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  • 1
    ISSN: 1432-0509
    Keywords: Liver, neoplasms ; Sonography ; Angiography ; Computed tomography ; Oily contrast media
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract To evaluate the characteristics of combined hepatocellular and cholangiocarcinoma of the liver by imaging techniques, six patients (five male and one female), aged 46–60 years, with proved combined tumors were selected for this study from the review of 500 resected specimens of liver tumors. Images obtained from sonography, computed tomography (CT), angiography, and CT after intraarterial injection of iodized oil (iodized-oil CT) were retrospectively reviewed and correlated with the appearance of pathologic specimens. Sonographic findings were round or ovoid hypoechoic masses with central hyperechoic area (target appearance) in all patients. On CT scans, tumors were relatively well-defined low- and/or iso-attenuation masses in all patients. Angiography showed hypovascular masses in five patients. In one patient, the tumor appeared as a hypovascular mass with a central hypervascular area. On iodized-oil CT scans, all patients showed partial retention of iodized oil in tumors. Echogenicity in tumors at sonography or attenuation in tumors at CT could not be correlated with histologic difference in tumors at pathologic specimens. However, the hypervascular area at angiography and the compact retention areas of iodized oil at iodized-oil CT corresponded to portions of hepatocellular carcinoma within the combined tumor. On the basis of our results, imaging features, including target appearance at sonography, hypovascular mass with central hypervascular portions at angiography, and partial retention of iodized oil in tumors at iodized-oil CT, might be helpful in making accurate diagnosis of these rare tumors.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    ISSN: 1432-0509
    Keywords: Amyloidosis ; Hamartoma ; Kidney ; Computed tomography ; Ultrasound
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract We report two cases of renal amyloidosis associated with mesenteric and mediastinal Castleman disease of plasma cell type. Computed tomographic (CT) scan revealed a mesenteric mass with multiple nodal enlargement in one patient and a right paratracheal mass with irregular central calcifications in the second patient. Renal ultrasonography (US) showed increased echogenicity of the renal parenchyma with prominent medullas. Doppler waveform obtained in the kidney associated with mesenteric disease showed complete absence of diastolic flow signal, although it was normal in the patient with mediastinal disease. Recognition of Castleman disease as the cause of renal amyloidosis and the understanding of CT and US findings of this entity are important for the management, as well as its diagnosis.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 3
    ISSN: 1432-1920
    Keywords: Brain ; Infection ; Computed tomography ; Parasites ; Inflammation ; Sparganosis
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary Cerebral sparganosis is a rare parasitic CNS disease, producing chronic active granulomatous inflammation. We retrospectively reviewed the clinical data, CT scans and histopathologic specimens in 34 patients with cerebral sparganosis. The majority of the patients (89%) were rural inhabitants; 75% had a history of ingestion of frogs and/or snakes. The major presenting symptoms were seizure (84%), hemiparesis (59%) and headache (56%) of chronic course. On CT scans, the disease most frequently involved the cerebral hemispheres, particularly frontoparietal lobes, with occasional extension to the external and internal capsules and basal ganglia. The cerebellum was rarely involved. Bilateral involvement was seen in 26%. The main CT findings consisted of white matter hypodensity with adjacent ventricular dilatation (88%), irregular or nodular enhancing lesion (88%), and small punctate calcifications (76%). In combination, the CT triad above appears to be specific for this disease, and was noted in 62% of cases. Of 16 follow-up CT scans, 5 (38%) showed a change in the location of the enhancing nodule. With a single CT scan, it does not appear to be possible to determine whether the worm is alive or dead, information important for deciding whether to intervene surgically. Change in the location of the enhancing nodule and/or worsening of the other CT findings on sequential CT scans would suggest that the worm is alive and that the patient is a candidate for surgery.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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