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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    A diallel analysis of heterosis in elite hybrid rice based on RFLPs and microsatellites (1994)
    Springer
    Theoretical and applied genetics 89 (1994), S. 185-192 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2242
    Keywords: Oryza sativa ; Hybrid vigor ; Molecular marker ; Yield
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract Hybrid rice has contributed significantly to the dramatic increase of rice production in the world. Despite this, little attention has been given to studying the genetic basis of heterosis in rice. In this paper, we report a diallel analysis of heterosis using two classes of molecular markers: restriction fragment length polymorphisms, (RFLPs) and microsatellites. Eight lines, which represent a significant portion of hybrid rice germ plasm, were crossed in all possible pairs, and the F1s were evaluated for yield and yield component traits in a replicated field trial. The parental lines were surveyed for polymorphisms with 117 RFLP probes and ten microsatellites, resulting in a total of 76 polymorphic markers well-spaced in the rice RFLP map. The results indicated that high level heterosis is common among these crosses: more than 100% midparent and 40% better-parent heterosis were observed in many F1s, including some crosses between maintainer lines. Heterosis was found to be much higher for yield than for yield component traits, which fits a multiplicative model almost perfectly. Between 16 and 30 marker loci (positive markers) detected highly significant effects on yield or its component traits. Heterozygosity was significantly correlated with several attributes of performance and heterosis. Correlations based on positive markers (specific heterozygosity) were large for midparent heterosis of yield and seeds/panicle and also for F1 kernel weight. These large correlations may have practical utility for predicting heterosis.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00225139
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Molecularmarker diversity and hybrid sterility in indica-japonica rice crosses (1997)
    Springer
    Theoretical and applied genetics 95 (1997), S. 112-118 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2242
    Keywords: Key words Diallel cross ; Hybrid rice ; Oryza sativa ; Restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP) ; Simple sequence repeat (SSR)
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract  The partial sterility of hybrids between the indica and japonica rice subspecies of Asian cultivated rice is a serious constraint for utilizing inter-subspecific heterosis in hybrid rice breeding. In this study, we have investigated the relationship between molecular-marker polymorphism and indica-japonica hybrid fertility using a diallel set involving 20 rice accessions including 9 indica and 11 japonica varieties. Spikelet fertility of the resulting 190 F1s and their parents was examined in a replicated field trial. Intra-subspecific hybrids showed much higher spikelet fertility than inter-subspecific hybrids except in crosses involving wide-compatibility varieties. The parents were surveyed for DNA polymorphism using 96 RFLP and ten SSR markers, which revealed extensive genetic differentiation between indica and japonica varieties. A large number of markers detected highly significant effects on hybrid fertility. The chromosomal locations for many of the positive markers coincided well with previously identified loci for hybrid sterility. The correlation between hybrid fertility and parental distance was low in both intra- and inter-subspecific crosses. The results suggest that the genetic basis of indica-japonica hybrid sterility is complex. It is the qualitative, rather than the quantitative, difference between the parents that determines the fertility of hybrids.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s001220050538
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    A numerical study of the effect of free surface and water depth on the stability of wakes: use of GDQ formulation (1997)
    Chichester : Wiley-Blackwell
    International Journal for Numerical Methods in Fluids 24 (1997), S. 1079-1090 
    Details
    ISSN: 0271-2091
    Keywords: wake flow ; free surface ; instability ; GDQ method ; Engineering ; Numerical Methods and Modeling
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Notes: The instability character of a wake in the presence of a free surface is examined by a recently developed GDQ (generalized differential quadrature) numerical method. It is shown that at low Froude number the wake near a free surface is convectively unstable, but when the Froude number is increased further it becomes absolutely unstable. The effect of water depth on the stability property of the wake flow is also investigated. It is found that the influence of water depth on the critical point of instability is limited to at most 20% variation in the complex frequency, while the change in temporal growth rate is also limited to about 20%. © 1997 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
    Additional Material: 7 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Design sensitivity coefficients for elasto-viscoplastic problems by boundary element methods (1992)
    Chichester [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    International Journal for Numerical Methods in Engineering 34 (1992), S. 947-966 
    Details
    ISSN: 0029-5981
    Keywords: Engineering ; Engineering General
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mathematics , Technology
    Notes: This paper is concerned with accurate and efficient determination of design sensitivity coefficients (DSCs) for solid mechanics problems with small strains and rotations, but with material non-linearities present (elasto-plastic or elasto-viscoplastic problems). This approach is based on direct differentiation (DDA) of the relevant derivative boundary element method (DBEM) formulation of the problem. Analytical differentiation of the DBEM equations leads to singular integral equations for the DSCs with weakly (logarithmically for 2-D) singular kernels which are easy to deal with. Also, stress components and their sensitivities are obtained on the boundary of a body with great accuracy. These quantities are typically difficult to obtain accurately from finite element methods (FEM).A computer program for general two-dimensional (plane strain and plane stress) problems has been developed based on the above formulation. Numerical results are presented for some sample problems and these are compared against direct solutions. The agreement between the DBEM and direct solutions is excellent for these examples.
    Additional Material: 9 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/nme.1620340318
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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