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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Archives of dermatological research 281 (1989), S. 193-197 
    ISSN: 1432-069X
    Keywords: Drug solubility ; Ointment vehicle ; Drug efficacy
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary In a bilateral paired comparison (randomized double-blind study) 31 dermatitis patients (atopic and contact dermatitis) were tested with two ointments containing 0.0056% betamethasone-17-benzoate. One ointment was applied on each side of the body. The topical formulations differed in their solution capacities for the drug by a factor of about 50 (solution-type: high mutual affinity between drug and vehicle; suspensiontype: low affinity). The different antiinflammatory effects were studied visually by assessing five symptoms: erythema, scaling, infiltration, lichenification, and excoriation. On the 5th day, 73% of the patients showed significant differences between the sides in favor of the suspension-type ointment (Wilcoxon test). Blanching tests on 30 volunteers confirmed the result. The in vitro drug release, however, was faster with the solution-type ointment. The efficacy of an ointment can be increased greatly, if the solution capacity for the drugs is low, and thus the partition coefficient between the stratum corneum (barrier of the skin) and the vehicle is high. As long as the barrier is not damaged completely, the difference in drug release is not the determining factor for the effect.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    ISSN: 1432-1173
    Keywords: Schlüsselwörter Lupus erythematodes ; Kutane Manifestationen ; Einteilung ; Klinische Symptomatik ; Sonderformen ; Keywords Lupus erythematosus ; Cutaneous manifestations ; Classification ; Clinical symptoms ; Distinct subjects
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Abstract Lupus erythematosus (LE) is a disease with a wide spectrum of cutaneous and systemic manifestations and has been the subject of many studies over several decades. Clinical features of patients with LE show a great variation, and for this reason it is difficult to develop a unifying concept of this disease. Consequently, this has led to the identification of subsets which have been defined by constellations of clinical and photobiological features, histological changes as well as laboratory abnormalities. Besides the characteristic classical forms such as systemic LE (SLE), subacute cutaneous LE (SCLE), and discoid LE (DLE), there are uncommon variants of LE which often lead to diagnostic difficulties. Bullous LE (BLE) and urticarial vasculitis are listed as characteristic but non-specific manifestations of systemic LE. LE tumidus (LET), LE hypertrophic/verrucous (LEHV), chilblain LE, and LE profundus (LEP) are uncommon subtypes of chronic cutaneous LE. Annular erythema and papulonodular mucinosis are further uncommon cutaneous manifestations of LE. This clinical review summarizes the typical features of the uncommon forms of LE in order to improve clinical diagnostic precision and to achieve a better differentiation of the subtypes.
    Notes: Zusammenfassung Der Lupus erythematodes (LE) ist eine Erkrankung, die ein breites Spektrum von kutanen und systemischen Manifestationen aufweist und seit vielen Jahrzehnten die medizinische Wissenschaft beschäftigt. Die große Vielfalt der klinischen Befunde erlaubt es nicht, ein einheitliches Krankheitsbild zu definieren, so dass eine Klassifikation verschiedener Subtypen, die sich bezüglich klinischer, photobiologischer, histologischer und serologischer Merkmale unterscheiden, eingeführt wurde. Neben den gut definierten klassischen Formen wie systemischer LE (SLE), subakut kutaner LE (SCLE) und diskoider LE (DLE) gibt es seltene Manifestationen, die immer wieder diagnostische Schwierigkeiten bereiten. Der bullöse LE (BLE) und die Urtikariavaskulitis werden als charakteristische, aber nicht spezifische Manifestationsformen des systemischen LE aufgeführt. Der LE tumidus (LET), der LE hypertrophicus/verrucosus (LEHV), der Chilblain LE und der LE profundus (LEP) werden als seltene Subtypen des chronisch kutanen LE betrachtet. Das anuläre Erythem und die papulöse Muzinose werden als weitere seltene kutane Manifestationsformen des LE beschrieben. In dieser klinischen Übersicht werden die charakteristischen Merkmale dieser seltenen Sonderformen des LE herausgestellt, um zum weiteren Verständnis und zur genaueren Differenzierung der verschiedenen Subtypen beizutragen.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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