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  • 1985-1989  (3)
  • Chemistry  (1)
  • Daucus  (1)
  • Geochemistry  (1)
Materialart
Erscheinungszeitraum
Jahr
Schlagwörter
  • 1
    ISSN: 1438-1168
    Schlagwort(e): Tantalum ; Niobium ; Titanium ; Columbite ; Rutile ; Mineralogy ; Geochemistry ; Pegmatite ; Austria ; Ostalpen
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Geologie und Paläontologie
    Beschreibung / Inhaltsverzeichnis: Zusammenfassung Titan-Ferrocolumbit ist ein seltenes Akzessorium in den Spodumenpegmatiten der Weinebene, Kärnten, Österreich. Er enthält entmischten niobhaltigen Rutil und selten Einschlüsse von möglicherweise primärem Zinnstein. Die Zusammensetzung des TitanFerrocolumbits ist relativ homogen und weist die folgenden Elementverhältnisse auf. Mn/(Mn + Fe) 0,24 – 0,33, Ta/(Ta + Nb) 0,09 – 0,13 (Atomverhältnisse) und 0,47 – 0,88 Ti pro 12 Kationen (2,7 - 5,0Gew.%TiO2). Natürlich auftretende Kristalle sind strukturell merklich ungeordnet und erlangen durch Erhitzen einen höheren Ordnungsgrad. Die Mn/(Mn + Fe) sowie Ta/(Ta + Nb) Verhältnisse des niobhaltigen Rutil betragen 0,00 – 0,04 bzw. 0,26 – 0,38. Der niobhaitige Rutil ist im Vergleich zu Mn- und Nb-führendem Ferrocolumbit an Fe, Ta, Ti und Sn angereichert.—Die Seltenheit von Nb, Ta-Oxiden in den spodumenführenden Pegmatiten der südlichen Ostalpen steht in Übereinstimmung mit ihrer Zugehörigkeit zum Albit-Spodumen Typ der selten-Element-führenden Pegmatite (rare-element pegmatites).
    Notizen: Summary Titanian ferrocolumbite is a rare accessory mineral in the spodumene-bearing pegmatites at Weinebene, Carinthia, Austria. It contains abundant exsolved niobian rutile and scarce inclusions of cassiterite that may be primary. The titanian ferrocolumbite is relatively homogeneous with Mn/(Mn + Fe) 0.24–0.33, Ta/(Ta + Nb) 0.09–0.13 (atomic ratios) and 0.47–0.88 Ti per 12 cations (2.7–5.0 wt.% TiO2). Natural specimens are considerably disordered but become more ordered on heating. Niobian rutile has Mn/(Mn + Fe) 0.00–0.04 and Ta/(Ta + Nb) 0.26–0.38; it concentrates Fe, Ta, Ti and Sn relative to the Mn- and Nb-enriched ferrocolumbite. The overall scarcity of Nb, Ta-oxide minerals in the spodumene-bearing pegmatites of southern Ostalpen conforms to their general features ranking them with the albite-spodumene type of rare-element pegmatites.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    Bibliothek Standort Signatur Band/Heft/Jahr Verfügbarkeit
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  • 2
    ISSN: 1432-2048
    Schlagwort(e): Acer ; Daucus ; Cell culture ; Freeze-fracture (rapid freezing) ; Membrane recycling ; Plasma membrane ; Secretion (vesicle-mediated)
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Biologie
    Notizen: Abstract Freeze-fracture electron microscopy of propane-jet-frozen samples has been employed to investigate vesicle-mediated secretion and membrane recycling events in carrot (Daucus carota L.) and sycamore maple (Acer pseudoplatanus L.) suspension-culture cells. Stabilization of the cells by means of ultrarapid freezing has enabled us to preserve the cells in a turgid state and to visualize new intermediate membrane configurations related to these events. Indeed, many of the observed membrane configurations, such as flattened membrane vesicles with slit-shaped membrane fusion sites and horseshoe-shaped membrane infoldings, appear to result from the action of turgor forces on the plasma membrane. Individual cells exhibited great variations in numbers and types of membrane configurations postulated to be related to secretion and membrane-recycling events. In the majority of cells, the different membrane profiles displayed a patchy distribution, and within each patch the membrane configurations tended to be of the same stage. This result indicates that secretory events are triggered in domains measuring from 0.1 to about 10 μm in diameter. Based on an extensive analysis of the different membrane configurations seen in our samples, we have formulated the following model of vesicle-mediated secretion in plant cells: Fusion of a secretory vesicle with the plasma membrane leads to the formation of a single, narrow-necked pore that increases in diameter up to about 60 nm. During discharge, the vesicle is flattened, forming a disc-shaped structure perpendicular to the plane of the plasma membrane. As the vesicle is flattened, the pore is converted to a slit, the maximum length of which coincides with the diameter of the flattened vesicle. The flattened vesicle then tips over and concomitantly the plasma-membrane slit becomes curved into a horseshoe-shaped configuration as it extends along the outer margins of the tipped-over vesicle. Some coated pits are present interspersed between the above-mentioned structures, but their numbers appear insufficient to account for an exclusively endocytotic mechanism of membrane recycling. Instead, our micrographs are more consistent with a mixed mode of recycling of membrane components to the cortical endoplamic reticulum and to Golgi cisternae that involves both internalization of membrane by endocytosis and of individual lippid molecules by unknown mechanisms (lipid exchange proteins?). To this end, overall flattening out of the horseshoe-shaped membrane infoldings is accompanied by a retraction and reduction in size of their central, tongue-like structure.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    Bibliothek Standort Signatur Band/Heft/Jahr Verfügbarkeit
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  • 3
    ISSN: 0721-3115
    Schlagwort(e): Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Chemie und Pharmazie , Werkstoffwissenschaften, Fertigungsverfahren, Fertigung
    Notizen: The appearance of a significant deuterium isotope effect during the combustion of the solid HMX compound verifies that the chemical reaction kinetics is a major contributor in determining the experimentally observed or global burn rate. Burn rate comparison of HMX and its deuterium labeled HMX-d8 analogue reveals a primary kinetic deuterium isotope effect (1° KDIE) at 500 psig (3.55 MPa) and l000 psig (6.99 MPa) pressures and selectively identifies covalent carbon-hydrogen bond rupture as the mechanistic step which ultimately controls the HMX bum rate under the static combustion conditions of this experiment. The 1° KDIE value further suggests the rate-limiting C—H bond rupture occurs during the solid state HMX decomposition/deflagration portion of the overall combustion event and is supported by other independently published studies. A possible anomalous KDIE result at 1500 psig (10.4 MPa) is addressed. This condensed phase KDIE approach illustrates a direct link between lower temperature/pressure thermal decomposition and deflagration processes and their potential applicability to the combustion regime. Most importantly, a new general method is demonstrated for mechanistic combustion investigations which selectively permits an in-situ identification of the compound's burn rate-controlling step.
    Zusätzliches Material: 4 Ill.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    Bibliothek Standort Signatur Band/Heft/Jahr Verfügbarkeit
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