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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Response of olfactory receptor neurons in honeybees to odorants and their binary mixtures (1993)
    Springer
    Journal of comparative physiology 173 (1993), S. 169-185 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1351
    Keywords: Honeybee ; Olfaction ; Synergism ; Inhibition ; Concentration
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Recordings were made from single sensilla placodea of the worker honeybee (Apis mellifera). The sensilla were stimulated with one of two sets of four compounds and their binary mixtures, at two dosage levels. Aromatic compounds comprised one set, and saturated n-octane derivatives comprised the other set. Correlation, principal component, and cluster analyses indicate that responses to binary mixtures are not linear combinations of responses to the component compounds. The first principal component indicated that neuronal units had either more excitatory or more inhibitory responses to all odorants than would be expected from a model where inhibitory and excitatory responses are randomly distributed among the neuronal units. When compared to the responses to the component odorants, synergistic responses to binary odors occurred more often than would be expected by chance. Clear inhibitory responses to binary odors were less prevalent. This study agrees with an earlier study employing aromatic odorants in that most of the aromatic odorants each had groups of receptor neurons that were relatively selective for it, and each odorant had a distinctly different number of receptor neurons selective for it. Among the octane derivatives, receptor neurons were selective for the level of oxidation of the functional group or its site of attachment, rather than specific compounds.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00192976
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Mammary Involution in Dairy Animals (1999)
    Springer
    Journal of mammary gland biology and neoplasia 4 (1999), S. 137-144 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-7039
    Keywords: MAMMARY INVOLUTION ; CELL TURNOVER ; APOPTOSIS
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Lifetime milk production is maximized when dairycows are pregnant during approximately 70% of eachlactation. Between lactations, a nonlactating period isnecessary for optimal milk production in the succeeding lactation. With cessation of milking, alveolarstructure is largely maintained and little or no loss ofcells occurs. However, increased apoptosis and cellproliferation, relative to that in lactating glands during the same stage of gestation, suggestthat a nonlactating period serves to promote cellturnover prior to the next lactation. Even in theabsence of pregnancy, mammary involution in dairyanimals occurs at a slower rate than in rodents;alveolar structure is maintained for several weeks andlactation can be reinitiated after four weeks or more ofinvolution. Although apoptosis appears to be initiated within a similar time frame to that in rodents,the maximum proportion of apoptotic epithelial cellsappears to be lower than in rodents, and apoptosis maybe accompanied by an initial increase in cell proliferation. The ability to manipulateapoptosis and cell proliferation during the nonlactatingperiod and during lactation is expected to provideenormous benefits to the dairy industry.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1018769022990
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Interactions between components of the aggregation pheromone during chemotaxis by the bark beetleIps paraconfusus (1993)
    Springer
    Journal of chemical ecology 19 (1993), S. 863-879 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-1561
    Keywords: Olfaction ; ipsenol ; ipsdienol ; cis-verbenol ; chemotaxis ; perception ; discrimination ; neural models ; logit models ; stimulus-response models ; Ips paraconfusus ; Coleoptera ; Scolytidae
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Abstract The male-produced aggregation pheromone inIps paraconfusus is composed of three compounds. Female bark beetles were exposed to combinations of these compounds, presented as point sources in an enclosed, circular arena. By itself,cis-verbenol (cV) had no effect on the number of beetles that reached the source. Either ipsenol (Ip) alone or ipsdienol (Id) alone strongly increased the number that reached the source, with Id producing a dose-response curve with a much steeper slope. cV moved the onset of the response to Id to higher doses of Id, but the response rose more rapidly after onset than when cV was absent. Overall, cV inhibited the effect of Id except at the highest dose. cV affected the onset of the response to Ip little or none, but strongly increased the slope of the response, synergizing the effect of Ip. The responses to combinations of Id and Ip were related to the log of a linear combination of their doses. The results are consistent with a model where Id and Ip act at a single site of action, but with different potencies, while cV appears to modify the effects of Id and Ip, rather than affecting the site of action directly.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00985016
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
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