verfügbarkeit
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  • 5
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Angewandte Makromolekulare Chemie 196 (1992), S. 37-48 
    ISSN: 0003-3146
    Schlagwort(e): Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Chemie und Pharmazie , Physik
    Beschreibung / Inhaltsverzeichnis: The copolymerization of butadiene and ethene in the presence of the catalyst dineopentyloxyvanadiumoxychloride/triisobutylaluminum was investigated. Basic reaction parameters, such as the [A1]/[V] ratio, the composition of monomer mixture and the polymerization temperature result in a significant influence on the progress of reaction, the conversion of monomers and on the molecular weight and polydispersity of copolymers obtained. NMR measurements demonstrate a high degree of alternation.A maximum of conversion and molecular weight was found by variation of the ratio of catalyst components at [A1]/[V] ≍ 7. An increase of ethene content in the monomer mixture also results in a maximum of conversion but, in contrast, in a continuous decrease in molecular weight. The increase of polymerization temperature from -25°C up to +40°C results in different effects on the yield of copolymers and appropriate data of molecular weight. The microstructure of products with a high content of trans-butadiene units exhibits an increase of 1,2-addition of butadiene and the beginning of crosslinking reactions at temperatures above 20°C.
    Notizen: Es wurde die Copolymerissation von Butadien und Ethen in Gegenwart des katalysatorsystems Dineopetyloxyvanadiumoxychlorid/Aluminiumtriisobutyl untersucht. Die Variation der grundlegenden Reaktionsparameter [A1]/[V]-Verhältnis, Zusammensetzung der Monomermischug und Polymerisationstemperature ergab einen signifikanten Einfluß auf den Verlauf der Reaction, den Umsatz der Moomeren die, Molmasse und die Polydispersität der erhaltenen Copolymeren. NMR-Untersuchngen belegen einen hohen Alternierungsgrad.Bei der Variation des Verhaltnisses der Katalysatorkomponenten wurde ein Maximum für Umsatz und die Molmasse bei einem Verhältnis [A1]/[V] ≍ 7 ermittelt. Die Erhöhung des Ethengehaltes in der Moomermischung führt ebenfalls zu einer Erhöhung des Umsatzes. Dabei werden die Molmassen jedoch erniedrigt. Die Variation der Polymerisationstemparatur im Bereich von -25°C bis +40°C ergab für den Umsatz und die Molmasse Abhängigkeiten mit Minimum bzw. Maximum. Bei Polymerisationstemperaturen oberhalb +20°C ist ein Anwachsen der 1,2 -Addition des Butadiens und eine zunehmende Vernetzung der Produkte zu verzeichnen.
    Zusätzliches Material: 7 Ill.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    Bibliothek Standort Signatur Band/Heft/Jahr Verfügbarkeit
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  • 6
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    New York : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biopolymers 18 (1979), S. 1045-1063 
    ISSN: 0006-3525
    Schlagwort(e): Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Chemie und Pharmazie
    Notizen: Chromatin was thermally denatured in the presence and absence of 1M ethylene glycol using a technique whereby both the hyperchromism and ellipticity are monitored simultaneously. Model complexes containing poly(L-Lys) or poly(L-Lys, L-Ala, Gly) and DNA were similarly melted in order to assist in interpreting the chromatin results. In both cases a general pattern emerged whereby ethylene glycol perturbed the resultant melting profile, showing increased hyperchromicity, ellipticity, and premelt slope. In addition, ethylene glycol destabilizes and reduces the high melting region of polypeptide-bound DNA and the extent of higher ordered structure in model complexes and chromatin. These results emphasize the importance of hydrophobic forces in polypeptide-polypeptide and polypeptide-DNA interactions.
    Zusätzliches Material: 7 Ill.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    Bibliothek Standort Signatur Band/Heft/Jahr Verfügbarkeit
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  • 7
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    New York : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biopolymers 15 (1976), S. 1377-1395 
    ISSN: 0006-3525
    Schlagwort(e): Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Chemie und Pharmazie
    Notizen: (DLLys)10-(LVal)20-(DLLys)10, a copolymer of a valine block in the β conformation with randomly coiled flanking blocks of lysine [Kubota, S. & Fasman, G. D. (1975) Biopolymers 14, 605-631], was studied by nuclear magnetic resonance. The peak areas of the N—H and C—H resonances of valine and lysine are concentration-dependent with little chemical shift change. A model is presented describing the aggregation of the copolymer. Additional evidence, obtained by monitoring the spin-lattice relaxation times of amino, amide, γ-methyl-valine, and ∊-methylene-lysine, is consistent with the aggregation model. Hydrodynamic studies are presented which show monomer → oligomer aggregation of four or five subunits.
    Zusätzliches Material: 7 Ill.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    Bibliothek Standort Signatur Band/Heft/Jahr Verfügbarkeit
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  • 8
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Zeitschrift für anorganische Chemie 616 (1992), S. 61-66 
    ISSN: 0044-2313
    Schlagwort(e): Synthesis, crystal structure ; La5Pb3N; La5Pb3O ; Cr5B3 structure ; interstitial chemistry ; Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Chemie und Pharmazie
    Beschreibung / Inhaltsverzeichnis: Synthese und Struktur von La5Pb3Z, Z = N, O. Interstitielle Derivate einer Struktur vom Cr5B3-TypGeeignete Mengen von La, La4Pb3 und La2O3 oder LaN werden, zu Tabletten gepreßt, bei 1050° bis 1250°C in hohen Ausbeuten zu den Titelverbindungen umgesetzt. Einkristall-Röntgenuntersuchungen an dem Oxid zeigen, daß ein interstitielles Derivat der Cr5B3-Struktur (I4/mcm, Z = 4, a = 8,6895(2) Å, c = 14,540(1) Å, R/Rw = 3,0/3,5%) vorliegt. Sauerstoff- bzw. Stickstoffatome befinden sich in (La2)4-Tetraedern in den Ketten längs (0, 1 /2, z). Geringfügige Dimerisierung der Art, wie sie fur Cr5B3 charakteristisch ist, wird durch den Abstand Pb2—Pb2 von 3,550(1) Å angezeigt. Die Struktur wird mit anderen verwandten Beispielen verglichen.
    Notizen: Suitable proportions of La, La4Pb3 and La2O3 or LaN reacted in pressed pellets at 1050°-1250°C result in high yields of the title compounds. Single crystal X-ray studies of the oxide show it to be an isopointal, interstitial derivative of the Cr5B3 structure (I4/mcm, Z = 4, a = 8.6895(2) Å, c = 14.540(1) Å, R/Rw = 3.0/3.5%). Oxygen or nitrogen atoms are bound in (La2)4 tetrahedra within chains along (0, 1 /2, z). Negligible dimerization of the type characteristic of Cr5B3 is indicated by the Pb2—Pb2 separation, 3.550(1) Å. The structure is compared with other related examples.
    Zusätzliches Material: 2 Ill.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    Bibliothek Standort Signatur Band/Heft/Jahr Verfügbarkeit
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  • 9
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Chichester : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biological Mass Spectrometry 11 (1976), S. 409-414 
    ISSN: 0030-493X
    Schlagwort(e): Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Chemie und Pharmazie
    Notizen: The relative rates of competing metastable decompositions of fourteen isomeric C7H14 monoolefins were measured and compared. In every case except one the most important metastable reaction was loss of either CH3 or C2H4, but the rates of these and the other reactions observed varied over a wide range. It was concluded that the molecular ions of these compounds probably do not isomerize to a common structure prior to metastable decay. It was found that a terminal double bond strongly enhances metastable loss of C2H4 and that the additional presence of a 2-methyl substituent favours this reaction still more. Several possible mechanisms for this transition are discussed, but none was found to explain the observed results satisfactorily.
    Zusätzliches Material: 2 Tab.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    Bibliothek Standort Signatur Band/Heft/Jahr Verfügbarkeit
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  • 10
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Acta Polymerica 30 (1979), S. 643-647 
    ISSN: 0323-7648
    Schlagwort(e): Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Chemie und Pharmazie , Physik
    Beschreibung / Inhaltsverzeichnis: The Banfield radical was used successfully for the determination of the inition rate of the homopolymerization of maleinimides. In the copolymerization of styrene with maleic acid anhydride some additional effects are observed which suggest this inhibitor not to be the most convenient for this system. Particularly, no proportional dependence of the inhibition time on the inhibitor concentration was observed. After inhibition the polymerization rate was distinctly retarded. A possible reaction scheme is discussed.
    Notizen: Das Banfield-Radikal kann mit Erfolg für die Bestimmung der Startgeschwindigkeit der Homopolymerisation von Maleinimiden eingesetzt werden. Bei der Copolymerisation von Styrol/Maleinsäureanhydrid ergeben sich einige zusätzliche Effekte, die diesen Inhibitor nicht als ideal für unser System erscheinen lassen. Es wurde vor allem keine Proportionalität zwischen der Inhibitionszeit τ und der Inhibitorkonzentration erhalten. Die Polymerisationsgeschwindigkeit nach Ablauf der Inhibitionsphase wurde deutlich retardiert. Es wird dafür ein mögliches Reaktionsschema diskutiert.
    Zusätzliches Material: 8 Tab.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
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