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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    A trilogy on surfaces. II. On Gibb's adsorption equation and Antonow's law (1980)
    Stamford, Conn. [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Polymer Engineering and Science 20 (1980), S. 1164-1165 
    Details
    ISSN: 0032-3888
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Chemical Engineering
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: The Gibb's adsorption equations for a multicomponent multiphase system are used to discuss the relationship between the surface tensions and interfacial tension. It is shown for binary systems that when the terms involving the surface excesses vanish, Antonow's rule is obtained.
    Additional Material: 1 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/pen.760201709
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Small angle X-ray scattering from block polymers. II. The bulk state (1977)
    Stamford, Conn. [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Polymer Engineering and Science 17 (1977), S. 598-605 
    Details
    ISSN: 0032-3888
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Chemical Engineering
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: The basic theory of X-ray scattering is applied to various hypothetical models for the bulk state of block polymers in order to explain the angular dependent scattering. The intensity of scattering is calculated for a rnicellar model, a zone model, and a molecular dumbbell model. The molecular dumbbell model, in contrast to the micellar and zone models, assumes that a block copolymer containing domains may be treated as one giant molecule and that, therefore, the locations of the domains are not random but are governed by the statistics of the segments which interconnect them. Experimental and calculated scattering curves are compared for several different types of block polymers.
    Additional Material: 16 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/pen.760170817
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    A trilogy on surfaces. I. The temperature-surface tension coexistence curve (1980)
    Stamford, Conn. [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Polymer Engineering and Science 20 (1980), S. 1161-1163 
    Details
    ISSN: 0032-3888
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Chemical Engineering
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: Experimental data and theoretical considerations on the shape of the temperature-surface tension coexistence curve are presented for binary mixtures. It is found that the interfacial tension is proportional to the difference between the surface tensions raised to the nth power where n is of the order of 4.0.
    Additional Material: 3 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/pen.760201708
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Yielding, crazing, and fracture of polymers. II. Studies of the retraction of crazed and drawn films (1972)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Applied Polymer Science 16 (1972), S. 1367-1376 
    Details
    ISSN: 0021-8995
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: Optical, mechanical, and thermal data on cold- and hot-drawn as well as crazed films of bisphenol A polycarbonate suggest that three separate processes occur during deformation. These processes are a volume change, a preferential orientation of the molecules along the deformation axis, and a configurational change within the molecules (ordering). An attempt is made to correlate these processes with the various types of experimental data. It is suggested that the ordering process is activated by surface, bulk, or external stresses, which are dependent upon molecular weight, processing history, and sample geometry.
    Additional Material: 10 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/app.1972.070160605
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Rheo-optical properties of polymers: Relaxation and recovery during absorption and desorption of organic liquids (1976)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Applied Polymer Science 20 (1976), S. 1573-1582 
    Details
    ISSN: 0021-8995
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: As part of a study in elucidating the mechanisms by which crazing is initiated in polymers, we have measured the force and birefringence decay which occurs in several polymers when placed in contact with methanol. In all cases, the force decay can be used to determine the rate of bulk diffusion of the liquid into the polymer. In contrast, the birefringence decay appears to be related to shear relaxation mechanisms which are highly dependent on the type of material. For example, in the case of simple rubbers such as polyisoprene, the rates of decay of force and birefringence are identical within experimental error. In contrast, in amorphous thermoplastics the force decay is typically an order of magnitude faster than the birefringence decay. These results are discussed in terms of distortional and orientational birefringence and with respect to the morphology of the glassy state.
    Additional Material: 11 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/app.1976.070200614
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Positional small-angle X-ray scattering (1982)
    Stamford, Conn. [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Polymer Engineering and Science 22 (1982), S. 928-933 
    Details
    ISSN: 0032-3888
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Chemical Engineering
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: Positional small-angle X-ray scattering has been implemented and developed as a new nondestructive technique to study the formation and growth of flaws in polymers. The technique consists of measuring the intensity of scattering at a constant scattering angle while the sample is moved through the incident x-ray beam. Examples of applications of the technique from several different materials are presented.
    Additional Material: 9 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/pen.760221504
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Positional small angle X-ray scattering from flaws (1984)
    Stamford, Conn. [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Polymer Engineering and Science 24 (1984), S. 373-375 
    Details
    ISSN: 0032-3888
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Chemical Engineering
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: A simple theory of PSAXS (positional small angle X-ray scattering) has been developed and used to aid in the interpretation of PSAXS data from flaws. The importance of the various experimental parameters has been studied and an explanation offered for apparent magnification. A comparison between images created by assumed flaw structures and from actual flaws has been made. It is proposed that three dimensional imaging of flaws can be performed.
    Additional Material: 6 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/pen.760240512
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Thermochemical stress crazing and cracking of thermoplastics (1994)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Applied Polymer Science 52 (1994), S. 1933-1938 
    Details
    ISSN: 0021-8995
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: A new method of inducing crazing and cracking in thermoplastics is discussed. The method involves the thermal quenching of hot thermoplastics into simple organic liquids or organic solutions. Data are presented for several different thermoplastics and a number of different liquids. The results are interpreted in terms of a model based on the work of Manning and Lineback that incorporates thermal strains and stresses, thermal conductivity, specific interfacial energies, and defects. The specific crazing energy for bisphenol-A polycarbonate when quenched into isopropyl alcohol is determined to be approximately 3 × 105 erg/cm2 from this model. © 1994 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
    Additional Material: 1 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/app.1994.070521311
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Physical properties of block copolymers of polydimethyl siloxane and polycarbonate (1970)
    Stamford, Conn. [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Polymer Engineering and Science 10 (1970), S. 349-357 
    Details
    ISSN: 0032-3888
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Chemical Engineering
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: A detailed study of the physical properties of alternating block copolymers of polydimethyl siloxane and bisphenol-A polycarbonate is presented. The results suggest that the mechanical and optical properties of such materials are dependent upon the presence of associated regions as well as the nature of the chain between such regions. Dielectric, infrared, and DSC data as well as the stress and birefringence strain behavior are presented.
    Additional Material: 15 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/pen.760100608
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Dynamic mechanical properties of polymers (1969)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Applied Polymer Science 13 (1969), S. 1707-1719 
    Details
    ISSN: 0021-8995
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: A technique, employing samples in the form of tuning forks, to measure the mechanical properties of polymers is presented. Results for low density polyethylene, polypropylene, and polycarbonates are shown. A large transition is observed for polypropylene at approximately +10°C and a small transition at -100°C for the polycarbonates. Polycarbonate data has also been obtained from 20 to 150°C, at approximately 70 cps. Effects of time, temperature, and history are presented.
    Additional Material: 10 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/app.1969.070130812
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