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  • 1
    ISSN: 1432-5233
    Keywords: Key words Murine monoclonal glutamate decarboxylase antibodies ; Autoantibodies ; Type 1 diabetes mellitus ; Stiff-man syndrome
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract To study the immune response to glutamic acid decarboxylase (GAD) in insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus, monoclonal GAD antibodies after fusion of splenocytes from a nondiabetes-susceptible BALB/c mouse immunized with human recombinant GAD65 were generated. Of the 44 monoclonals, 35 are specific for the GAD65 isoform, whereas 9 also react with GAD67. Some 37 monoclonals, including all GAD65/67 reactive antibodies, react with GAD by Western blot analysis. The remaining 7 GAD65 monoclonals bind GAD only in an immunoprecipitation assay, which implies that they target epitopes dependent on the conformation of the GAD molecule. The 125I-GAD binding of the GAD65 monoclonals reactive on Western blotting was significantly diminished by all 3 sera from Stiff-man syndrome patients but only by 3/30 (10%) sera from type 1 diabetic patients. In contrast, the 7 monoclonal antibodies reactive with a conformation-dependent GAD epitope were competitive with 83% of GAD-autoantibody-positive sera from these diabetic patients. Using chimeric GAD65/67 proteins, the epitope region targeted by these monoclonals was mapped to the middle of GAD65 (amino acids 221–442). This central conformation-dependent GAD region was also targeted by sera from patients with type 1 diabetes. In conclusion, our data show that even after common immunization of a nondiabetes-susceptible mouse strain, monoclonals were obtained which preferentially react with the GAD65 linear amino-terminus (amino acids 4–17) and a conformation-dependent region located in the middle of GAD targeted by autoantibodies, indicating that this GAD region is not restricted to the autoimmune response associated with the Stiff-man syndrome and the beta-cell destruction in type 1 diabetes mellitus.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    ISSN: 1432-5233
    Keywords: Murine monoclonal glutamate decarboxylase antibodies ; Autoantibodies ; Type 1 diabetes mellitus ; Stiff-man syndrome
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract To study the immune response to glutamic acid decarboxylase (GAD) in insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus, monoclonal GAD antibodies after fusion of splenocytes from a nondiabetes-susceptible BALB/c mouse immunized with human recombinant GAD65 were generated. Of the 44 monoclonals, 35 are specific for the GAD65 isoform, whereas 9 also react with GAD67. Some 37 monoclonals, including all GAD65/67 reactive antibodies, react with GAD by Western blot analysis. The remaining 7 GAD65 monoclonals bind GAD only in an immunoprecipitation assay, which implies that they target epitopes dependent on the conformation of the GAD molecule. The125I-GAD binding of the GAD65 monoclonals reactive on Western blotting was significantly diminished by all 3 sera from Stiff-man syndrome patients but only by 3/30 (10%) sera from type 1 diabetic patients. In contrast, the 7 monoclonal antibodies reactive with a conformation-dependent GAD epitope were competitive with 83% of GAD-autoantibody-positive sera from these diabetic patients. Using chimeric GAD65/67 proteins, the epitope region targeted by these monoclonals was mapped to the middle of GAD65 (amino acids 221–442). This central conformation-dependent GAD region was also targeted by sera from patients with type 1 diabetes. In conclusion, our data show that evne after common immunization of a nondiabetes-susceptible mouse strain, monoclonals were obtained which preferentially react with the GAD65 linear amino-terminus (amino acids 4–17) and a conformation-dependent region located in the middle of GAD targeted by autoantibodies, indicating that this GAD region is not restricted to the autoimmune response associated with the Stiff-man syndrome and the bete-cell destruction in type 1 diabetes mellitus.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    New York : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Polymer Science: Polymer Letters Edition 28 (1990), S. 297-300 
    ISSN: 0887-6258
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Synthesis of both hydrocarbon and perfluorocarbon vinyl polymers containing the SF5 group have been accomplished by the reaction of elemental fluorine with poly (S-vinyl-O-t-butylthiocar bonate(. The resulting linear polymers have pendant SF5 groups with similar structures to polytetrafluoroethylene and polyethylene.
    Additional Material: 2 Tab.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Zeitschrift für anorganische Chemie 600 (1991), S. 239-248 
    ISSN: 0044-2313
    Keywords: Cyano-elpasolites ; bis(-tetramethylammonium) alkali hexacyanometallates ; preparation ; crystal structures ; Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: Tetragonal Cyano-Elpasolites: The Crystal Structures of [N(CH3)4]2KMn(CN)6 and [N(CH3)4]2RbCo(CN)6The tetragonal bis(-tetramethylammonium)-alkali-hexacyanometallates [N(CH3)4]2KMn(CN)6 (a = 884.8(2), c = 1222.2(6) pm) and [N(CH3)4]2RbCo(CN)6 (a = 884.7(1), c = 1233.1(2) pm) were prepared in the form of single crystals and their structures determined by X-ray methods (wR = 0.050 and 0.047 for 486 and 463 independent reflections, respectively; space group 14/m, Z = 2). The average distances in the resulting elpasolite structure, which is but slightly tetragonally distorted by small ferro-rotative displacements of the [M(CN6]3-) octahedra (Mn—C = 201.8, C—N = 115.6, K—N = 307.1 pm resp. Co—C = 190.7, C—N = 114.8, Rb—N = 320.1 pm), seem a bit enlarged if compared to related cyano complexes. Reasons for this are discussed using a tolerance factor concept for cyanoepasolites.
    Notes: Die tetragonalen Bis(-tetramethylammonium)-Alkali-Hexacyanometallate [N(CH3)4]2KMn(CN)6 (a = 884.8(2), c = 1222,2(6) pm) und [N(CH3)4]2RbCo(CN)6 (a = 884,7(1), c = 1233,1(2) pm) wurden in Form von Einkristallen dargestellt und röntgenographisch ihre Strukturen bestimmt (wR = 0,050 bzw. 0,047 für 486 bzw. 463 unabhängige Reflexe; Raumgruppe 14/m, Z = 2). Die mittleren Abstände in der resultierenden Elpasolithstruktur, die durch geringe ferrorotative Drehung der [M(CN)6]3--Oktaeder nur wenig tetragonal verzerrt ist (Mn—C = 201,8, C—N = 115,6, K—N = 307,1 pm bzw. Co—C = 190,7, C—N = 114,8, Rb—N = 320,1 pm), erscheinen leicht vergrößert im Vergleich zu Werten die in verwandten Cyanokomplexen beobachtet wurden. Gründe dafür werden im Rahmen einer Toleranzfaktorbetrachtung für Cyano-Elpasolithe diskutiert.
    Additional Material: 3 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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