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  • Chemistry  (2)
  • Laparoscopic cholecystectomy  (2)
  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Confirmation of a “safety zone” by intraoperative cholangiography during laparoscopic cholecystectomy (1996)
    Springer
    Surgical endoscopy and other interventional techniques 10 (1996), S. 798-800 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2218
    Keywords: Laparoscopic cholecystectomy ; Intraoperative cholangiography ; Safety zone
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Background: Creating a “safety zone” during laparoscopic cholecystectomy is defined as dissection of the cystic duct as close as possible to the gallbladder. Methods: In 29 out of 802 cases in which laparoscopic cholecystectomy was difficult to perform due to uncertainty about the orientation of Calot's triangle, intraoperative cholangiography was performed, using a titanium clip as a marker that designated the safety zone. The distance between the clip and the common hepatic duct or the common bile duct could be determined by evaluation of two intraoperative cholangiograms taken in different orientation. Results: If the clip was located in the safety zone, and was distant from the common hepatic duct or common bile duct, the safety of preparation around the clip was ensured. No complication was encountered in these cases with this method. Eventually, no biliary tract injury was experienced, and the overall conversion rate to open cholecystectomy was only 0.4% (3 of 802 consecutive cases). Conclusions: This method of confirming the safety zone by intraoperative cholangiography is a useful procedure for avoiding inadvertent injury to the biliary tract.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00189536
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Lower-extremity venous stasis during laparoscopic cholecystectomy as assessed using color Doppler ultrasound (1995)
    Springer
    Surgical endoscopy and other interventional techniques 9 (1995), S. 310-313 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2218
    Keywords: Laparoscopic cholecystectomy ; Color doppler ultrasound ; Lower-extremity venous stasis ; Deep vein thrombosis
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Lower-extremity venous stasis during laparoscopic cholecystectomy was evaluated in 16 patients by monitoring the blood velocity in the femoral vein and the femoral vein size (cross-sectional area) using color Doppler ultrasonography. The blood velocity in the femoral vein decreased significantly after the start of 10-mmHg abdominal insufflation in the supine position. When the patients were placed in a reverse Trendelenburg position during 10-mmHg insufflation, blood velocity in the femoral vein further decreased. However, velocity returned to the baseline after deflation. The cross-sectional area of the femoral vein was significantly elevated after the start of 10 mm Hg insufflation in the supine position. When patients were placed in the reverse Trendelenburg position during 10-mmHg insufflation, this parameter was further elevated, but returned to the baseline soon after deflation. These results indicate that femoral vein stasis during laparoscopic cholecystectomy can be minimized by reducing the pressure of abdominal insufflation and avoiding elevation of the patient's head as much as possible.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00187775
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Iodinated polystyrene: An ion-millable negative resist (1980)
    Stamford, Conn. [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Polymer Engineering and Science 20 (1980), S. 1054-1057 
    Details
    ISSN: 0032-3888
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Chemical Engineering
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: Iodinated polystyrene (IPS) is obtained by direct iodination of polystyrene and its lithographic characteristics are investigated. The sensitivity of the polymer to electron beams is increased as the result of iodination by a factor of about 10 and reaches 1 μC/cm2. Coated IPS films are very stable and no changes in exposure characteristics are observed even after pre-baking at 220°C for 10 min. It is found that crosslinking does not proceed in a vacuum after electron beam exposure. The milling rate of IPS under Ar+ bombardment is measured to be 0.25 nm/s. This is lower than that of poly(glycidyl methacrylate-co-ethyl acrylate) (0.67 nm/s) and that of permalloy (0.42 nm/s), both obtained under the same conditions. The mechanism of sensitization by iodination is discussed.
    Additional Material: 7 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/pen.760201603
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Rate-enhancing effect of polyelectrolytes on interionic reactions. High-pressure influence on aquation of Co(NH3)5 Br2+ with various metal ions and role of dehydration (1976)
    New York : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Polymer Science: Polymer Letters Edition 14 (1976), S. 667-669 
    Details
    ISSN: 0360-6384
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Additional Material: 2 Tab.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/pol.1976.130141106
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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