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  • Diluting segment  (5)
  • Lichen sclerosus et atrophicus  (2)
  • 1
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Amelanotic malignant melanoma of the vulva (1996)
    Springer
    Archives of gynecology and obstetrics 259 (1996), S. 45-50 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0711
    Schlagwort(e): Key words: Amelanotic melanoma ; Vulvar neoplasms ; Lichen sclerosus et atrophicus
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Medizin
    Notizen: Abstract. We report on a 60 year old patient with a 6 month history of vulval pruritus and an erosive vulval lesion which was mistaken for lichen sclerosus et atrophicus. Histologically the diagnosis of an amelanotic malignant melanoma of the vulva was established. We review the literature about this rare malignant tumor.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s004040050134
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  • 2
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Amelanotisches Melanom der Vulva unter dem klinischen Bild eines „Lichen sclerosus et atrophicus“ (1996)
    Springer
    Der Hautarzt 47 (1996), S. 854-857 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1173
    Schlagwort(e): Schlüsselwörter Vulvaneoplasie ; Amelanotisches malignes Melanom ; Lichen sclerosus et atrophicus ; Key words Vulvar neoplasia ; Amelanotic malignant melanoma ; Lichen sclerosus et atrophicus
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Medizin
    Beschreibung / Inhaltsverzeichnis: Summary Malignant melanoma of the vulva is an uncommon disease. The amelanotic subtype is only rarely mentioned. We report a 60-year-old patient with a 6 month history of vulvar pruritus. Ivory lesions combined with erosions and fine `cigarette paper' – like wrinkling were suspicious for lichen sclerosus et atrophicus. Histologically the diagnosis of an amelanotic malignant melanoma was made. Amelanotic melanoma may present with a wide variety of clinical features. Even in the uncommon location of the vulva, amelanotic melanoma should be suspected in any nonhealing nonpigmented lesion.
    Notizen: Zusammenfassung Das maligne Melanom der Vulva ist ein sehr seltener Tumor. Die amelanotische Variante ist nur in wenigen Fällen in der Literatur beschrieben. Wir berichten über eine 60jährige Patientin, die sich mit einer chronisch nässenden Vulvaläsion vorstellte. Die weißlichen Herde in Verbindung mit Erosionen und teilweise zigarettenpapierartiger Fältelung der Haut ließen klinisch v.a. an einen Lichen sclerosus et atrophicus denken. Histologisch zeigte sich ein amelanotisches malignes Melanom. Mit unserer Fallbeschreibung möchten wir ein weiteres Beispiel geben für die große morphologische Vielfalt des amelanotischen malignen Melanoms.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s001050050520
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  • 3
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Chloride transport in the diluting segment of the K+ adapted frog kidney: Effect of amiloride and acidosis (1986)
    Springer
    Pflügers Archiv 407 (1986), S. S60 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2013
    Schlagwort(e): Amiloride ; Cl− transport ; Diluting segment ; K+ conductance ; Adaptation
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Medizin
    Notizen: Abstract The hypothesis was tested whether amiloride and/or an acute acid load influence Cl− transport in the diluting segment of the isolated-perfused kidney of the K+ adapted frog (rana pipiens). Transepithelial resistance (luminal cable analysis) and Cl− net flux (Cl− sensitive microelectrodes) were evaluated at various concentrations of amiloride, at highpCO2 or low HCO 3 − in the kidney perfusate. Amiloride or an acute acid load increase transepithelial resistance. The resistance-change at given concentrations of amiloride is markedly enhanced under static head conditions, i. e. at low luminal NaCl concentrations. Amiloride or acidosis (highpCO2) reduce Cl− net reabsorption; combination of both potentiates this inhibitory effect. We conclude: an acute acid load acidifies the cell cytosol. This effect is aggravated dramatically after amiloride-induced inhibition of the luminal Na+/H+ exchanger. The luminal pH-sensitive K+ conductance decreases. This results in a depolarization of the cell membranes. Consequently, the peritubular electrochemical driving force for the exit step of Cl− (from cell to blood) dissipates. Therefore, Cl− net reabsorption is blunted.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00584931
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  • 4
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Ca2+ transport in diluting segment of frog kidney (1987)
    Springer
    Pflügers Archiv 410 (1987), S. 63-68 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2013
    Schlagwort(e): Ca2+ Transport ; Diluting segment ; Furosemide ; Frog kidney ; Ca2+ sensitive microelectrodes
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Medizin
    Notizen: Abstract In the isolated-perfused frog (Rana pipiens) kidney the question of whether transepithelial transport of Ca2+ is a passive voltage driven process or involves active mechanisms was investigated. With conventional and ion-sensitive microelectrodes transepithelial electrical and electrochemical potential differences were measured. Luminal activities and transepithelial net fluxes of Ca2+ and Cl− were evaluated. Different transepithelial electrical voltages in a wide range (+20 to−4 mV) were generated by “chemical voltage clamping” and the dependence of Ca2+ net fluxes on these voltages investigated. The hormonal control of both Cl− and Ca2+ transport was studied by evaluating the effect of the cell-permeable cAMP analogue, db-cAMP and of the adenylate cyclase stimulator, forskolin. The experiments reveal that: (a) Ca2+ is reabsorbed along the diluting segment of frog kidney. (b) Ca2+ reabsorption is inhibited by furosemide because of the elimination of the transepithelial voltage. (c) There is a direct relationship between transepithelial voltage and Ca2+ reabsorption. (d) Neither Cl− nor Ca2+ reabsorption are affected by db-cAMP or forskolin. We conclude that Ca2+ reabsorption is passive, driven by the lumen-positive transepithelial voltage. It most likely occurs via the paracellular shunt pathway.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00581897
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  • 5
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Cell membrane potential: a signal to control intracellular pH and transepithelial hydrogen ion secretion in frog kidney (1987)
    Springer
    Pflügers Archiv 409 (1987), S. 289-295 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2013
    Schlagwort(e): Diluting segment ; Cell fusion ; Intracellular pH ; Cell membrane potential ; Frog kidney
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Medizin
    Notizen: Abstract The dependence of intracellular pH (pHi) and transepithelial H+ secretion on the cell membrane potential (V m) was tested applying pH-sensitive and conventional microelectrodes in giant cells fused from single epithelial cells of the diluting segment and in intact tubules of the frog kidney. An increase of extracellular K+ concentration from 3 to 15 mmol/l decreasedV m from −49±4 to −29±1 mV while pHi increased from 7.44±0.04 to 7.61±0.06. Addition of 1 mmol/l Ba2+ depolarizedV m from −45±3 to −32±2 mV, paralleled by an increase of pHi from 7.46±0.04 to 7.58±0.03. Application of 0.05 mmol/l furosemide hyperpolarizedV m from −48±3 to −53±3 mV and decreased pHi from 7.47±0.05 to 7.42±0.05. In the intact diluting segment of the isolated-perfused frog kidney an increase of peritubular K+ concentration from 3 to 15 mmol/l increased the luminal pH from 7.23±0.08 to 7.41±0.08. Addition of Ba2+ to the peritubular perfusate also increased luminal pH from 7.35±0.07 to 7.46±0.07. Addition of furosemide decreased luminal pH from 7.32±0.03 to 7.24±0.05. We conclude: cell depolarization reduces the driving force for the rheogenic HCO 3 − exit step across the basolateral cell membrane. HCO 3 − accumulates in the cytoplasm and pHi increases. An alkaline pHi inactivates the luminal Na+/H+ exchanger. This diminishes transepithelial H+ secretion. Cell hyperpolarization leads to the opposite phenomenon. Thus, pHi serves as signal transducer between cell voltage and Na+/H+ exchange.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00583478
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  • 6
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Relationship between luminal Na+/H+ exchange and luminal K+ conductance in diluting segment of frog kidney (1985)
    Springer
    Pflügers Archiv 405 (1985), S. S110 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2013
    Schlagwort(e): Diluting segment ; Furosemide ; K+-conductance ; Amiloride
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Medizin
    Notizen: Abstract Experiments were performed in the isolated perfused kidney of K+ adaptedRana pipiens to investigate the relationship between luminal K+ conductance and H+ transport in cells of the diluting segment. Inhibition of luminal Na+/H+ exchange by amiloride or by omission of luminal Na+ blocked luminal K+ conductance. Acidification of the kidney perfusate by elevation of pCO2 also reduced luminal K+ conductance. This effect could be prevented by furosemide. Since the steepest transcellular Na+ potential difference, directed from the lumen into the cell, is found when luminal Na+/Cl−/K+ cotransport is inhibited by furosemide, we conclude that luminal Na+/H+ exchange is most efficient at these conditions and thus could attenuate intracellular acidification.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00581790
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  • 7
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Evidence for Na+ dependent rheogenic HCO 3 − transport in fused cells of frog distal tubules (1987)
    Springer
    Pflügers Archiv 408 (1987), S. 291-299 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2013
    Schlagwort(e): Diluting segment ; Cell fusion ; Na+/HCO 3 − ; Cotransport ; SITS ; Acetazolamide ; Frog kidney
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Medizin
    Notizen: Abstract The mechanism of HCO 3 − transport was studied applying microelectrodes in “giant” cells fused from single epithelial cells of the diluting segment of frog kidney. A sudeen increase of extracellular HCO 3 − concentration from 10 to 20 mmol/l at constant pH hyperpolarized the cell membrane potential of the fused cell. This cell-voltage response was totally abolished by 10−3 mol/l SITS and significantly reduced by 10−4 mol/l acetazolamide or by omission of Na+ from the extracellular perfusate. Removal of Na+ from the perfusate caused a transient depolarization. Reapplication of Na+ induced a transient hyperpolarization. 10−3 mol/l SITS abolished the cell-voltage response to removal and reapplication of Na+. In the intact diluting segment of the isolated perfused frog kidney peritubular perfusion of 10−4 mol/l acetazolamide reduced the limiting transepithelial electrochemical gradient for H+ significantly from 30±4 mV to 14±3 mV. The results suggest: (i) In the diluting segment of the frog kidney a Na+-dependent rheogenic HCO 3 − transport system exists across the peritubular cell membrane. (ii) This rheogenic peritubular Na+/HCO 3 − cotransporter cooperates with a Na+/H+ exchanger in the luminal membrane, thus driving HCO 3 − reabsorption. (iii) Reabsorption of HCO 3 − and secretion of H+ depend upon the presence of carbonic anhydrase.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02181472
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