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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Presence of chondroid bone on rat mandibular condylar cartilage (1993)
    Springer
    Anatomy and embryology 187 (1993), S. 9-15 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0568
    Keywords: Chondroid bone ; Collagen ; Immunohistochemistry ; Mandibular condylar cartilage ; Secondary cartilage
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary Immunohistochemical techniques were used to examine the locations of type I and type II collagens in the the most anterior and the posterosuperior regions of the mandibular condylar cartilages of young and adult rats. Large ovoid and polygonal cells, which were morphologically different from any of the neighboring cells, e.g., mature or hypertrophied chondrocytes, osteoblasts, or fibroblasts, were observed at the most anterior margin of the young and adult condylar cartilages. In the extracellular matrix (ECM) of this area, an eosinophilic staining pattern similar to that in bone matrix was observed, while the peripheral ECM showed basophilic staining and very weak reactivity to Alcian blue. Immunohistochemical examination showed that the ECM was stained heavily and diffusely for type I collagen, while a staining for type II collagen was faint and limited to the peripheral ECM. Two different staining patterns for type II collagen could be recognized in the ECM: one pattern revealed a very faint and diffuse reaction while the other showed a weak rim-like reaction. These staining patterns were markedly different from those in the cartilaginous cell layer in the posterosuperior area of the condylar secondary cartilage, which showed faint staining for type I collagen and a much more intense staining for type II collagen. These observations reveal the presence of chondroid bone, a tissue intermediate between bone and cartilage tissues, in the mandibular condylar cartilage, and suggest the possibility of osteogenic transdifferentiation of mature chondrocytes.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00208192
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Glial cell line-derived neurotrophic factor-like immunoreactivity in the cerebella of normal subjects and patients with multiple system atrophy (2000)
    Springer
    Acta neuropathologica 100 (2000), S. 131-137 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0533
    Keywords: Key words Glial cell line-derived neurotrophic factor ; Human cerebellum ; Immunohistochemistry ; Multiple system atrophy ; Purkinje cells
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Glial cell line-derived neurotrophic factor (GDNF) has a trophic effect on various types of neurons, including cerebellar Purkinje cells. To investigate the role of GDNF in the human cerebellum, we examined the cerebella of eight control cases and eight patients with multiple system atrophy (MSA) immunohistochemically using a polyclonal anti-GDNF antibody. The antibody recognized a single band of approximately 34 kDa on Western blot analysis of human cerebellar homogenates. In the cerebella from normal subjects, the neuronal somata and dendrites of the Purkinje cells were immunostained intensely, as were some axons, including torpedoes, immunolabeled in the granular layer. Many axons and a few oligodendrocytes were also immunopositive in the white matter, and weak immunoreactivity was detected in the granule cells and neurons in the cerebellar nuclei. In the cerebella from patients with MSA, the general immunostaining pattern was similar to that observed in the normal subjects. Most of the remaining Purkinje cells showed strong immunoreactivity, and abundant GDNF-positive granular structures or dense arborizations of GDNF-positive dendrites were found in some areas of the molecular layer. These data suggest that GDNF may be mainly produced and localized in the Purkinje cells of the human cerebellum, even in patients with MSA, and that the functional impairment of the Purkinje cells of MSA patients might cause a focal accumulation of GDNF in the dendrites of some of the surviving Purkinje cells.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s004010050004
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Reappraisal of neurofibrillary tangles (1989)
    Springer
    Acta neuropathologica 77 (1989), S. 258-266 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0533
    Keywords: Neurofibrillary tangles ; Alzheimer's disease ; Pick bodies ; Immunohistochemistry ; Ultrastructure
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary We have studied the immunohistochemical reactivity and ultrastructure of both neurofibrillary tangles (NFTs) occurring with severe neurofibrillary diseases, and Pick bodies (PBs) associated with Pick's disease. The NFTs and PBs did not react immunohistochemically with the anti-nonphosphorylated neurofilament monoclonal antibody irrespective of whether they were pretreated with alkaline phosphatase. In granular neurons of the dentate fascia of Ammon's horn in cases of dementia of the Alzheimer type (DAT), NFTs either resembled PB-like inclusion bodies (Horoupian's inclusion bodies) in form, or had a perinuclear structure. Immunohistochemically and ultrastructurally, the NFTs in the dentate fascia in cases of DAT, including Horoupian's inclusion bodies, were similar to the NFTs in the pyramidal neurons of Ammon's horn, which are found most frequently in association with severe neurofibrillary diseases. Under a light microscope, Horoupian's inclusion bodies and PBs could not be differentiated and appeared to be argyrophilic round cytoplasmic inclusions in granular neurons of the dentate fascia. There were, however, ultrastructural differences. Horoupian's inclusion bodies consisted of bundles made up of straight tubules (STs), each about 15 nm in diameter. These bundles were intermixed with a few paired helical filaments which occurred at intervals of about 80 nm. On the other hand, PBs were composed of randomly distributed 15-nm-wide STs, intermixed with a very few fibrillary structures. These fibrils had a periodicity of about 160 nm, and ranged in width from about 15 nm to 30 nm. Horoupian's inclusion bodies associated with DAT and PBs associated with Pick's disease are different in this neuropathological aspect. The NFTs, including Horoupian's inclusion bodies in the dentate fascia in cases of DAT, are considered to be a manifestation of neurofibrillary degeneration.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00687577
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Membranous lipodystrophy (Nasu-Hakola disease) with thalamic degeneration: report of an autopsied case (1991)
    Springer
    Acta neuropathologica 82 (1991), S. 414-419 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0533
    Keywords: Membranous lipodystrophy ; Thalamic degeneration ; Neuropathology ; Autopsy ; Immunohistochemistry
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary An autopsied case of membranous lipodystrophy (Nasu-Hakola disease, NHD) with thalamic degeneration was reported. A 34-year-old Japanese man was diagnosed as having NHD by bone biopsy prior to the onset of clinical symptoms. His maternal grandfather and paternal grandmother are cousins, but this family history is negative for NHD. He developed frontal lobe syndrome at the age of 35 with progressive dementia, and died of acute renal failure at the age of 46. Gross inspection of the brain detected atrophy and softening of the cerebral white matter, predominantly in the frontal lobe. Microscopically, numerous spheroids, predominant fibrillary gliosis with less prominent demyelination “dissociation glio-myélinique” and scanty sudanophilic lipid droplets were observed, indicating the sclerosing type of NHD. An unusual pathological finding in this case was selective involvement of the thalamic nuclei with preservation of the other gray matter except for focal cortical necrosis. The topography of the affected thalamic nuclei is similar to that of systemic thalamus degeneration. An association with thalamic degeneration in NHD has not been previously reported. The present case suggests that NHD also affects the thalamus.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00296554
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Suppression of acute experimental allergic encephalomyelitis by synthetic serum thymic factor (1988)
    Springer
    Acta neuropathologica 75 (1988), S. 337-344 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0533
    Keywords: Experimental allergic encephalomyelitis ; Serum thymic factor ; Suppressor T cell ; Immunohistochemistry
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary Acute experimental allergic encephalomyelitis (EAE) was induced in Hartley guinea pigs and Lewis rats, which were then treated with synthetic serum thymic factor (FTS). When a dose of 30 μg/100 g body weight of FTS was subcutaneously administered to the animals on days — 1 (before inoculation), 4, 9 and 15 intermittently, clinical symptoms of acute EAE were suppressed. Histopathological evaluation showed that the severity of EAE in FTS-treated guinea pigs was less than in unteated guinea pigs. Immunohistochemical examination showed that the numbers of OX6+, W3/25+, W3/13+ and OX19+ cells in FTS-treated rats were less than in untreated rats and that the number of OX8+ cells in FTS-treated rats was greater than in untreated rats. These findings suggest that FTS induced OX8+ cells in inflammatory lesions and suppressed inflammation in acute EAE.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00687786
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Subependymal giant-cell tumor: Astrocytic or neuronal? (1983)
    Springer
    Acta neuropathologica 60 (1983), S. 271-277 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0533
    Keywords: Tuberous sclerosis ; Subependymal giant-cell tumor ; Immunohistochemistry ; Electron microscopy
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary Tissue from seven patients with tuberous sclerosis and subependymal giant-cell tumors was examined with special stains, immunohistochemistry, and electron microscopy. Immunoreactive glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP) was not found in the giant cells of four tumors, but was present in some tumor cells in the other three. Immunoreactive S-100 protein was present in tumor cells of six cases; it was also seen in more tumor cells than was GFAP. Electron microscopy was similar in all cases and showed that the tumor cells had numerous organelles — many dense bodies thought to be primary lysosomes, swollen mitochondria, Golgi complexes, rough and smooth endoplasmic reticulum, free ribosomes, and sparsely distributed intermeadiate filaments. In one case, neurosecretory granules, microvilli, and synapses were observed. In another subject, prominent, thick bundles of glial filaments were seen. These findings suggest that the tumor is made up of unique cells in addition to cells with recognizable neuronal or astrocytic features.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00691876
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Differential distribution of 68 Kd and 200 Kd neurofilament proteins in the gerbil hippocampus and their early distributional changes following transient forebrain ischemia (1992)
    Springer
    Experimental brain research 89 (1992), S. 31-39 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1106
    Keywords: Hippocampus ; Delayed neuronal death ; Neurofilament ; Immunohistochemistry ; Gerbil
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary The distribution of neurofilament (NF) proteins was studied immunohistochemically in the gerbil hippocampus with antibodies against NF68 (68 Kd molecular weight) and NF200 proteins, and changes in the distribution of NF proteins after transient ischemia were observed in order to investigate the temporal correlation between NF and delayed neuronal death. In the normal hippocampus, NF68-like immunoreactivity (NF68-LI) was densely distributed in nerve processes in CA2, CA3 and the hilus of the dentate gyrus but was less intense in CA1. In contrast, processes with NF200-LI appeared to be evenly distributed in CA1, CA2, CA3 and the dentate gyrus. Mongolian gerbils were subjected to transient ischemia for 5 min by bilateral carotid occlusion and subjected to immunohistochemistry 1, 2, 3 and 4 days after ischemia. Following transient ischemia, prior to neuronal cell death, the intensity of both NF68-LI and NF200-LI decreased in the whole hippocampal formation. This decrease was more obvious in the case of NF68-LI than NF200-LI. Four days after ischemia, when neuronal death of CA1 pyramidal cells had occurred, processes in CA1, particularly 68 Kd components, showed marked decreases in number and staining intensity, although processes in most layers of CA2, CA3 and the dentate gyrus appeared to be stained similarly to normal brain. Since NF68 protein is considered to be the major component of NF proteins and NF200 is an associated accessory protein, the current observations suggest that the poor distribution of NF68 in CA1 and the early loss of NF proteins may be closely related to selective vulnerability of CA1 pyramidal cells and delayed neuronal death.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00228998
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Proliferative cell nuclear antigen expression in follicular tumours of the thyroid with special reference to oxyphilic cell lesions (1994)
    Springer
    Virchows Archiv 424 (1994), S. 533-537 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2307
    Keywords: Thyroid ; Follicular tumour ; Oxyphilic cell tumour ; PCNA ; Immunohistochemistry
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract The expression of proliferative cell nuclear antigen (PCNA) in follicular tumours of the thyroid was examined by immunohistochemistry. Both usual nonoxyphilic cell follicular tumours (non-OCT) and oxyphilic cell tumours (OCT) were subdivided into benign, indeterminate, encapsulated carcinoma, and widely invasive carcinoma types. Among non-OCT the percentages of PCNA-positive cells in benign tumours, encapsulated carcinomas, and widely invasive carcinomas was 2.5%–8.6%, 11.8%–39.1%, and 18.6%–20.0%, respectively. There was a statistically significant difference between benign tumours and encapsulated or widely invasive carcinomas, as in previous studies. A value of 10% was appropriate to distinguish benign from malignant lesions. PCNA-positive cells in indeterminate-type non-OCT were not significantly different from those in benign tumours, ranging from 4.3%–19.6%, and occurring at more than 10% in three of six tuours. Among OCT the positivity was less than 10% in benign tumours (4.5%–7.8%) and more than 10% in malignant tumours (14.1%–35.9%) and all the eight indeterminate tumours (12.5%–27.3%), with a statistically significant differences between the benign tumour and each of the latter types. These results indicate that the examination of PCNA is valuable in diagnosis of thyroid follicular tumours and that the use of similar diagnostic criteria may be warranted in both non-OCT and OCT.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00191440
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    An immunohistochemical study of the extracellular matrix in oral squamous cell carcinoma and its association with invasive and metastatic potential (1994)
    Springer
    Virchows Archiv 424 (1994), S. 257-266 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2307
    Keywords: Extracellular matrix ; Immunohistochemistry ; Squamous cell carcinoma ; Invasiveness ; Metastasis
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract The expression of extracellular matrices (ECMs) laminin (LN), type IV collagen (IV C), heparansulphate proteoglycan (HS-PG), fibronectin (FN), tenascin (TN), decorin and vitronectin (VN) was examined immunohistochemically in 112 primary tumours and 29 metastatic cervical lymph nodes in oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC). In highly invasive primary tumours, the expression of LN, IV C and HS-PG in the basement membrane along the tumour-stroma borderline and the expression of decorin and VN in the tumour stroma at the invasive site were all significantly decreased. The expression of FN and TN in the tumour stroma at the same site was markedly increased. In peritumour stroma in metastatic lymph nodes, LN, IV C, HS-PG, decorin and VN were weakly expressed, while FN and TN were strongly expressed. Thus, the staining pattern of the ECMs in the metastatic lymph nodes was similar to that in highly invasive primary tumours. Furthermore, in primary tumours of metastatic cases, the expression of LN, IV C, HS-PG, decorin and VN obviously decreased, while the expression of FN and TN increased when compared with those of the non-metastatic cases. The investigation of ECMs in OSCC was valuable in predicting tumour behaviour.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00194609
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Immunohistochemical observations of dividing cells in olfactory epithelium using anti-BrdU antibody (1991)
    Springer
    European archives of oto-rhino-laryngology and head & neck 248 (1991), S. 298-301 
    Details
    ISSN: 1434-4726
    Keywords: Axotomy ; Olfactory cells ; Immunohistochemistry ; Bromodeoxyuridine ; Dividing cells
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary To examine the dividing cells in the olfactory epithelium, an experiment using a novel immunohistochemical technique with bromodeoxyuridine (BrdU) was performed. Tissue specimens were obtained from the olfactory epithelium of guinea pigs at days 7 and 21 after olfactory nerve axotomy. BrdU uptake was detected in the epithelial cell layer directly above the basal cell layer rather than in the basal cells per se. The BrdU-immunoreactive cells were found more numerously at 7 days than at 21 days after axotomy. The basal cells showed no immunoreaction to the anti-BrdU antibody on either day. The cells reacting with the anti-BrdU antibody also showed no reaction to the anti-cytokeratin antibody used to identify the basal cells. These findings indicate that the cells showing mitotic activity have characteristics different from those of basal cells, which has been considered previously to be the precursors of regenerating olfactory receptor cells.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00176759
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