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  • 1990-1994  (4)
  • Inorganic Chemistry  (2)
  • Ontogeny  (2)
  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Audiovocal interactions during development? Vocalisation in deafened young horseshoe bats vs. audition in vocalisation-impaired bats (1990)
    Springer
    Journal of comparative physiology 167 (1990), S. 771-784 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1351
    Keywords: Ontogeny ; Audition ; Vocalisation ; Sensorimotor interaction ; Rhinolophus rouxi
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary Horseshoe bats (Rhinolophus rouxi) were deafened in their 3rd–5th postnatal week. Subsequently their vocalisations were monitored to evaluate the impact of audition on the development of echolocation pulses. Hearing impairment affected the echolocation pulses as follows: the frequency of the constant frequency (CF) component was altered by between + 4 kHz and − 14 kHz, and the dominance of the second harmonic of the pulses was neutralised by a relative increase in intensity of the first and third harmonics. A second experiment focused on possible influences of acoustical self-stimulation with echolocation pulses on the establishment of auditory fovea representation in the inferior colliculus (IC). Frequency control of echolocation pulses was disrupted by larynx denervation. Thereafter, the bats produced multiharmonic echolocation signals (4–11 harmonics) varying in frequency. IC tonotopy, however, as monitored by stereotaxic electrophysiology, showed the same developmental dynamics as seen in control specimens (Fig. 10). Both experiments indicate that throughout postnatal development echolocation pulses are under auditory feedback control, whereas maturation of the auditory fovea and shifts in its frequency tuning represent an innate process. The significance of this postnatal development might be the adjustment of the vocal motor system of each bat to the frequency of its ‘personal’ auditory fovea.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00189767
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Ontogenesis of auditory fovea representation in the inferior colliculus of the Sri Lankan rufous horseshoe bat, Rhinolophus rouxi (1990)
    Springer
    Journal of comparative physiology 167 (1990), S. 757-769 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1351
    Keywords: Ontogeny ; Auditory fovea ; Tonotopy ; Sexual dimorphism ; Rhinolophus rouxi
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary This report describes the ontogenesis of tonotopy in the inferior colliculus (IC) of the rufous horseshoe bat (Rhinolophus rouxi). Horseshoe bats are deaf at birth, but consistent tonotopy with a low-to-high frequency gradient from dorsolateral to ventromedial develops from the 2nd up to the 5th week. The representation of the auditory fovea is established in ventro-mediocaudal parts of the IC during the 3rd postnatal week (Fig. 3). Then, a narrow frequency band 5 kHz in width, comprising 16% of the bat's auditory range, captures 50–60 vol% of the IC (Fig. 3c). However, foveal tuning is 10–12 kHz (1/3 octave) lower than in adults; foveal tuning in females (65–68 kHz) is 2–3 kHz higher than in males (62–65 kHz). Thereafter, foveal tuning increases by 1–1.5 kHz per day up to the 5th postnatal week, when the adult hearing range is established (Figs. 4, 5). The increase of sensitivity and of tuning sharpness of single units also follows a low-to-high frequency gradient (Fig. 6). Throughout this development the foveal tuning matches the second harmonic of the echolocation pulses vocalised by these young bats. The results confirm the hypothesis of developmental shifts in the frequency-place code for the foveal high frequency representation in the IC.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00189766
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Ionische Kronenetherkomplexe von Zinn(II) und Zinn(IV): [Sn(15-Krone-5)] [SnCl6] und [SnCl3(18-Krone-6)]2[Sn2Cl10]; Synthesen, IR-Spektren und 119Sn-Mößbauer-Spektren (1992)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Zeitschrift für anorganische Chemie 615 (1992), S. 127-130 
    Details
    ISSN: 0044-2313
    Keywords: Ionic Crown Ether Complexes of Tin(II) and Tin(IV) ; synthesis ; IR spectra ; 119Sn-Mössbauer spectra ; Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: Ionic Crown Ether Complexes of Tin(II) and Tin(IV): [Sn(15-Crown-5)][SnCl6] and [SnCl3(18-Crown-6)]2[Sn2Cl10]; Syntheses, IR Spectra, and 119Sn-Mössbauer Spectra[Sn(15-crown-5)][SnCl6] (1,) has been prepared by the reaction of SnCl2, SnCl4, and 15-crown-5 in the molar ratio of 1 : 1 : 1 in acetonitrile solution, forming a white insoluble crystal powder. [SnCl3(18-crown-6)]2[Sn2Cl10] (2,) as well as [SnCl3(18-crown-6)][BiCl4] · CH3CN (3,) are prepared by the reaction of SnCl4 with 18-crown-6 (molar ratio 2 : 1), and of SnCl4, 18-crown-6, and BiCl3 (molar ratio 1 : 1 : 1), respectively. According to IR-spectroscopy and 119Sn-Mössbauer-spectroscopy 1-3, have ionic structures; the cation of 1, being polymeric via a sandwich-like structure.
    Notes: [Sn(15-Krone-5)] [SnCl6] (1,) entsteht als schwerlösliches weißes Kristallpulver aus SnCl2, SnCl4 und 15-Krone-5 im Molverhältnis 1 : 1 : 1 in Acetonitrillösung, während [SnCl3(18-Krone-6)]2[Sn2Cl10] (2,) aus SnCl4 und 18-Krone-6 im Molverhältnis 2 : 1 und [SnCl3(18-Krone-6)] [BiCl4] · CH3CN (3,) aus SnCl4, 18-Krone-6 und BiCl3 im Molverhältnis 1 : 1 : 1 gebildet werden. Aus den IR- und den 119Sn-Mößbauer-Spektren wird auf ionische Strukturen geschlossen; das Kation von 1, besitzt eine polymere Struktur, in der das Sn2+ -Ion über (15-Krone-5)-Moleküle sandwichartig gestapelt ist.
    Additional Material: 3 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/zaac.19926150926
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Synthese und dynamisches Verhalten von [Rh2(μ-H)3H2(PiPr3)4]+. Beiträge zur Reaktivität des Tetrahydridodirhodium-Komplexes [Rh2H4(PiPr3)4]Professor Wilhelm Preetz zum 60. Geburtstage gewidmet (1994)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Zeitschrift für anorganische Chemie 620 (1994), S. 1157-1162 
    Details
    ISSN: 0044-2313
    Keywords: Hydridorhodium complexes ; reactions with CO and methanol ; synthesis of a carbonyl(methyl)rhodium(I) complex ; protonation reactions ; intramolecular rearrangement ; nitrosylrhodium complexes ; Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: Synthesis and Dynamic Behaviour of [Rh2(μ-H)3H2(PiPr3)4]+. Contributions to the Reactivity of the Tetrahydridodirhodium Complex [Rh2H4(PiPr3)4]An improved synthesis of [Rh2H4(PiPr3)4] (2) from [Rh(η3-C3H5)(PiPr3)2] (1) or [Rh(η3-CH2C6H5)(PiPr3)2] (3) and H2 is described. Compound 2 reacts with CO or CH3OH to give trans-[RhH(CO)(PiPr3)2] (4) and with ethene/acetone to yield a mixture of 4 and trans-[RhCH3(CO)(PiPr3)2] (5). The carbonyl(methyl) complex 5 has also been prepared from trans-[RhCl(CO)(PiPr3)2] (6) and CH3MgI. Whereas the reaction of 2 with two parts of CF3CO2H leads to [RhH2(η2-O2CCF3) · (PiPr3)2] (8), treatment of 2 with one equivalent of CF3CO2H in presence of NH4PF6 gives the dinuclear compound [Rh2H5(PiPr3)4]PF6 (9a). The reactions of 2 with HBF4 and [NO]BF4 afford the complexes [Rh2H5(PiPr3)4]BF4 (9b) and trans-[RhF(NO)(PiPr3)2]BF4 (11), respectively. In solution, the cation [Rh2(μ-H)3H2(PiPr3)4]+ of the compounds 9a and 9b undergoes an intramolecular rearrangement in which the bridging hydrido and the phosphane ligands are involved.
    Notes: Es wird über eine verbesserte Synthese von [Rh2H4(PiPr3)4] (2) aus [Rh(η3-C3H5)(PiPr3)2] (1) oder [Rh(η3CH2C6H5)(PiPr3)2] (3) und H2 berichtet. Verbindung 2 reagiert mit CO oder CH3OH zu trans-[RhH(CO)(PiPr3)2] (4) und mit Ethen/Aceton zu einem Gemisch von 4 und trans-[RhCH3(CO) · (PiPr3)2] (5). Der Carbonyl(methyl)-Komplex 5 ist ebenfalls aus trans-[RhCl(CO)(PiPr3)2] (6) und CH3MgI erhältlich. Während die Reaktion von 2 mit zwei Teilen CF3CO2H zu [RhH2(η2O2CCF3)(PiPr3)2] (8) führt, entsteht aus 2 und einem Äquivalent CF3CO2H in Gegenwart von NH4PF6 die zweikernige Verbindung [Rh2H5(PiPr3)4]PF6 (9a). Die Umsetzungen von 2 mit HBF4 und [NO]BF4 liefern die Komplexsalze [Rh2H5(PiPr3)4]BF4 (9b) und trans-[RhF(NO)(PiPr3)2]BF4 (11). Das in den Verbindungen 9a und 9b vorliegende Kation [Rh2(μ-H)3H2(PiPr3)4]+ unterliegt in Lösung einer intramolekularen Umlagerung, in der die verbrückenden Hydridoliganden und die Phosphangruppen einbezogen sind.
    Additional Material: 1 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/zaac.19946200705
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