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  • Cydia pomonella (Tortricidae: Lepidoptera) (Insecta)  (1)
  • Key words:Calculation – Creatinine clearance – Estimation – Muscle mass – Pharmacology – Prediction – Renal function – Rheumatoid arthritis – Wasting formula  (1)
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  • 1
    ISSN: 1434-9949
    Keywords: Key words:Calculation – Creatinine clearance – Estimation – Muscle mass – Pharmacology – Prediction – Renal function – Rheumatoid arthritis – Wasting formula
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract: The estimation of glomerular filtration rate is important for the medical treatment of patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA). However, the determination of endogenous creatinine clearance (Clcr) from a 24-h urine collection is an unreliable and time-consuming procedure. We therefore tested the accuracy of six equations and one nomogram for the prediction of Clcr from serum creatinine (Scr) in 38 patients with RA and 20 controls. A positive correlation was found for all methods in the controls (r= 0.83–0.94) and RA patients (r= 0.51–0.69). The methods did not overestimate Clcr in RA. In the RA group the simple formula published by Cockcroft [Clcr = ((140 − age) × body weight)/(72 × Scr), × 0.85 for females] showed the best correlation with the measured Clcr. In RA the Cockroft formula can reliably be used to predict Clcr from Scr.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    ISSN: 1432-0878
    Keywords: Key words: Leu-callatostatins ; Callatostatins ; Allatostatins ; Neuropeptides ; Peptide purification ; Immunocytochemistry ; Myoinhibition ; Codling moth ; Cydia pomonella (Tortricidae: Lepidoptera) (Insecta)
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Abstract. A neuroendocrine peptide of the Leu-callatostatin family, LPVYNFGL-NH2, has been isolated from tissue extracts of 5th instar larvae of the codling moth, Cydia pomonella (Lepidoptera). It is identical to a peptide previously isolated from the blowfly, Calliphora vomitoria (Diptera). The distribution of this peptide within the tissues of C. pomonella has been mapped by immunocytochemistry using antisera raised against LPVYNFGL-NH2. Midgut endocrine cells contain Leu-callatostatin immunoreactivity, as do several paired Leu-callatostatin neurones in the brain and ventral nerve cord. Within the visceral nervous system, the frontal ganglion contains four Leu-callatostatin neurones. Axons from these cells combine with others originating from neurones in the brain and project within the nervi cardiostomatogastrici to innervate the tissues of the foregut. In particular, the oesophageal valve has a prominent ring of Leu-callatostatin-immunoreactive fibres. The synthetic peptide, LPVYNFGL-NH2, has a potent reversible inhibitory effect in vitro on all visible forms of spontaneous contractile activity of the foregut, including closure of the oesophageal valve. Complete myoinhibition is observed at peptide concentrations from 10−10 to 10−16 M. These results, in conjunction with the results of similar studies on cockroaches, crickets and flies, suggest that the Leu-callatostatins are a ubiquitous family of insect neuroendocrine peptides with an important role in the control of gut motility.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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