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  • 1
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    The endosperms of common cereals contain related poly A +RNA sequences (1983)
    Springer
    Theoretical and applied genetics 64 (1983), S. 269-273 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2242
    Schlagwort(e): Cereal ; mRNA ; Prolamin ; Homology ; Endosperm
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Biologie
    Notizen: Summary mRNA has been isolated from the developing endosperms of four Triticeae species. Wheat endosperm mRNA has been used as a template to construct a bank of cDNA plasmid clones. More than 95% of these clones hybridized strongly to endosperm poly A+RNA but not to shoot poly A+RNA. 32P-labelled mRNA from species related to wheat was used in filter hybridizations to detect inter-species sequence homologies. The wheat cDNA clones can be grouped into 4 classes: clones hybridizing to wheat RNA only, clones cross-hybridizing to barley endosperm poly A +RNA, clones cross-hybridizing to rye endosperm poly A+ RNA, and clones showing homology to both barley and to rye RNA. Some of the sequence homology has been assigned to storage protein mRNA sequences.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00303777
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  • 2
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    The role of multiple binding sites in the activation of zein gene expression byOpaque-2 (1996)
    Springer
    Molecular genetics and genomics 252 (1996), S. 723-732 
    Details
    ISSN: 1617-4623
    Schlagwort(e): Opaque-2 ; 22 kD α-zeins ; Endosperm ; Transient gene expression ; Particle bombardment
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Biologie
    Notizen: Abstract Opaque-2 (O2) encodes a transcriptional activator of the basic domain-leucine zipper (bZIP) class, which controls the expression level in maize endosperm of the 22 kD α-zeins and a number of non-storage proteins. The interaction of the O2 protein at three clustered binding sites on an isolated 22 kD zein gene promoter has been investigated. O2 is shown to transactivate transcription from these sites in tobacco mesophyll protoplasts as well as in maize endosperm cells transformed by particle bombardment. The binding sites have been mutated by base exchanges, singly or in different combinations, to determine their contribution to transactivation in vivo in both the leaf protoplast and the maize endosperm system. The effect of these mutations on binding of O2 in vitro was determined by electrophoretic mobility shift assays (EMSA), using O2 protein expressed inE. coli. Two of the sites seemed to be equally effective in responding to Opaque-2 in vivo in both cell types, although one of them does not contain an ACGT core sequence, and has a lower affinity for O2 in vitro than the ACGT-containing binding site. A third site, which has the lowest affinity of all three, confers no detectable O2-dependent promoter activation alone, but significantly increases activation in combination with either one of the other sites. Hence, weaker O2 binding sites can still mediate major O2-dependent effects when present in target promoters in vivo.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02173979
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  • 3
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    The role of multiple binding sites in the activation of zein gene expression by Opaque-2 (1996)
    Springer
    Molecular genetics and genomics 252 (1996), S. 723-732 
    Details
    ISSN: 1617-4623
    Schlagwort(e): Key words Opaque-2 ; 22 kD α-zeins ; Endosperm ; Transient gene expression ; Particle bombardment
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Biologie
    Notizen: Abstract  Opaque-2 (O2) encodes a transcriptional activator of the basic domain-leucine zipper (bZIP) class, which controls the expression level in maize endosperm of the 22 kD α-zeins and a number of non-storage proteins. The interaction of the O2 protein at three clustered binding sites on an isolated 22 kD zein gene promoter has been investigated. O2 is shown to transactivate transcription from these sites in tobacco mesophyll protoplasts as well as in maize endosperm cells transformed by particle bombardment. The binding sites have been mutated by base exchanges, singly or in different combinations, to determine their contribution to transactivation in vivo in both the leaf protoplast and the maize endosperm system. The effect of these mutations on binding of O2 in vitro was determined by electrophoretic mobility shift assays (EMSA), using O2 protein expressed in E. coli. Two of the sites seemed to be equally effective in responding to Opaque-2 in vivo in both cell types, although one of them does not contain an ACGT core sequence, and has a lower affinity for O2 in vitro than the ACGT-containing binding site. A third site, which has the lowest affinity of all three, confers no detectable O2-dependent promoter activation alone, but significantly increases activation in combination with either one of the other sites. Hence, weaker O2 binding sites can still mediate major O2-dependent effects when present in target promoters in vivo.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02173979
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  • 4
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    A circular dichroic investigation of the secondary structure of lectins (1978)
    New York : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biopolymers 17 (1978), S. 2107-2120 
    Details
    ISSN: 0006-3525
    Schlagwort(e): Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Chemie und Pharmazie
    Notizen: The far-uv CD spectra of eight lectins are presented. These eight lectins, as well as others previously studied, are grouped into three classes according to their particular CD spectra. The eight lectins studied appeared to have secondary structure dominated by β-pleated sheet, which so far has been true of all lectins. An attempt was made to quantitate the three structural components (α-helix, β-pleated sheet, and aperiodic) in the lectins using the data for reference proteins given by Chen et al. [Biochemistry 13,3350 (1974)]. For lectins in two of the classes, this method proved excellent and values for the three components are given. However, for the third class of lectins, which includes most of the lectins as well as Concanavalin A, this method of analysis proved to be unsatisfactory. This inadequacy was due to two factors: (1) the reference proteins used by Chen and (2) the unusual CD spectra of these lectins manifested by considerable ellipticity above 225 nm in a region where there are no known peptide electronic transitions.
    Zusätzliches Material: 6 Ill.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/bip.1978.360170906
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  • 5
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Basic dyeability and acid content of high-conversion polyacrylonitrile (1972)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Applied Polymer Science 16 (1972), S. 3341-3351 
    Details
    ISSN: 0021-8995
    Schlagwort(e): Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Chemie und Pharmazie , Maschinenbau , Physik
    Notizen: Previous data have shown that the basic dyeability of acrylic polymers increases at a given specific viscosity as the peroxydisulfate-to-bisulfite ratio, that is, the catalyst-toactivator (C/A) ratio, is increased. This study represents an effort to understand better the role of the initiator system on the basic dyeability, the acid group composition, and the chain composition of acrylic polymers by preparing model polymers with radioactive initiators. As the C/A ratio is increased, the molecular weight distribution broadens as measured by the M̄v/M̄n ratio, the latter obtained by osmometry. There is also a significant effect of both C/A ratio and molecular weight on the sulfate group content per molecule, but there is no effect of C/A ratio on the number of basic dye sites per molecule, the number of sulfonate groups per molecule, or the weak acid groups per molecule. These effects can be explained by invoking a chain transfer to activator reaction in addition to the usual method of chain termination by recombination. The basic dyeability is found to correlate with the number-average molecular weight and with the number of strong acid groups plus the nonchromophoric weak acid groups.
    Zusätzliches Material: 4 Ill.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/app.1972.070161223
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  • 6
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    GPC analysis of model compounds. I. Phenyl- and benzo-substituted aromatic compounds (1970)
    New York : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Polymer Science Part A-1: Polymer Chemistry 8 (1970), S. 1165-1190 
    Details
    ISSN: 0449-296X
    Schlagwort(e): Physics ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Chemie und Pharmazie
    Notizen: A series of 36 compounds of known structure was used in a study to elucidate the mechanism of separation of gel-permeation chromatography (GPC). The various molecular dimensions were defined and measured for these compounds. The elution volume for these compounds was determined by GPC under specified and controlled conditions. The relationships between elution volume and molecular dimension were investigated using computer-based statistical analysis for the entire set of compounds and manual simultaneous equations for smaller sets of compounds. It was found that, as increasingly more molecular dimensions are considered, (1) the importance of the maximum molecular dimension Ap′ (the only dimension considered by many investigators) significantly decreases and (2) a significantly better prediction of the elution volume of these compounds could be made.
    Zusätzliches Material: 2 Ill.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/pol.1970.150080511
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