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  • 1
    ISSN: 1432-2102
    Keywords: Schlüsselwörter Spiral-CT ; Elektronenstrahl-CT ; Virtuelle Realität ; Bronchialsystem ; Bronchoskopie ; Key words Spiral CT ; Electron-beam CT ; Virtual reality ; Bronchi ; Bronchoscopy
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Summary Purpose: To compare spiral computed tomography (CT) and electron-beam CT (EBT) for 3D and virtual CT-bronchoscopy. Materials and methods: 17 patients with various disorders of the tracheobronchial system were examined using fiberoptic bronchoscopy, spiral CT and EBT. 3D images were reconstructed from CT data sets using automated segmentation based on volume-growing methods. Surface-rendered, volume-rendered, and hybrid reconstructions were visualized in real time using a data helmet. Results: All data sets could be processed to high-quality three-dimensional (3D) and virtual reconstructions. The reduction of motion artifacts due to shorter scan times made EBT data sets better suited for automated segmentation and less susceptible to motion artifacts. 3D and virtual reconstructions did not increase the diagnostic sensitivity of CT compared to axial reconstructions alone. Conclusions: Shorter scan times of CT imaging yield higher-quality 3D and virtual reconstructions. Modern reconstruction techniques are valuable visualization tools for select indications and are the prerequisite for future developments in computer-aided medicine.
    Notes: Zusammenfassung Spiral-CT und Elektronenstrahlcomputertomographie (EBT) sollten hinsichtlich ihrer Eignung für die 3D und virtuelle CT-Bronchoskopie verglichen werden. 17 Patienten mit pathologischen Veränderungen des Bronchialsystems wurden mit fiberoptischer Bronchoskopie sowie Spiral-CT oder EBT untersucht. Die CT-Datensätze wurden mit automatisierten Segmentationsverfahren zu 3D Oberflächenrekonstruktionen bzw. zu Volumenrekonstruktionen und zu hybriden Darstellungsformen weiterverarbeitet. Die virtuelle Visualisierung erfolgte über einen Datenhelm in Echtzeit. Alle Datensätze konnten zu räumlichen Rekonstruktionen guter Qualität weiterverarbeitet werden. Aufgrund der kürzeren Scanzeiten waren die EBT-Datensätze besser für die automatisierte Segmentation und für eine artefaktarme Rekonstruktion geeignet. Die diagnostische Aussagekraft wurde durch die räumlichen Darstellungsformen gegenüber den axialen Schichten nicht erhöht. Kürzere Scanzeiten wirken sich günstig auf die Qualität von 3D- und virtuellen Rekonstruktionen aus. Räumliche Darstellungsformen stellen teilweise wertvolle Ergänzungen zur invasiven Bronchoskopie sowie zur Schichtbilddiagnostik dar. Die moderne Bildverarbeitung bildet eine wichtige Grundlage für computergestützte Techniken in der Medizin.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    ISSN: 1432-1084
    Keywords: Key words: CT ; Coronary disease ; Coronary arteriosclerosis
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract. To identify patients with increased risk of having coronary artery disease (CAD), electron-beam computed tomography (EBCT) was used for years for quantifying calcifications of the coronary arteries. The first direct comparison between EBCT and conventional CT was performed to determine the reliability of widely available conventional CT for the assessment of the coronary calcium score. Fifty male patients with suspected CAD were investigated with both modalities, EBCT and conventional 500-ms non-spiral partial scan CT. Scoring of the coronary calcification was performed according to the Agatston method. Forty-two of these patients underwent coronary angiography for the assessment of significant luminal narrowing. The correlation coefficient of the score values of both modalities was highly significant (r = 0.982, p 〈 0.001). The variability between the two modalities was 42 %. Mean calcium score in patients with significant coronary luminal narrowing (n = 37) was 1104 ± 1089 with EBCT and 1229 ± 1327 with conventional CT. In patients without luminal narrowing (n = 5) mean calcium score was 73 ± 57 with EBCT and 26 ± 35 with conventional CT. Although images of the heart from conventional CT may suffer from cardiac motion artifacts, conventional CT has the potential to identify patients with CAD with accuracy similar to EBCT.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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