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  • 1
    ISSN: 1432-1416
    Keywords: Locomotion ; Pattern generator ; Dynamical systems ; Oscillators
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Mathematics
    Notes: Abstract We present a theoretical model which is used to explain the intersegmental coordination of the neural networks responsible for generating locomotion in the isolated spinal cord of lamprey. A simplified mathematical model of a limit cycle oscillator is presented which consists of only a single dependent variable, the phase θ(t). By coupling N such oscillators together we are able to generate stable phase locked motions which correspond to traveling waves in the spinal cord, thus simulating “fictive swimming”. We are also able to generate irregular “drifting” motions which are compared to the experimental data obtained from cords with selective surgical lesions.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    ISSN: 1432-2072
    Keywords: Peripheral benzodiazepine receptor ; Central benzodiazepine receptor ; Ligands ; Passive avoidance ; Shuttlebox escape ; Rat
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Previous research has demonstrated that low doses of anxiogenic central benzodiazepine receptor (CBR) ligands, the beta-carbolines, improve performance in various learning and memory tests in animals if administered prior to training. The present experiments compared the effect of a beta-carboline (FG 7142) with that of a pharmacologically distinct anxiogenic compound, a peripheral benzodiazepine receptor (PBR) ligand, 4′-chlorodiazepam (Ro5-4864), in two tests of learning and memory in rats. As expected, FG 7142 significantly improved performance in a passive avoidance test. Ro5-4864 was without effect. In a shuttlebox escape test, Ro5-4864 significantly impaired performance while FG 7142 had no effect. The effect of Ro5-4864 was antagonized by the specific peripheral benzodiazepine receptor antagonist, PK 11195. These results indicate that the differential impact of CBR and PBR anxiogenic ligands on performance in aversively-motivated learning tests may be a reflection of their distinct pharmacologies.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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