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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Altered brain cholinergic enzymes activity in the genetically obese rat (1991)
    Springer
    Cellular and molecular life sciences 47 (1991), S. 833-835 
    Details
    ISSN: 1420-9071
    Keywords: Choline acetyltransferase ; acetylcholinesterase ; obesity
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary Genetically obese male Zucker rats (fa/fa) and their lean littermates (Fa/-) were used in this experiment. Fourteen-week-old obese and lean littermates were sacrificed and choline acetyltransferase (ChAT) and acetylcholinesterase (AChE) enzymes were assayed in specific brain regions. The assays of these enzymes indicate that obese animals and a significantly lower ChAT activity in the cerebellum, pons, and cerebral cortex and a significant increase in ChAT activity in the thalamus and hypothalamus. Meanwhile, the cerebral cortex, cerebellum, midbrain, thalamus and hypothalamus of the obese animals showed significantly higher AChE activity than their lean littermates. It was concluded from this study that obesity may be associated with changes in the enzymes of the brain cholinergic system.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01922466
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The response of runners to arduous triathlon competition (1986)
    Springer
    European journal of applied physiology 55 (1986), S. 405-409 
    Details
    ISSN: 1439-6327
    Keywords: Cortisol ; Iron ; Maximal oxygen consumption ; Performance ; Endurance exercise
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary As very few of the competitors in a triathlon are truly specialist in more than one of the three disciplines, high levels of physical (and mental) stress may result during the course of the event. We investigated some of the physiological responses occurring in runners participating in an “Iron Man” triathlon consisting of canoeing (20 km), cycling (90 km) and running (42 km), in that sequence. Twenty-one male entrants volunteered as subjects for the study. Prior to the competition, maximal oxygen consumption ( $$\dot V_{{\text{O}}_{{\text{2max}}} }$$ ) was determined. Basal venous blood samples were collected on the day prior to the competition and post-exercise venous blood samples were collected within 5 minutes of completion of the race. Serum iron was significantly reduced from a mean basal value of 20.6 Μmol · l−1 to a mean value of 8.4 Μmol · l−1 after the race. Cortisol levels showed a 3 fold increase after the race. Gross $$\dot V_{{\text{O}}_{{\text{2max}}} }$$ (l · min−1) and mass standardised $$\dot V_{{\text{O}}_{{\text{2max}}} }$$ (ml · min−1 · kg−1) were both negatively correlated to cortisol levels after the race (p〈0.05). Total performance time was not related to gross $$\dot V_{{\text{O}}_{{\text{2max}}} }$$ (l · min−1) but was well correlated to mass corrected $$\dot V_{{\text{O}}_{{\text{2max}}} }$$ (ml · min−1 · kg−1). The marked fall in serum iron may have been related to heavy sweating or prelatent iron deficiency. Chronic iron deficiency (without frank anaemia) can impair physical performance, although we were unable to show any significant correlation between serum iron level after the race and time taken to complete the event. The subjects with a lower $$\dot V_{{\text{O}}_{{\text{2max}}} }$$ (ml · min−1 · kg−1) had a higher cortisol concentration. In spite of a longer performance time, these subjects were apparently still exposed to greater physiological strain.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00422741
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
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