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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Hemodynamic effects of sodium bicarbonate (1994)
    Springer
    Intensive care medicine 20 (1994), S. 306-306 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1238
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01708972
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Mixing and convection in the Greenland Sea from a tracer-release experiment (1999)
    [s.l.] : Macmillian Magazines Ltd.
    Nature 401 (1999), S. 902-904 
    Details
    ISSN: 1476-4687
    Source: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Notes: [Auszug] Convective vertical mixing in restricted areas of the subpolar oceans, such as the Greenland Sea, is thought to be the process responsible for forming much of the dense water of the ocean interior. Deep-water formation varies substantially on annual and decadal timescales, and responds to ...
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/44807
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Large decrease in ocean-surface CO 2 fugacity in response to in situ iron fertilization (1996)
    [s.l.] : Nature Publishing Group
    Nature 383 (1996), S. 511-513 
    Details
    ISSN: 1476-4687
    Source: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Notes: [Auszug] The equatorial Pacific and the Southern Ocean are the world's two largest high-nitrate low-chlorophyll (HNLC) regions. Numerous incubation experiments support the possibility that iron limitation could contribute to this situation12'14 To test the iron hypothesis under natural ...
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/383511a0
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Predictive value of cervimetric labour patterns in primigravidae (1982)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    BJOG 89 (1982), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1471-0528
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary. From a study of 2000 consecutive labours the outcome of the 684 primigravid patients admitted in spontaneous labour has been examined according to their cervimetric progress during the first stage of labour. A partogram and labour stencil were used to identify dysfunctional labour which was treated with a standard protocol of augmentation by oxytocin. This policy achieved labours with a mean‘observed first stage’ of 6.3 h and a caesarean section rate of 8.7%. There was one stillbirth due to multiple congenital abnormalities and no increase in perinatal morbidity. Our data show that the type of first stage cervimetric pattern is helpful in predicting the outcome of labour. A normal cervimetric pattern resulted in a vaginal delivery rate of 98.4%; primary dysfunctional labour, which could be improved by oxytocin, had a 93.8% incidence of vaginal delivery, but if there was no improvement in the rate of cervical dilatation when this was administered the vaginal delivery rate was only 22.7%. A prolonged latent phase was associated with a caesarean section rate of 16.7% and the incidence of neonatal intubation was nearly as high as that found in uncorrected primary dysfunctional labour. The neonatal asphyxia in secondary arrest was minimal with an overall caesarean section rate of 28.4%; there was no increased incidence of neonatal morbidity with this cervimetric type.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1471-0528.1982.tb04631.x
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Social and obstetric features associated with smoking in pregnancy (1982)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    BJOG 89 (1982), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1471-0528
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary. The smoking habits of 2000 consecutive pregnant women have been analysed in relation to their race, social features and obstetric results. Only 60% of white patients were non-smokers compared with 80% of blacks and 90% of Asians, and whereas 20% of white patients smoked heavily only 3% of blacks or Asians did. Smokers booked later and were more frequently unsure of their dates, unemployed, unmarried and defaulters from the antenatal clinic. The incidence of antepartum haemorrhage was doubled amongst the heavy smoking multigravid patients in spite of a slightly decreased incidence of hypertensive disease. More non-smokers required induction of labour for raised blood pressure, and more smokers for fetal distress. The most significant differences between the smokers and non-smokers were the decrease in mean birth-weight associated with increased smoking (3.31 kg for non-smoking primi-gravidae compared with 3.14 kg for heavy smokers) and the threefold increased incidence of small-for-dates babies amongst the heavy smokers. There was no significant difference in the perinatal mortality.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1471-0528.1982.tb04716.x
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    FETAL ACTIVITY IN 100 NORMAL THIRD TRIMESTER PREGNANCIE (1980)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    BJOG 87 (1980), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1471-0528
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: The incidence of fetal breathing movements (FBM)*, fetal trunk movements (FTM), and total fetal activity (TFA) was assessed in 100 normal pregnancies between 28 weeks and term. One 30-minute recording was made from each patient between 0900 and 1700 hours. The mean incidences of FBM, FTM and TFA were respectively 37±26 (SD) per cent, 18±10 per cent, and 53±24 per cent. The mean breathing rate was 48±12 per minute, and the mean number of movements per 30-minute study period was 29±15. There was a slightly higher incidence of FBM postprandially, but this failed to reach statistical significance. The mean incidence of FBM was lower before 31 weeks and after 40 weeks, compared to that between 31 and 40 weeks, when the values of FBM and FTM were constant. The breathing rate was directly related to gestational age. The mean number of movements per 30-minute study period was inversely related to gestational age, but the duration of movements increased progressively towards term, so that the incidence of FTM was constant throughout the third trimester. There was only one recording of TFA below 10 per cent.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1471-0528.1980.tb04582.x
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Prolonged pregnancy: is induction of labour indicated? (1982)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    BJOG 89 (1982), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1471-0528
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary. A prospective controlled study of 2000 patients to determine the incidence of postmaturity and the effect of a policy of non-induction of labour in prolonged pregnancy is reported.‘Certain postmaturity’ was identified in 4% of the patients and was associated with an increased incidence of babies with Apgar scores of 〈5 at 1 min; induction of labour at 42 weeks gestation did not affect the neonatal outcome compared with that in patients allowed to go into spontaneous labour. Induction of labour in patients designated as‘certain postmature’ and‘uncertain postmature’ reduced the number of vaginal deliveries and increased the caesarean section rate from 9.6 to 26.7 and from 2.2 to 31.2% respectively. The failure to improve the perinatal outcome does not support or justify induction of labour for uncomplicated postmaturity.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1471-0528.1982.tb04698.x
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Outcome of spontaneous labour in multigravidae (1982)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    BJOG 89 (1982), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1471-0528
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary. From a study of 2000 consecutive labours, the outcome of 847 multigravid patients admitted in spontaneous labour was examined. Labour was classified according to the cervimetric pattern, and response to oxytocin given according to a strict protocol with the use of a nomogram and partogram. The mean ‘observed first stage’ was 3·4 h, and the caesarean section rate 1·4%. Normal labour occurred in 88·5%, with a vaginal delivery rate of 99·5% in this group. Stimulation was indicated in 98 patients (11·6%), augmentation improving the rate of progress in 86 (87·8%) of these, with vaginal delivery occurring in all but one. Successful accelerated labour was not associated with any increase in neonatal morbidity as judged by Apgar scores, intubation or transfer to the special care baby unit. Twelve patients did not have improvement following augmentation and seven were delivered by caesarean section, including one following a potentially preventable uterine rupture. The greatest neonatal morbidity was in the group with primary dysfunctional labour that did not improve with augmentation. It may be that this was related to the mode of delivery rather than augmentation, as there was no significant difference in neonatal condition between normal and abnormal labour if vaginal delivery occurred.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1471-0528.1982.tb05095.x
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Obstetric characteristics in different racial groups (1983)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    BJOG 90 (1983), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1471-0528
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary. A detailed analysis of 2632 consecutive pregnancies in white, black and Asian women, who were delivered during the period 1978 to 1980, found significant differences between the three ethnic groups. Asian primiparae had the longest first and second stages of labour, with the highest incidence of prolonged latent phase (14%) and primary dysfunctional labour (30%). Black primiparae and multiparae had the highest incidence of secondary arrest in the first stage of labour (10% and 4% respectively) and of primary dysfunctional labour, with the greatest recourse to emergency caesarean section (13% and 4% respectively). The mean birthweight for singletons born between 37 and 42 weeks was 3.37 kg for white babies, 3.25 kg for black babies and 3.14 kg for Asian babies. There was no racial difference in perinatal mortality or morbidity in this survey.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1471-0528.1983.tb06759.x
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Prevalence of oral mucosal lesions in alcohol misusers in south London (2004)
    Oxford, UK : Munksgaard International Publishers
    Journal of oral pathology & medicine 33 (2004), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1600-0714
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Background:  Information on alcohol-associated oral mucosal lesions (OMLs) and conditions is meagre. A prevalence survey among alcohol misusers in south London was therefore undertaken.Methods:  Six hundred and ninety-three subjects (388 alcohol misusers and 305 alcohol + substance abuse) attending several clinical care facilities in south London between 1994 and 1999 were interviewed on their alcohol and drug habits. A comprehensive oral mucosal examination was performed, and soft tissue lesions found were classified by the clinical criteria of Axéll.Results:  Mean age of the sample was 40.5 years. The majority was white (92.6%); of the whites, 29.9% were Celts (i.e. Irish, Scots resident in London). Many subjects reported misusing more than one type of beverage. Two hundred and twenty-seven OMLs were found in 195 subjects (28.1%). The highest prevalences were found for frictional keratosis (8.8%), scar tissue of the lips (4.8%) and candidiasis (3.8%). Angular cheilitis was present in 21 subjects (3.0%). The alcohol-related OMLs detected were three white patches compatible with a diagnosis of leukoplakia and one treated oral carcinoma. No erythroplakias were detected. The differences in prevalence of mucosal lesions in the two groups were not significant (χ2 = 2.18; P = 0.14). The prevalence of tobacco smoking was high in both study groups. OMLs were found with all four types of beverages consumed, and there was little variation by the units per week consumed. Concurrent use of substances and alcohol did not make a significant difference to the prevalence of OML. In the logistic regression analysis, minority ethnic groups (Black or Asian), smokers, those with a body mass index (BMI) under 20 and beer drinkers had an increased risk of an OML in this group of alcohol misusers.Conclusions:  In comparison with previous oral mucosal screening programmes undertaken in several settings in the UK, the present study has yielded a higher prevalence of oral mucosal diseases and conditions in this risk population. There are several ways in which alcohol could contribute to these detected oral lesions, either directly or indirectly.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.0904-2512.2004.00142.x
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