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  • Polymer and Materials Science  (11)
  • Computational Chemistry and Molecular Modeling  (3)
  • Cotransport  (2)
  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Amsterdam : Elsevier
    Biochimica et Biophysica Acta (BBA)/Biomembranes 731 (1983), S. 437-447 
    ISSN: 0005-2736
    Keywords: (Rabbit small intestine) ; Amino group ; Chemical modification ; Cotransport ; Glucose transport ; Na^+ transport ; Phlorizin binding ; Substrate-binding site
    Source: Elsevier Journal Backfiles on ScienceDirect 1907 - 2002
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Physics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Amsterdam : Elsevier
    Biochimica et Biophysica Acta (BBA)/Biomembranes 728 (1983), S. 429-437 
    ISSN: 0005-2736
    Keywords: (Rabbit brush border) ; Amino group ; Chemical modification ; Cotransport ; Na^+/glucose transport ; Phlorizin binding ; Sulfhydryl group
    Source: Elsevier Journal Backfiles on ScienceDirect 1907 - 2002
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Physics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Materialwissenschaft und Werkstofftechnik 11 (1980), S. 244-258 
    ISSN: 0933-5137
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Description / Table of Contents: Behaviour of stainless cast alloys under combined mechanical and corrosive attackIn media with 3000 mg B/1 (as boric acid, H3BO3) and varying chloride contents down to 1 mg Cl-/1 13%-Cr-steels show pitting. Under constant load cracks appear simultaneously. As can be expected, 17%-Cr-steels are more resistant and duplex ferritic austenitic steels exhibit no corrosion cracking in 3% NaCl-solution even after 10 000 hrs. Generally, corrosion resistance improves with increasing contents of ferrite forming elements. Corrosion cracks are interpreted in termes of anodic stress corrosion cracking. Notch impact bending tests with hydrogen charged specimens show that deformability is reduced.
    Notes: 13%-Cr-Stähle zeigen in Lösungen mit 3000 mg B/1 (als Borsäure, H3BO3) und unterschiedlichen Chloridgehalten Lochkorrosion bis herab zu Konzentrationen von 1 mg Cl-/1. Bei mechanischer Zugbeanspruchung treten gleichzeitig Risse auf. 17%-Cr-Stähle sind erwartungsgemäß beständiger und ferritisch-austenitische Stähle zeigen in 3% NaCl-Lösung auch im 10 000 h-Versuch keine Korrosionsrisse. Generell steigt die Beständigkeit mit zunehmendem Anteil an ferritbildenden Elementen. Die Korrosionsrisse werden als anodische Spannungsrißkorrosion interpretiert. Kerbschlagbiegeversuche mit wasserstoffbeladenen Proben ergeben eine Abnahme des Verformungsvermögens.
    Additional Material: 21 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    International Journal of Quantum Chemistry 45 (1993), S. 649-663 
    ISSN: 0020-7608
    Keywords: Computational Chemistry and Molecular Modeling ; Atomic, Molecular and Optical Physics
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: The spin distribution in a stable nitroxide biradical that shows ferromagnetic interactions in the solid phase has been studied at three levels of theory: First, at the UHF level; then, including correlation effects in UMP2 calculations; and finally, the results are compared with the spin density obtained using the local density functional (LDF) approximation. It is shown that LDF spin densities are closer to UMP2 than to UHF predictions; the difference between the UHF and the (UMP2, LDF) results points to a redistribution of the spin repartition between N and O due to electronic correlation. For planar conformations of the NO group, there is symmetric distribution (D2d) of the spin density on the adamantane skeleton. For nonplanar nitroxides, the molecule is chiral (C2), which results in a breakdown of the spin transmission on part of the adamantane cage. © 1993 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
    Additional Material: 9 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 5
    ISSN: 0021-9304
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Medicine , Technology
    Notes: Replamineform porous implants (4 mm × 4 mm diameter) were placed into full-thickness cartilage and bone defects of the weight-bearing surface of the lateral femoral condyles of adult male white rabbits. These were analyzed at 1 day, 1 week, 6 weeks, 3 months, and 6 months for (1) ingrowth of tissue within the implants and (2) restoration of the articular surface overlying them. Appropriate unfilled, but similar, control defects were also studied.Mineralized bone was seen within the substance of both the TiO2 and hydroxyapatite implants at 1 week; this extremely rapid response was present in every specimen studied and was not seen with αAl2O3 or control animals. With the passage of time, maturation of this bone ingrowth occurred so that by 3 months, they were all incorportated into the surrounding bone.Only the hydroxyapatite implants showed consistent regenerative healing of hyaline articular cartilage from the margins of the defects with the passage of time; this occurred whenever the subchondral bone adjacent to the defect proliferated in a “creeping” fashion over the articular aspect of the implant, and the undamaged cartilage then followed it. Fibrocartilage, and not hyaline cartilage, formed the articular surface over the TiO2 and αAl2O3 implants and in the controls.
    Additional Material: 3 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Weinheim [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Materials and Corrosion/Werkstoffe und Korrosion 23 (1972), S. 112-117 
    ISSN: 0947-5117
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Description / Table of Contents: Contribution to the interpretation of secondary current density maxima in potentiodynamic polarization curves of chromium steelsDetailed investigations into the behaviour of veraious chromium steels in sulfuric acid show, that the secondary current density peak in the potentiodynamic polarization curve at + 300 mVH is mainly due to hydrogen oxidation, and not to the dissolution of enriched nickel. The authors discuss the justification of such investigations which do not enable any conclusion with reference to the corrosion under stationary conditions.
    Notes: Eingehende Untersuchungen an verschiedenen Chromstählen in H2SO4 zeigen, daß das in der Literatur mehrfach beschriebene Nebenmaximum der Strom dichte in potentiodynamisch aufgenommenen Polarisationskurven bei + 300 m VH hauptsächlich durch Wasserstoff-oxydation und nicht durch die Auflösung von angereichertem Nickel verursacht wird, Die Berechtigung solcher Untersuchungen, die keine Aussagen über die Korrosion im stationären Zustand erlauben, wird kurz diskutiert.
    Additional Material: 5 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Weinheim [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Materials and Corrosion/Werkstoffe und Korrosion 22 (1971), S. 691-697 
    ISSN: 0947-5117
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Description / Table of Contents: Industrial aspects of the formation of oxide layers and their preventionThe corrosion losses acceptables in steam generators of nuclear power plants are about 2.25 mm in 30 years; this is why unalloyed or low alloy steels can be used only to a limited extent in hot carbon dioxide (during the first 2000 to 3000 hours the oxidation follows a parabolic law, afterwards breakaway is possible). Silicon killed steel are superior to rimmed steel. Low sulfur contents are favourable, while surface treatment with dichromate solution is generally deleterious because the dichromate formed is decomposed during oxidation and the resulting chromium enrichment facilitates oxygen diffusion and enhances oxidation. Tubing suspensions may produce tensile stresses in crevices, so that screws are even torn out. Likewise, fretting may occur under simultaneous oscillating loads. In the case of ZrCu alloys the oxidation is slower than that of pure zirconium, probably because the large atomic volume of copper makes oxygen diffusion more difficult.
    Notes: Die für Dampferzeuger in Kernkraftwerken zulässigen Korrosionsverluste liegen bei etwa 2,25 mm in 30 Jahren, weshalb unlegierte und niedriglegierte Stähle nur begrenzt in heißem Kohlendioxid einsetzbar sind (sie werden während der ersten 2000 bis 3000 h nach einem parabolischen Zeitgesetz oxidiert, nachher ist aber mit breakaway zu rechnen). Mit Si beruhigte Stähle scheinen sich dabei besser zu verhalten als unberuhigte Stähle. Günstig ist auch ein niedriger Schwefelgehalt während einer Oberflächenbehandlung mit Dichromatlösung durchweg ungüstig ist, denn das entstehende Dichromat zersetzt sich bei der Oxidation und die resultierende Anreicherung von Chrom erleichtert die Sauerstoffdiffusion und begünstigt die Oxidation. An Rohraufhängungen kann es infolge von Oxidation in den Spalten zu Zugspannungen kommen, durch welche Schrauben ausgerissen werden. Ebenso kann es bei gleichzeitiger Schwingungsbeanspruchung zu Reibkorrosion kommen. Im Falle von ZrCu-Legierungen ist die Oxidation deutlich verlangsamt, wahrscheinlich weil das Cu infolge seines großen Atomvolumens die Sauerstoffdiffusion erschwert.
    Additional Material: 13 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Weinheim [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Materials and Corrosion/Werkstoffe und Korrosion 19 (1968), S. 895-900 
    ISSN: 0947-5117
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Description / Table of Contents: Pitting and contact corrosion in magnesium-canned fuel rodsWhen nuclear fuel elements  -  containing Mg, graphite and Zircaloy  -  are stored in water there is the danger of contact corrosion of Mg in contact wit graphite; in partcular when cholorides are present (even in traces) there exists the danger of pitting corrosion. Only at pH values 〉 11,5 a bydroxide layer is formed which yields a certain protection. The pitting potential in alkaline waters is shifted to more negative values with incrasing chloride contents; this displacement can be prevented by inhiitors. Most efficient is the addition of sodium carbonate which gives rise to the formation of a protective hydromagnesite layer.
    Notes: Bei Lagerung verbrauchter Brennstoffelemente  -  Werkstoffe Mg, Graphit, Zircaloy  -  in Wasser besteht die Gefahr der Kontaktkorrosion von Mg bei Kontakt mit Graphit; besonders bei Anwesenheit von Chloriden besteht Lochfraßgefahr. Erst bei pH Werten 〉 11,5 entsteht eine Hydroxidschicht, die einen gewissen Schutz bewirkt. Das Lochfraßpotential im alkalischen Wasser verschiebt sich mit zunehmendem Chloridgebalt stark in den Bereich negativer Werte, was durch Inhibitoren verhindert werden kann. Am günstigsten ist Zusatz von Natriumcarbonat, das zur Bildung eines Schutzfilms aus Hydromagnesit führt.
    Additional Material: 12 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Weinheim [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Materials and Corrosion/Werkstoffe und Korrosion 30 (1979), S. 713-722 
    ISSN: 0947-5117
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Additional Material: 2 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Weinheim [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Materials and Corrosion/Werkstoffe und Korrosion 25 (1974), S. 734-739 
    ISSN: 0947-5117
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Description / Table of Contents: The influence of imposed protection currents on the efficiency of inhibitors for cooling watersIn case where the cathodic protection of a cooling system is not feasible a combination of cathodic protection and inhibition may be of advantage. The authors have studied the potential influence of a direct current on the efficiency of an inhibitor; during the experimental work they have used a current intensity corresponding to the maximum intensity of the protection current used in practice. Using potentiokinetic methods they have found that the number of inhibitors which may be used in such conditions is rather small. In the case of inhibitors based on nitrites or amines the protecting efficiency is rather reduced after some hundred hours' operation under direct current, and in some case even a corrosion stimulation has been experienced. Inhibitors based on chromates and anticorrosion oil emulsions exhibit improved electrochemical stability, though, in the case of oils emulsion breaking must be taken into account after relatively short durations of operation.
    Notes: In Fällen, wo der kathodische Schutz eines Kühlsystems schwer durchführbar ist, erweist sich eine Kombination von kathodischem Schutz und Inhibierung als vorteilhaft. Die Verfasser untersuchten mögliche Einflüsse von Gleichstrom auf die Wirksamkeit von Inhibitoren; bei diesen Versuchen arbeiteten sie mit einer Stromstärke, welche der maximalen in der Praxis verwendeten Schutzstromstärke entsprach. Mit Hilfe von potentiokinetischen Methoden wurde gefunden, daß die zahl der unter diesen Bedingungen verwendbaren Inhibitoren sehr klein ist. Im Falle von Inhibitoren auf Basis von Nitriten oder Aminen verringert sich schon nach einigen Stunden Gleichstromeinwirkung die Schutzwirkung und in manchen Fällen zeigt sich sogar eine stimulierende Wirkung. Die Inhibitoren auf Basis von Chromaten oder Korrosionsschutzölemulsionen sind hingegen elektrochemisch gut beständig im Falle der Öle ist jedoch damit zu rechnen, daß die Emulsion schon nach verhältnismäßig kurzer Betriebsdauer bricht.
    Additional Material: 8 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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