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  • Epiphytes  (1)
  • IRRITABLE BOWEL SYNDROME  (1)
  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Oecologia 83 (1990), S. 267-276 
    ISSN: 1432-1939
    Keywords: Amphipods ; Ampithoe ; Epiphytes ; Herbivory ; Sargassum
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Summary Herbivorous marine amphipods have been implicated as important grazers on filamentous and ephemeral algae, and thus as beneficial to macrophytes in reducing overgrowth by epiphytic competitors. In North Carolina, USA, amphipods comprise 97% of all macroscopic animals inhabiting the abundant brown seaweed Sargassum filipendula, and peak in abundance between late winter and early summer. I used outdoor tank experiments to test the species-specific impact of common phytal amphipods on the growth of Sargassum and its epiphytes. The results show that seaweed-associated amphipods are a trophically diverse group that could either increase or decrease host fitness depending on their feeding preferences. The amphipods Ampithoe marcuzii, Caprella penantis, and Jassa falcata each significantly reduced growth of epiphytes on Sargassum plants relative to amphipod-free controls, while Ericthonius brasiliensis had no significant effect on Sargassum or its epiphytes. However, amphipod grazing was not necessarily beneficial to Sargassum. A. marcuzii consumed Sargassum in one outdoor tank experiment, reducing its mass by 11%, while Sargassum plants without amphipods grew by 81%. Epiphytes (mostly diatoms and the filamentous brown alga Ectocarpus siliculosus) and detritus remained abundant on these plants suggesting that A. marcuzii preferred the host to its epiphytes. Similarly, when given simultaneous access to Sargassum and to several common foliose and filamentous epiphytes in the lab, A. marcuzii ate Sargassum almost exclusively. The other three amphipods ate no macroalgae. In contrast to A. marcuzii, C. penantis consistently reduced epiphytes with no negative effect on Sargassum. Thus the species composition of the amphipod fauna can determine whether these animals increase or decrease seaweed fitness.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Digestive diseases and sciences 42 (1997), S. 404-407 
    ISSN: 1573-2568
    Keywords: IRRITABLE BOWEL SYNDROME ; UROLOGICAL SYMPTOMS
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Irritable bowel syndrome patients often complainof urinary symptoms such as frequency, urgency, anddysuria, raising the possibility of inappropriatereferral to the urologist. To resolve this issue, the prevalence of irritable bowel syndrome wascompared in patients attending urological and controlclinics (dermatology and ENT). The overall prevalence ofirritable bowel syndrome was 31.2% in the urological clinic compared with 21.2% in the controls (P〈 0.001), but striking differences emerged, dependingon presenting complaint. Irritable bowel symptoms wereparticularly common in patients presenting with loin pain (male: 40.9%, P = 0.004; female: 50%, P =0.03), dysuria (male: 43.8%, P = 0.007; female: 46.2%,P = 0.01) and frequency/urgency (male: 31.7%, P = 0.002;female: 42.4%, P = 0.006), and the male/femaleprevalence was 24% and 44%. These results suggest that inirritable bowel syndrome, urinary symptoms includingloin pain can present diagnostic dilemmas in both thegastroenterological and urological setting, underlining the importance of specialists in these fieldsworking together in order to define better ways ofmanaging such patients.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
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