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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    A method for the quantitative evaluation of flammability in polymers (1974)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Applied Polymer Science 18 (1974), S. 1243-1245 
    Details
    ISSN: 0021-8995
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Additional Material: 1 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/app.1974.070180423
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Polysiloxanes: a paradigm or paradox since the 1960's (1998)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Macromolecular Chemistry and Physics 199 (1998), S. 2365-2378 
    Details
    ISSN: 1022-1352
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Notes: For poly(TMPS)Poly(oxydimethylsilanediyl-1,4-phenylene-dimethylsilanediyl). fractions and blends of fractions, it has been established experimentally that the isothermal spherulitic growth rate, G, and physical properties are strongly interrelated. Correlations also depend strongly upon molecular weight. Below the melt viscosity entanglement molecular weight Mc, G is very dependent upon molar mass whenever crystallized fractions are chain folded, brittle and lacking in tiemolecules. Above Mc, G is essentially constant, and polymers are tough and durable because of trapped entanglements, tie-molecules and the like, that are mostly located at lamellar interfaces. Growth rate measurements and other physical properties of poly(TMPS) are inconsistent with the claim that reptation is a viable process in the crystallization of this polymer. Selective chemical etching of poly(TMPS) crystal surfaces of moderate MW (≈35 × 103 Daltons) show an increase in crystallinity from ≈75% to 95% as the surface is removed, thus testifying to a less than ordered surface morphology. Notably, in melt crystallized high MW fractions, approaching 106 Daltons and beyond, the morphology is much less well organized than it is in moderate to low MW fractions. Trends in the physical properties of polyethylenes, polyisoprene and poly-(ethylene oxide) MW fractions are analogous in behavior to melt crystallized poly(TMPS) fractions over comparable molecular weights ranges, and consistent with a morphology that is dependent upon polymer chain length.
    Additional Material: 14 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Phase transitions and structure changes in poly[bis(phenoxy)-λ5-phosphazene] (1989)
    New York : Wiley-Blackwell
    Die Makromolekulare Chemie 190 (1989), S. 1047-1055 
    Details
    ISSN: 0025-116X
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Notes: Phase transition behavior in poly[bis(phenoxy)-λ5-phosphazene] (PBPP) was studied by electron microscopy, X-ray diffraction techniques and differential scanning calorimetry. Several polymorphic forms were detected. Relative changes in enthalpy associated with the thermotropic transition, T(1), are examined as a function of heat treatment. Correspondingly, structural and morphological changes have been established in line with enthalpy results.
    Additional Material: 9 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/macp.1989.021900513
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Morphological and structural properties of poly[bis(p-phenylphenoxy)phosphazene] (1992)
    New York : Wiley-Blackwell
    Die Makromolekulare Chemie 193 (1992), S. 379-387 
    Details
    ISSN: 0025-116X
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Notes: Poly[bis(p-phenylphenoxy)phosphazene] (PB(4-Ph)PP) has been investigated employing X-ray diffraction technique and electron microscopy. Its unit cell dimensions were determined to be a = 4,18 nm, b = 1,83 nm and c = 0,957 nm with space group Pca21. At 21 5-220°C , PB(4-Ph)PP transforms into an anisotropic liquid-like phase corresponding to a new molecular ordering array. The thicker films are composed of the linked globules approximately 100 nm in diameter. Upon drawing, the globules transform into a rod-like morphology 15-40 nm in width and exhibit a highly oriented X-ray diffraction pattern. These unusual morphological features have been compared with features found in poly[bis(phenoxy)phosphazene] and poly[bis(halophenoxy)phosphazene] polymers. X-ray diffraction and crystallization results support a smectic-like side chain morphology.
    Additional Material: 4 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/macp.1992.021930210
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Polymer crystallinity and morphology in polysiloxanes. poly(tetramethyl-p-silphenylenesiloxane) and poly(tetramethyl-p-silphenylene/dimethylsiloxane) copolymers (1986)
    New York : Wiley-Blackwell
    Die Makromolekulare Chemie 187 (1986), S. 455-462 
    Details
    ISSN: 0025-116X
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Notes: The crystallinities of polysiloxane homo- and copolymers, measured by DSC and checked by X-ray measurements, are presented. A wide range of crystallization conditions and molecular weight fractions were investigated. The morphological implications of crystallinity changes as a function of molecular weight are discussed in regard to other physical parameters. It is concluded that the dependence of crystallinity and X-ray long period on molecular weight is in accord with a defect interface created via chain entanglements primarily, which are trapped during crystallization. The morphology of the specimens directly reflects their preparative history and molecular weight.
    Additional Material: 4 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/macp.1986.021870224
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Solution polymerization of selected polyphosphazenes (1989)
    New York : Wiley-Blackwell
    Die Makromolekulare Chemie 190 (1989), S. 2293-2302 
    Details
    ISSN: 0025-116X
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Notes: Several alkoxy/aryloxy-substituted phosphazene polymers [P(OR)2 = N]n, where R = C6H5, CH2CF3, C8H10, were prepared by the reaction of polydichlorophosphazene with their corresponding sodium salts. The polydichlorophosphazene was obtained by the solution polymerization of hexachlorocyclotriphosphazene in 1,2,4-trichlorobenzene. Sulfamic acid and ammonium sulfamate were used as catalysts. Apparently, sulfamic acid functions as a catalyst through its acid group in some decomposed form. New catalysts, p-toluenesulfonic acid and sulfobenzoic aicd, have been developed for this solution polymerization. The polymerization favors a cationic mechanism. A promoter, CaSO4·2H2O, was found to speed up the polymerization reaction. Effect of several parameters such as dilution, catalyst concentration, and promoter concentration on the properties of the final polymer were investigated. The polymers were characterized by differential scanning calorimetry, gel permeation chromatography, and 31P solution NMR spectroscopy.
    Additional Material: 2 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/macp.1989.021900930
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Phase transitions in polyphosphazene films: Poly[bis(trifluoroethoxy)phosphazene]Paper presented at the American Physical Society (D.H.P.P.), Session MT4, p. 561, March 26-30, 1984, Detroit, Michigan. (1985)
    New York : Wiley-Blackwell
    Die Makromolekulare Chemie 186 (1985), S. 649-663 
    Details
    ISSN: 0025-116X
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Notes: The morphology of cast and annealed films from poly[bis(trifluoroethoxy)phosphazene] \documentclass{article}\pagestyle{empty}\begin{document}$ {\rm \{ PBFP,\rlap{--} [(CF}_{\rm 3} {\rm CH}_{\rm 2} {\rm O)}_{\rm 2} {\rm P = N\rlap{--} ]}_{\rm n} {\rm \} } $\end{document} has been studied by electron, scanning electron and optical microscopy. Several polymorphic forms and one mesophase (hexatic) have been established. From THF solution, PBFP has a chain folded morphology (α-orthorhombic) which transforms into a chain extended 2D hexagonal mesophase at T(1). It remains in this state until final melting occurs at Tm = 245°C approximately. Upon cooling the melt, it quickly reverts to the hexagonal mesophase again, but then passes into a chain extended (3D) γ-orthorhombic modification. This material is much more stable thermodynamically than the α-form, which is friable or brittle. PBFP cannot be quenched to a glassy form from the molten state, but it can be disordered as assessed by its reduced T(1) enthalpy and less well defined morphology assessed by electron microscopy. Another crystal modification (β-monoclinic) has been found in solution cast low molecular weight PBFP films.
    Additional Material: 9 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/macp.1985.021860318
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Morphological and structural properties of poly[bis(p-phenylphenoxy)phosphazene] (1992)
    New York : Wiley-Blackwell
    Die Makromolekulare Chemie 193 (1992), S. 1793-1793 
    Details
    ISSN: 0025-116X
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/macp.1992.021930723
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Solution-grown crystals of poly(dimethylphosphazene) (1992)
    New York : Wiley-Blackwell
    Die Makromolekulare Chemie 193 (1992), S. 2731-2736 
    Details
    ISSN: 0025-116X
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Notes: Poly(dimethylphosphazene) crystals have been grown by two techniques, namely: (a) dilute-solution crystallization and (b) from the supercooled melt. An orthorhombic crystal form with a = 1,390 nm, b = 0,598 nm and c = 0,473 nm was deduced from electron and X-ray diffraction. There are four monomers per unit cell of density 1,267 g/cm3. Streaks connecting the (hk0) reflections in electron diffraction are suggestive of lattice defects along the [b] axis. Whenever crystals are annealed just below Tm where sufficient mobility exists, the “streaks” are absent when the specimen is cooled to room temperature. Differential scanning calorimetry (heating) exhibits two endothermic peaks at 142°C and 146°C, corresponding to T(1) and Tm transitions, respectively. A mesophase exists between these closely spaced peaks. A wider mesophase range is encountered in poly(oxyphosphazenes).
    Additional Material: 4 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/macp.1992.021931102
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Novel structural and thermotropic behavior of poly(diphenylphosphazene) (1994)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Macromolecular Chemistry and Physics 195 (1994), S. 1823-1842 
    Details
    ISSN: 1022-1352
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Notes: Poly(diphenylphosphazene) (PDPhP) was synthesized by a reaction of 2,2,2-trifluoroethyl diphenylphosphinite with trimethylsilyl azide. Characteristics of the polymer exhibit a marked molecular weight dependency. DSC measurements showed that the PDPhP undergoes a mesophase T(1) type transition in the range 180 ∼ 190°C and another at 240 ∼ 255°C depending upon the molecular weights of the polymers. Upon heating and cooling through T(1) the higher molecular weight PDPhP transforms to a 3D orthorhombic (γ-form) with a = 1,99 nm, b = 1,05 nm and c = 0,995 nm from its original form (α-form) in which a = 1,01 nm, b = 1,01 nm and γ = 101° after passing through the disordered mesophase (δ-form). Another 3D form (β-form) with c = 1,25 nm is formed from the lower molecular weight PDPhP after heat treatment of the 2D phase (δ-form) that is obtained by quenching the specimens into ice-water (4°C) from above T(1). The conditions for the formation of the β-form depend strongly on the polymer molecular weight and its history. Lath-shaped crystals were grown from dilute dichlorobenzene solution by adding p-xylene (a non-solvent). Electron diffraction patterns of solution grown PDPhP specimens exhibit unusual hexatic triple reflections associated with the mesophase. (100) twinning due to the thermal history of the specimens has been established. A complex (multistep) heat treatment process was required to elucidate the transformation behavior in PDPhP.
    Additional Material: 16 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/macp.1994.021950530
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