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  • 1
    ISSN: 1432-0827
    Keywords: PTHrP ; Articular cartilage ; Chondrocyte ; Development
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine , Physics
    Notes: Abstract Expression and localization of parathyroid hormone-related protein (PTHrP) in rat articular cartilage during fetal and postnatal periods were investigated by immunohistochemistry and in situ hybridization. PHTrP displayed distinct distribution and intensity of staining at different ages. In fetal (18-day-old) and young (3-week-old) rats, articular chondrocytes expressed abundant PTHrP throughout the entire thickness of cartilage. In contrast, in 60-week-old rats, PTHrP was expressed in a few articular chondrocytes of superficial and middle layers. Regulation of PTHrP and PTH/PTHrP receptor mRNA was also studied in cultured rat articular chondrocytes. Northern blot analysis revealed that both transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β), an important stimulator for chondrocyte proliferation and differentiation, and 10% fetal bovine serum (FBS) stimulated the expression of PTHrP mRNA with down-regulation of its receptor mRNA. In contrast, 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate (TPA) down-regulated the expression of receptor without changes of PTHrP mRNA level. These results suggest that the changes in abundance and localization of PTHrP and its receptor may be directly involved in the cell growth and differentiation of articular cartilage.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    ISSN: 1432-1920
    Keywords: Key words Aneurysm ; intracranial ; Arteriovenous malformation ; intracranial ; Endovascular treatment
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract The association between intracranial aneurysms and arteriovenous malformations (AVMs) is well documented. Recent advances in the understanding of the haemodynamics of this association encourage an aggressive approach to these aneurysms. However, the pathophysiology of these aneurysms is not fully understood and a strategy for their management has not been established. We describe seven patients, with eight aneurysms, on the feeding arteries of AVMs. The aneurysms could be divided into those located 1. proximally on the superficial feeding artery (type I; 4 aneurysms); 2. distally on the superficial feeding artery (type II; 3 aneurysms); and 3. on the deep feeding artery (type III; 1 aneurysm). All aneurysms were treated by the endovascular procedure prior to, or simultaneously with, treatment of the AVM, using detachable coils or liquid embolic material. All aneurysms were obliterated successfully, with no adverse events. Each patient further received treatment of the AVM. None of the patients suffered intracranial haemorrhage after treatment for the aneurysms. Based on our experiences, we discuss the indications for this approach for each type of aneurysm. We believe endovascular treatment could be an important alternative for treatment of aneurysms associated with AVMs, thus reducing the risk of haemorrhage.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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