Library

X
feed icon rss

Your email was sent successfully. Check your inbox.

An error occurred while sending the email. Please try again.

Proceed reservation?

Export
  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Asymmetrical effects of morphine and naloxone on reward mechanisms (1982)
    Springer
    Psychopharmacology 78 (1982), S. 219-224 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2072
    Keywords: Morphine ; Naloxone ; Cerebral asymmetry ; Self stimulation ; Rotation ; Reinforcement
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Rats with bilaterally implanted lateral hypothalamic electrodes were tested daily for self-stimulation to each side of the brain, and rotation (circling behavior) was recorded concomitantly. All rats rotated in a preferred direction regardless of the side of the brain stimulated and all rats had asymmetries in self-stimulation sensitivity related to the direction of rotation. Morphine increased rotation and lowered self-stimulation thresholds at low doses (e.g., 2.5 mg/kg) and decreased rotation and raised self-stimulation thresholds at high doses (e.g., 20.0 mg/kg). The changes in self-stimulation thresholds preferentially occurred on opposite sides of the brain, i.e., the low-dose decrease in thresholds was greater in the normally less sensitive side of the brain whereas the high-dose increase in thresholds was greater in the normally more sensitive side of the brain. Naloxone produced no changes in rates of rotation but did elicit small changes in self-stimulation that varied with the side of the brain, i.e., dose-related decreases in thresholds occurred in the normally more sensitive side of the brain whereas dose-related increases in thresholds occurred in the normally less sensitive side of the brain. Subsequently rats were tested in a choice procedure providing concurrent access to rewarding stimulation of either side of the brain; currents were titrated such that, under baseline conditions, rats continually alternated between self-stimulating one side of the brain or the other. Morphine induced a preference for the less sensitive side of the brain that was comparable in magnitude at all doses and independent of its biphasic effects on rates of responding. Naloxone induced a dose-related preference for the more sensitive side of the brain while not altering rates of responding. Naloxone (1.0 mg/kg) also completely antagonized the effects of all doses of morphine. The results are discussed in terms of lateralized actions mediating the discriminable effects of reinforcing drugs.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00428154
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Drug-induced rotation in rats without lesions: Behavioral and neurochemical indices of a normal asymmetry in nigro-striatal function (1976)
    Springer
    Psychopharmacology 47 (1976), S. 249-260 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2072
    Keywords: Rotation ; d-Amphetamine ; Apomorphine ; Scopolamine ; L-Dopa ; Haloperidol
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Normal unoperated rats were tested for rotation (i.e., circling behavior) in a spherical “rotometer” and dose-response relationships were generated using d-amphetamine, apomorphine, L-Dopa, haloperidol, and scopolamine. The rotation induced by amphetamine was significantly antagonized by alphamethyl-p-tyrosine and haloperidol, but not by diethyl-dithiocarbamate. The rotation elicited by apomorphine was unaffected by alpha-methyl-p-tyrosine. Rotation was not necessarily in the same direction with high and low doses of amphetamine, or amphetamine and apomorphine administered a week apart from each other. Dopaminergic-cholinergic interactions were evident, since pilocarpine antagonized amphetamine-induced rotation whereas scopolamine did not; scopolamine elicited rotation in the same direction as that induced by amphetamine. Left and right striatal dopamine and tel-diencephalic norepinephrine levels were determined in rats injected with various doses of amphetamine and tested for rotation. There were significant bilateral differences in striatal dopamine which were related to the direction of rotation. Since amphetamine was found to be equally distributed to the two sides of the brain, the difference in striatal dopamine appeared to be the neurochemical substrate for rotation in normal rats. These results suggest that normal rats have asymmetrical levels of striatal dopamine as well as an asymmetrical complement of striatal dopamine receptors.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00427609
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Apomorphine-induced rotation in normal rats and interaction with unilateral caudate lesions (1975)
    Springer
    Psychopharmacology 40 (1975), S. 329-334 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2072
    Keywords: Apomorphine ; Rotation ; Caudate Lesions
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Apomorphine (i.p.) induced rotational behavior (i.e. circling) in normal unoperated rats. This rotation increased with increasing dose up to 10.0 mg/kg, after which the dose-response curve appeared to plateau. Although there was large variability among rats, rotation for each rat was consistent in both direction and magnitude from week to week. Rotation was not antagonized by alpha-methyl-para-tyrosine. When rats with unilateral lesions of the caudate nucleus were tested with apomorphine, postoperative rotation was significantly influenced by the direction of preoperative rotation; rats rotated more postoperatively if the lesion was made ipsilateral rather than contralateral to their preoperative direction of rotation. These results suggest that there is a bilateral asymmetry of dopaminergic receptors in the nigro-striatal pathways of normal rats.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00421471
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Lanthanum and freeze fracture studies on the retinular cell junction in the compound eye of the housefly (1981)
    Springer
    Cell & tissue research 214 (1981), S. 541-552 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0878
    Keywords: Lanthanum ; Freeze-fracture ; Housefly ; Photoreceptor cells ; Extracellular space
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary The retinular (R) cell junction between adjacent photoreceptor cells in the house-fly ommatidium was characterized by freeze fracture, thin section and tracer (lanthanum) studies. Focal tight junctions occur between cells, and some P face ridge-E face groove correspondences are present in this intramembranal area. When colloidal lanthanum was introduced into the extracellular space (ECS) of the peripheral retina of the housefly, this electrondense tracer moved from the ECS (extra-ommatidial space), through the R-cell junctions and belt desmosomes, into the ommatidial cavity (OC = intrarhabdomal space) of each ommatidium. In the OC, lanthanum outlined a meshwork structure that pervaded this space. The evidence of this tracer movement suggests that there may be ionic continuity between the “traditional” ECS and the fluid bathing the individual rhabdomeres. The volume of the OC is calculated and we suggest that this space is part of the ECS. The functional implications of this postulate are considered in the light of: (1) the different functions of the peripheral and central cells; (2) the dissimilarity of rhabdomal membrane surface facing the OC compared to the “unmodified” plasma membrane of the photoreceptor cell facing the extra-ommatidial cavity; (3) the permeability properties of the R cell junction; and (4) the total ECS containing an ion store capable of sustaining current for the generator potential.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00233494
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The perineurium of the adult housefly: Ultrastructure and permeability to lanthanum (1981)
    Springer
    Cell & tissue research 217 (1981), S. 373-386 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0878
    Keywords: Perineurium ; Housefly ; First optic neuropile ; Transmission electron microscopy ; Lanthanum
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary The ultrastructure of the perineurial cells of Musca overlying the first optic neuropile was examined by transmission electron microscopy. These cells are somewhat similar to those of other insects but cytoplasmic flanges seem to be absent, and mitochondria are relatively large and sinuous. The intercellular channel system on the lateral border of the cells is relatively spacious and highly meandering. Perineurial cells are joined by septate, gap, and tight junctions, hemidesmosomes, and desmosomes. Tight and septate junctions bond perineurial cells and glial cells. These data are evaluated on the basis of tracer studies with lanthanum. This material penetrates the extracellular space between perineurium and underlying glial and nerve cells, between epithelial glial cells and retinular axon terminals (capitate projections), and between the α-β fiber pair in the optic cartridge (gnarls). If no damage occurs to the perineurial cells during tissue preparation, this passage of lanthanum to neuronal surfaces indicates that the blood brain barrier is incomplete in this restricted area. Supportive evidence for such permeance is based on electrophysiological data, considerations of membrane specializations in the optic neuropile, and Na+/K+ ratios of dipteran hemolymph.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00233587
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Pulsed discharge photoionization detector: Application to analysis of chloro alkanes/alkenes (1996)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of High Resolution Chromatography 19 (1996), S. 85-90 
    Details
    ISSN: 0935-6304
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: A windowless pulsed discharge photoionization detector (PDPID) is described which uses the emission spectra from the discharge in helium and Ar/Kr doped helium. The emission from helium is a continuum ranging from 13.5-17.7 eV which ionizes all compounds except neon. The emission from 5.4% Ar/He ranges from 9.3-11.8 eV and ionizes most organic compounds and many inorganic compounds. The emission from 1.36% Kr/He consists principally of the resonance lines at 10.6 and 10.1 eV. These PDPIDs are used to analyze a 12 component mixture containing principally chloro alkane/alkene. The relative responses of the PDPID combined with the relative retention time can be used to qualitatively identify the chloro compounds.
    Additional Material: 5 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jhrc.1240190205
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    A blood-brain barrier without tight junctions in the fly central nervous system in the early postembryonic stage (1992)
    Springer
    Cell & tissue research 270 (1992), S. 95-103 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0878
    Keywords: Blood-brain barrier ; Central nervous system ; Septate junction ; Tight junction ; Lanthanum ; Glial cell ; Maggot ; Delia platura (Insecta)
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary The anatomical basis of the vertebrate blood-brain barrier is a series of tight junctions between endothelial cells of capillaries in the central nervous system. Over two decades ago, tight junctions were also proposed as the basis of the blood-brain barrier in insects. Currently there is a growing understanding that septate junctions might possess barrier properties in various invertebrate epithelial cells. We now examine these two views by studying the blood-brain barrier properties of the early postembryonic larva of a dipteran fly (Delia platura) by transmission electron microscopy. Newly hatched larvae possess a functioning blood-brain barrier that excludes the extracellular tracer, ionic lanthanum. This barrier is intact throughout the second instar stage as well. The ultrastructural correlate of this barrier is a series of extensive septate junctions that pervade the intercellular space between adjacent perineurial cells. No tight junctions were located in either nerve, glial or perineurial cell layers. We suggest that the overall barrier might involve septate junctions within extensive, meandering intercellular clefts.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00381884
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Effect of non-complementary nucleotides on the rate of helix formation: Kinetics of formation of poly (I)·poly (C,I) and poly (I)·poly (C,U) complexes (1972)
    New York : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biopolymers 11 (1972), S. 1613-1620 
    Details
    ISSN: 0006-3525
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Apparent second-order rate constants for complex formation between poly (I) and poly (C) and copolymers of C containing non-complementary I or U residues have been determined spectrophotometrically. The rate constants decrease as the concentration of either I or U in the C strands increases-the effect seems insensitive to the species of residue involved, when differences in the thermal stabilities of the poly (I) poly (C,I) and poly (I). poly (C,U) complexes are taken into account. These results suggest that low concentrations of relatively stable defects can alter the apparent kinetic “complexity” of polynucleotides as determined by hybridization methods (C0t analysis).
    Additional Material: 3 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/bip.1972.360110808
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Studies on Antifungal Agents. Part 22. 3-aryl-5-[(aryloxy)alkyl]-3-[(1H-imidazol-1-yl)methyl]-2-methylisoxazolidines and related derivatives (1988)
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Helvetica Chimica Acta 71 (1988), S. 718-732 
    Details
    ISSN: 0018-019X
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: The synthesis and antifungal activity of a novel series of 3-aryl-5-[(aryloxy)alkyl]-3-[(1H-imidazol-1-yl)-methyl]-2-methylisoxazolidines and related compounds, are discussed. The synthesis of the title compounds was accomplished via a 1,3-dipolar cycloaddition of α-substituted ketonitrones with l-alkenyl phenyl ethers (Scheme 2 and 3). The compounds were evaluated for in vitro antifungal activity in solid agar cultures against a broad variety of yeast and systemic mycoses and dermatophytes. While antifungal activity was evident throughout the series, in general, derivatives having halogen atom(s) in either or both aryl rings demonstrated the highest potency, especially against Trichophyton rubrum and Candida albicans. The dichloro analog 20 (PR 967-248) was found to possess the most useful activity. Its minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) values ranged between 0.2 and 2.0 μg/ml, as compared to 0.2-20.0 μg/ml for the standard drug ketoconazole (4).
    Additional Material: 1 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/hlca.19880710406
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Studies on Antifungal Agents. Part 25. 1-[(3,5-Bisaryl-2-methylisoxazolidin-3-yl)methyl]-1H-1,2,4-triazoles (1988)
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Helvetica Chimica Acta 71 (1988), S. 1622-1629 
    Details
    ISSN: 0018-019X
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: The synthesis and antifungal activity of a novel series of 1-[(3,5-bisaryl-2-methylisoxazolidin-3-yl)methyl]-1H-1,2,4-triazoles 6 and 7 (i.e. 8-19) are discussed. The preparation of 8-19 was straightforward and highlighted by a regiospecific 1,3-dipolar cycloaddition of α-substituted (E)-ketonitrones 4 with appropriate atyrene derivatives 5 that led to a cis/trans-diastereoisomeric mixture of the corresponding triazoles (Scheme). The title compounds were evaluated for in vitro antifungal activity in solid agar cultures against a broad array of yeast and systemic mycoses and dermatophytes. The in vivo activity was determined in an immune-compromised mouse model of systemic candidiasis. While the in vitro activity was evident throughout the series, it was moderate in potency. However, some of the triazole derivatives demonstrated a potent in vivo activity comparable to that of the standard drug ketoconazole. Analogue 12 (PR 988-399) emerged as the best overall compound demonstrating potent antifungal activity in both in vitro and in vivo assays.
    Additional Material: 3 Tab.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/hlca.19880710706
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
Close ⊗
This website uses cookies and the analysis tool Matomo. More information can be found here...