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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Altered brain cholinergic enzymes activity in the genetically obese rat (1991)
    Springer
    Cellular and molecular life sciences 47 (1991), S. 833-835 
    Details
    ISSN: 1420-9071
    Keywords: Choline acetyltransferase ; acetylcholinesterase ; obesity
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary Genetically obese male Zucker rats (fa/fa) and their lean littermates (Fa/-) were used in this experiment. Fourteen-week-old obese and lean littermates were sacrificed and choline acetyltransferase (ChAT) and acetylcholinesterase (AChE) enzymes were assayed in specific brain regions. The assays of these enzymes indicate that obese animals and a significantly lower ChAT activity in the cerebellum, pons, and cerebral cortex and a significant increase in ChAT activity in the thalamus and hypothalamus. Meanwhile, the cerebral cortex, cerebellum, midbrain, thalamus and hypothalamus of the obese animals showed significantly higher AChE activity than their lean littermates. It was concluded from this study that obesity may be associated with changes in the enzymes of the brain cholinergic system.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01922466
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Y-intercept of the maximal work-duration relationship and anaerobic capacity in cyclists (1994)
    Springer
    European journal of applied physiology 69 (1994), S. 550-556 
    Details
    ISSN: 1439-6327
    Keywords: Muscle ; Metabolism ; Enzymes ; Buffer value
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract The degree to which the y-intercept (Y-int) of the linear regression of maximal work output on exercise duration represented anaerobic capacity was determined in ten well-trained male cyclists [peak oxygen uptake ( $$\dot V{\text{O}}_{{\text{2peak}}} $$ = 69.8 (SD 4.2) ml · kg −1 · min −1). Each cyclist performed three exhausting cycle sessions on separate occasions; the mean exercise durations were 312, 243 and 141 s for the low (approximately 104% $$\dot V{\text{O}}_{{\text{2peak}}} $$ , medium (approximately 108% $$\dot V{\text{O}}_{{\text{2peak}}} $$ and high (approximately 113% $$\dot V{\text{O}}_{{\text{2peak}}} $$ intensities respectively, and Y-int (kilojoules; joules per kilogram was derived from the regression of work output on exercise duration. The muscle anaerobic adenosine 5′-triphosphate (ATP) yield (ΣATP) and anaerobic capacity (AC) were estimated from changes in metabolites in the vastus lateralis muscle and blood lactate concentration during the high intensity cycling session. The activities of glycogen phosphorylase, phosphofructokinase and citrate synthase, as well as muscle buffer value (in vitro β) were also determined. The Y-int (kilojoules) was positively correlated (P≤0.05) with AC (r=0.73), ΣATP (r=0.70) and in vitro β (r=0.71); similar correlations (P≤0.05) were observed for Y-int (joules per kilogram). The Y-int was not correlated (P〉0.05) with any enzyme activity. When the Y-int was transformed into oxygen equivalents [litres of oxygen equivalent (1 O2 Eq)] it was, on average, 0.92 1 O2 Eq lower than AC (P≤0.05); however, an alternative method of establishing the work-duration regression yielded a mean Y-int which was only 0.19 1 O2 Eq less than AC (P≥0.05). These findings support the validity of Y-int as a work estimate of anaerobic capacity in well-trained cyclists.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00239874
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
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