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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Entomologia experimentalis et applicata 36 (1984), S. 253-259 
    ISSN: 1570-7458
    Keywords: Noctuidae ; Heliothis punctiger ; Bacillus thuringiensis ; microbial control ; model
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Description / Table of Contents: Résumé L'action de Bacillus thuringiensis Berliner (Thuricide® HPSC WP) contre les chenilles d'Heliothis punctiger Wallengren a été contrôlée sur des graines de luzerne lors d'un essai en plein champ aven un carré latin 4×4. Les doses appliquées correspondaient à 1120, 560 et 112 g/ha. Tandis que les effectifs de chenilles ont augmenté dans les carrés témoins au cours des 4 jours après l'intervention, un grand nombre d'entre elles a été tué sur les 3 types de carrés traités. Les effects des 2 doses les plus élevées ont été semblables; la mortalité sur ces carrés ayant été respectivement de 69 et 71% le 4ème jour. Les grosses chenilles semblent avoir été touchées au même titre que les stades plus jeunes. Un modèle permettant de prévoir la mortalité de l'insecte cible a été appliqué aux données de l'essai en champ. En utilisant les données statistiques sur le taux de consommation des chenilles, la quantité de spores de B. thuringiensis initialement déposée sur le feuillage et le taux d'inactivation des spores exposées aux conditions écologiques, on a pu obtenir une estimation de la dose moyenne de spores ingérée par rapport à la dose médiane de traitement. A partir de cette dose, il a été possible d'évaluer la mortalité espérée des chenilles de 3éme stade dans le champ. La valeur obtenue était 66%, tandis que la mortalité obtenue au bout de 3 jours dans le champ était 71%. La discussion porte sur les conséquences de l'obtention d'une mortalité dans la nature prédictible dans un programme de lutte intégrée.
    Notes: Abstract The effect of Bacillus thuringiensis Berliner (Thuricide® HPSC WP) was tested against larvae of Heliothis punctiger Wallengren on seed lucerne in a 4×4 latin square field trial. Application rates corresponded to 1120, 560 and 112 g/ha. While larval numbers in the control plots increased for 4 days after application, numbers were suppressed in the three treatments. The effect of the two higher rates was similar-mortality in those plots was 69% and 71% respectively on Day 4. Large larvae appeared to be suppressed to the same extent as younger instars. A model for the prediction of target insect mortality was applied to data from the field trail. Using the statistics of feeding rate of larvae, the initial deposit of B. thuringiensis spores on foliage and the rate of inactivation of spores when exposed to environmental conditions, an estimate of average dose of spores ingested at the median application rate was obtained. From this dose the expected mortality in the field for third instar larvae was estimated. This value was 66%, while mortality obtained in the field after 3 days was 71%. The implications of the attainment of predictable field mortality as part of an integrated control programme are discussed.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    ISSN: 1432-2242
    Keywords: Tissue culture ; Electrophoresis ; Storage proteins ; Mutation ; Triticum aestivum
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Summary Fertile r0 plants of the winter wheat line ND7532 (Triticum aestivum L.) were regenerated from callus tissue after 60–190 days in culture. Seeds produced from these self-pollinated plants were planted in the field. Of the 5586 R1 plants, 32 differed for one or more agronomic traits from plants not passed through tissue culture process. Gliadin electrophoregrams were prepared from bulk samples of R2 seed from these 32 plants. Four of the 32 produced gliadin patterns different from controls, so 12 seeds of each of these four lines were examined individually. Three of the four mutant lines were fixed for the presence of a mutant protein of 50 relative mobility units (RMU) and the corresponding loss of a parental protein of 26 RMU. The remaining line segregated for the presence/absence of band 50 and the corresponding loss/retention of band 26. The mutant protein of 50 RMU was never seen in control plants. This indicated that either band 50 was coded for by a mutant gene allelic to the gene that coded for band 26 or that bands 26 and 50 were coded for by two different structural alleles under the control of a common regulatory locus. Each of the 12 seeds from the four mutant lines contained a prominent protein band at 30 (RMU), which was only observed as a faint band in one control seed. The types of variation in gliadin patterns observed in somaclones of ND7532 were similar to those reported for the line ‘Yaqui 50E’, except that, gliadin changes occurred less frequently in ND7532.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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