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  • 1
    ISSN: 1573-5060
    Keywords: Raparadish x Brassicoraphanus ; Brassica rapa ; Raphanus sativus ; amphidiploid ; intergeneric hybrid ; fertility ; resistance ; beet cyst nematode ; Heterodera schachtii
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Summary Raparadish, x Brassicoraphanus, the amphidiploid hybrid between Brassica rapa (syn. B.campestris) and Raphanus sativus (fodder radish) was made by Dolstra (1982). Primary hybrid plants grew vigorously, suggesting that the amphidiploid AARR might be useful as a fodder crop. Three populations of this new material were studied, with special attention to improvement of fertility and resistance to beet cyst nematode (Heterodera schachtii), whilst preserving genetic variability. For lack of progress one of the populations was abandoned after the fourth generation. The other two populations were observed through nine or ten generations. Apart from the last two generations mass selection for seed set was carried out on the basis of single plants. This led to a considerable increase in average seed production, without losing a wide variation for this trait. Thus more progress is being expected. Five cycles of mass selection for resistance to beet cyst nematodes led to a considerable increase of the level of resistance of both populations. The prospects of this new agricultural crop are discussed.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    ISSN: 1573-5060
    Keywords: Beta vulgaris ; Beta patellaris ; Agrobacterium rhizogenes ; beet cyst nematode ; Heterodera schachtii ; nematode resistance
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Summary Hairy roots, induced by Agrobacterium rhizogenes, were obtained of nematode susceptible beet plants (Beta vulgaris) and of the nematode resistant alien monotelosomic addition AN5, carrying a telosome from B. patellaris. The additional telosome was found to be stably present in vitro in the roots of AN5. The hairy root cultures were inoculated with larvae of the beet cyst nematode Heterodera schachtii. On the root culture of AN5 significantly less cysts developed than on the other root cultures. These results indicate that the resistance to the beet cyst nematode is expressed in the roots after transformation and can be monitored under in vitro conditions.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 3
    ISSN: 1573-5060
    Keywords: Brassica napus ; ×Brassicoraphanus ; Heterodera schachtii ; intergeneric crosses ; introgression ; meiosis ; nematode resistance ; Raphanus sativus ; rape kale ; oil-seed rape ; fodder rape ; raparadish ; radish
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Summary The possibilities to transfer important traits and in particular resistance to the beet cyst nematode (Heterodera schachtii, abbrev. BCN) from Raphanus sativus to Brassica napus were investigated. For these studies B. napus, R. sativus, the bridging hybrid ×Brassicoraphanus (Raparadish) as well as offspring of the cross ×Brassicoraphanus (Raparadish) ×B. napus were used. Reciprocal crosses between B. napus and R. sativus were unsuccessful, also with the use of embryo rescue. Crosses between ×Brassicoraphanus as female parent and B. napus resulted in a large number of F1 hybrids, whereas the reciprocal cross yielded mainly matromorphic plants. BC1, BC2 and BC3 plants were obtained from backcrosses with B. napus, which was used as the male parent. F1 hybrids and BC plants showed a large variation for morphology and male and female fertility. Cuttings of some F1 and BC1 plants, obtained from crosses involving resistant plants of ×Brassicoraphanus, were found to possess a level of resistance similar to that of the resistant parent. These results and indications for meiotic pairing between chromosomes of genome R with those of the genomes A and/or C suggest that introgression of the BCN-resistance of Raphanus into B. napus may be achieved.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 4
    ISSN: 1617-4623
    Keywords: Heterodera schachtii ; Beta vulgaris ; Monosomic additions ; Molecular markers ; Disease resistance
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Summary In cultivated beet no useful level of resistance of the beet cyst nematode (BCN) Heterodera schachtii Schm. has been found, unlike the situation in wild species of the section Procumbentes. Stable introgression of resistance genes from the wild species into Beta vulgaris has not been achieved, but resistant monosomic additions (2n =18 + 1), diploids of B. vulgaris with an extra alien chromosome carrying the resistance locus, have been obtained. Here we describe a new series of resistant monosomic fragment addition material of B. patellaris chromosome 1 (pat-1). We further describe the cloning of a single-copy DNA marker that specifically hybridizes with a monosomic addition fragment of approximately 8 Mb (AN5-90) carrying the BCN resistance locus. This marker and another fragment-specific, single-copy DNA marker probably flank the BCN locus on the addition fragment present in the AN5-203 material, which is approximately 19 Mb in size. Furthermore, several specific repetitive DNA markers have been isolated, one of which hybridizes to AN5-90 and also to DNA from a smaller DNA segment of Beta procumbens, present in line B883, carrying a BCN resistance locus introgressed into the B. vulgaris genome. This suggests that the specific repetitive marker is closely linked to the BCN locus.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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