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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    International journal of legal medicine 90 (1983), S. 159-165 
    ISSN: 1437-1596
    Keywords: Alcohol, effect on the spinocerebellum ; Posturography ; Alkohol, Wirkung auf Spinocerebellum ; Posturographie
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine , Law
    Description / Table of Contents: Zusammenfassung Die Alkoholwirkung auf die Standsicherheit wurde in einem Akutexperiment bei 12 gesunden Versuchspersonen untersucht. Sie tranken innerhalb 1h 11 Wein. Die danach gemessenen Blutalkoholspiegel lagen zwischen 0,9 und 1,67 mg/ml. Die Standmessung am Ende der Trinkphase und 1h danach ergab bei geschlossenen Augen eine signifikante Zunahme der Körperunruhe, vor allem durch vermehrtes antero-posteriores Schwanken. Der Vergleich der Ergebnisse der Posturographie im Akut-experiment und bei Patienten mit umschriebenen cerebellären Läsionen verschiedener Lokalisation zeigt, daß auch im Akutexperiment, wie durch den chronischen Abusus, vor allem das Spinocerebellum durch den Alkohol in seiner Funktion beeinträchtigt wird.
    Notes: Summary The effect of an acute intoxication with alcohol on the stability of stance was examined in 12 healthy subjects. They drank 11 of wine within 1h. The resulting blood alcohol concentrations ranged between 0.9 and 1.67 mg/ml. Static posturography at the end of drinking and 1h later revealed a significant increase in body sway which was mainly due to an increase in anteroposterior sway only present with closed eyes. A comparison of the results of posturography after acute intoxication with the data of patients with permanent lesions confined to the different functional subunits of the cerebellum shows that the acute effect of alcohol largely resembles that of a chronic lesion of the cerebellar anterior lobe (the spinocerebellum).
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Experimental brain research 52 (1983), S. 423-428 
    ISSN: 1432-1106
    Keywords: Human posture ; Postural “reflexes” ; Change of latency
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary The functional role of spinal and supraspinal EMG-responses for the maintenance of upright human posture was investigated in ten healthy subjects standing on a force measuring platform, which could be rotated in pitch around an axis aligned with the subject's ankle joint. Voluntary changes of body posture prior to the platform movement by leaning forward or backward led to a change in the amplitude and temporal organization of EMG-responses as compared to platform movements starting from a neutral position. Tilting the platform toe-up while leaning backward led to an increase of the latency of the short- and medium-latency responses in the triceps surae muscle and to a decrease of the latency of the stabilizing response in the anterior tibial muscle. Functionally, a cocontraction of both antagonistic muscles could be observed which partly compensated for the destabilizing action of the “reflex” response in the stretched triceps surae muscle. In analogy, leaning forward and tilting the platform toedown led to a cocontraction of the two antagonistic muscles. The observed changes of latencies of short-, medium-, and long-latency response show the functional variability of segmental and suprasegmental “reflex” mechanisms. EMG-activities, which are functionally destabilizing posture, can be suppressed or compensated by reflexive cocontractions of antagonists.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Experimental brain research 45 (1982), S. 126-132 
    ISSN: 1432-1106
    Keywords: Human posture ; Induced sway ; Visual stabilization
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary Displacements of the center of foot pressure, the hip and the head were recorded in six subjects standing on a platform, sinusoidally tilting in pitch(anterior-posterior).Stimulusfrequenciesranged between 0.01 and 1 Hz. Stimulus amplitudes were 2, 4 and 6 °. With eyes open the displacements were minimal at 0.3 Hz. With eyes closed, however, induced sway was maximal at this frequency. The apparent lack of visual stabilization at the lowest frequency (0.01 Hz) might be attributed to a subthreshold velocity of the retinal image motion induced by the swaying body. A similar absence of visual stabilization at 1 Hz is assumed to indicate the limit of the working range of visual stabilization of posture. Independent of stimulus amplitude a phase lead of about 90 ° was found at 0.01 Hz. This decreased with increasing frequency up to a phase lag of 100 ° at the highest frequency (1 Hz). Head stabilization was generally more effective than hip stabilization. EMG recordings from the leg muscles suggest that with eyes closed the center of force is mainly stabilized by leg muscle activity, while with eyes open this stabilization is best, when vision allows for stabilization of body posture by intersegmental movements between head, trunk and legs.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 4
    ISSN: 1432-1459
    Keywords: Posturography ; Paraneoplastic cerebellar degeneration ; Cortical cerebellar atrophy ; Bronchogenic carcinoma
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary Neurological examination and posturography showed cerebellar signs in 13 of 50 unselected patients with bronchogenic carcinoma not complicated by other diseases. The occurrence of cerebellar signs did not depend on the histological type of tumour or the extent of tumour spread. Most of the clinically affected patients had mild to pronounced cerebellar atrophy, revealed by CT. The correlation between the amount of CT-confirmed atrophy and the severity of clinical symptoms, however, was poor. Since other reasons for cerebellar dysfunction (e.g. chemotherapy, chronic alcoholism, metastases) were excluded, cerebellar signs were attributed to paraneoplastic cerebellar degeneration or to a consequence of severe neoplastic illness. The high incidence of cerebellar dysfunction in patients with bronchogenic carcinoma confirms the frequent histopathological finding of cortical cerebellar degeneration in malignant disease.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Journal of neurology 231 (1984), S. 258-262 
    ISSN: 1432-1459
    Keywords: Alcoholic atrophy ; Alcohol abstinence ; Posturography
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary Postural instability was measured and short, medium and long latency EMG responses to angular displacement of the ankle were recorded from leg muscles in a group of 17 alcoholics who presented with clinical signs of cerebellar atrophy of the anterior lobe. Recordings were performed twice (average interval 18.5 months) to determine the effects of continued drinking versus abstinence on the signs of the cerebellar damage. Patients who were abstinent (n=11) exhibited a significant, sometimes dramatic decrease of body sway whereas patients who continued drinking (n=6) showed increased body sway when the eyes were closed. Short and medium latency EMG responses were unaltered in both groups of patients. The integral of the long latency response of the antagonist tended to increase with continued abuse and to decrease in abstinent patients.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 6
    ISSN: 1432-1459
    Keywords: Alcoholic neuropathy ; Alcoholic cerebellar degeneration ; Posturography
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary A total of 78 chronic alcoholics were examined neurologically as well as by electroneurography, myography and posturography. Clinical signs of peripheral neuropathy were detected in 45% of these patients, with electromyographic and neurographic abnormality in 67% and 55% respectively. Clinical signs of cerebellar ataxia were found in 33% of our patients, whereas posturographic measurements of increased sway were recorded in 69%. The posturographic characteristics of cerebellar anterior lobe atrophy were observed in two-thirds of the latter patients. The severity of cerebellar-ataxia did not correlate with the degree of neuropathy. This lack of correlation is interpreted as an indication of different pathogenetic mechanisms acting on peripheral nerves and cerebellum.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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