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  • Homosexuality  (1)
  • lactation  (1)
  • 1
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Springer
    Behavior genetics 23 (1993), S. 313-322 
    ISSN: 1573-3297
    Schlagwort(e): Homosexuality ; sexual orientation ; familiality ; environment ; genetics
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Biologie , Psychologie
    Notizen: Abstract We examined data from a large cohort of homosexual and heterosexual females and males concerning their siblings' sexual orientations. As in previous studies, both male and female homosexuality were familial. Homosexual females had an excess of homosexual brothers compared to heteroxual subjects, thus providing evidence that similar familial factors influence both male and female homosexuality. Furthermore, despite the large sample size, homosexual females and males did not differ significantly from each other in their proportions of either homosexual sisters or homosexual brothers. Thus, results were most consistent with the possibility that similar familial factors influence male and female sexual orientation. However, because results conflicted with those of some other studies, and because siblings' sexual orientations were obtained in a manner likely to yield more errors than in these other, smaller studies, further work is needed using large samples and more careful methods before the degree of cofamiliality of male and female homosexuality can be resolved definitively. We also examined whether some parental influences comprised shared environmental effects on sexual orientation. Scales attempting to measure such influences failed to distinguish subjects with homosexual siblings from subjects with only heterosexual siblings and, thus, did not appear to measure shared environmental determinants of sexual orientation.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    Bibliothek Standort Signatur Band/Heft/Jahr Verfügbarkeit
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  • 2
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Springer
    Journal of mammary gland biology and neoplasia 2 (1997), S. 265-278 
    ISSN: 1573-7039
    Schlagwort(e): Pregnancy ; lactation ; glucose metabolism ; insulin responses ; homeorhesis
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Medizin
    Notizen: Abstract Increased glucose requirements of the gravid uterus during late pregnancy and even greater requirements of the lactating mammary glands necessitate major adjustments in glucose production and utilization in maternal liver, adipose tissue, skeletal muscle, and other tissues. In ruminants, which at all times rely principally on hepatic gluconeogenesis for their glucose supply, hepatic glucose synthesis during late pregnancy and early lactation is increased to accommodate uterine or mammary demands even when the supply of dietary substrate is inadequate. At the same time, glucose utilization by adipose tissue and muscle is reduced. In pregnant animals, these responses are exaggerated by moderate undernutrition and are mediated by reduced tissue sensitivity and responsiveness to insulin, associated with decreased tissue expression of the insulin-responsive facilitative glucose transporter, GLUT4. Peripheral tissue responses to insulin remain severely attenuated during early lactation but recover as the animal progresses through mid lactation. Specific homeorhetic effectors of decreased insulin-mediated glucose metabolism during late pregnancy have yet to be conclusively identified. In contrast, somatotropin is almost certainly a predominant homeorhetic influence during lactation because its exogenous administration causes specific changes in glucose metabolism (and many other functions) of various nonmammary tissues which faithfully mimic normal adaptations to early lactation.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    Bibliothek Standort Signatur Band/Heft/Jahr Verfügbarkeit
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