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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Electron spin resonance of radicals from amino acids in synthetic calcified tissues
    Amsterdam : Elsevier
    Applied Radiation and Isotopes 44 (1993), S. 299-303 
    Details
    ISSN: 0969-8043
    Keywords: amino acid ; apatite ; calcium carbonate ; electron spin resonance ; radicals
    Source: Elsevier Journal Backfiles on ScienceDirect 1907 - 2002
    Topics: Energy, Environment Protection, Nuclear Power Engineering
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/0969-8043(93)90235-3
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Hydration effects on CO"2^- radicals in calcium carbonates and hydroxyapatite
    Amsterdam : Elsevier
    Applied Radiation and Isotopes 44 (1993), S. 305-309 
    Details
    ISSN: 0969-8043
    Keywords: apatite ; aragonite ; calcite ; electron spin resonance ; near-infrared reflectance ; rotating CO"2 ions ; thermally stimulated gas release ; water molecules
    Source: Elsevier Journal Backfiles on ScienceDirect 1907 - 2002
    Topics: Energy, Environment Protection, Nuclear Power Engineering
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/0969-8043(93)90236-4
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Effects of trivalent metal impurities on radiation-induced radicals in calcite
    Amsterdam : Elsevier
    Applied Radiation and Isotopes 44 (1993), S. 311-314 
    Details
    ISSN: 0969-8043
    Keywords: Al^3^+ ; CO"2^- ; Fe^2^+ ; Fe^3^+ ; Sc^3^+ ; Y^3^+ ; calcite ; electron spin resonance ; radiation ; radical ; sulfite ; valence change
    Source: Elsevier Journal Backfiles on ScienceDirect 1907 - 2002
    Topics: Energy, Environment Protection, Nuclear Power Engineering
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/0969-8043(93)90237-5
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Radiation-induced radicals in sulfite-doped CaCO"3
    Amsterdam : Elsevier
    Applied Radiation and Isotopes 44 (1993), S. 315-319 
    Details
    ISSN: 0969-8043
    Keywords: acid rain ; aragonite ; calcite ; coral ; electron spin resonance ; mollusk shell ; radical ; sulfite
    Source: Elsevier Journal Backfiles on ScienceDirect 1907 - 2002
    Topics: Energy, Environment Protection, Nuclear Power Engineering
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/0969-8043(93)90238-6
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    A new trapped-hole center in irradiated LiNbO"3
    Amsterdam : Elsevier
    Journal of Physics and Chemistry of Solids 50 (1989), S. 1003-1007 
    Details
    ISSN: 0022-3697
    Keywords: Lithium niobate ; electron spin resonance ; point defects ; radiation effects
    Source: Elsevier Journal Backfiles on ScienceDirect 1907 - 2002
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/0022-3697(89)90500-3
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Polymerization of tetraoxane at low concentration catalyzed by BF3·O(C2H5)2 (1967)
    New York : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Polymer Science Part A-1: Polymer Chemistry 5 (1967), S. 2997-3007 
    Details
    ISSN: 0449-296X
    Keywords: Physics ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: In the solution polymerization of tetraoxane catalyzed by BF3·O(C2H5)2, trioxane and methanol-insoluble polymer were produced. However, the amounts of these products depend on the nature of solvent used. A critical concentration of tetraoxane is observed for the formation of methanol-insoluble polymer; at less than this critical concentration of tetraoxane no methanol-insoluble polymer is obtained, but trioxane is preferentially produced. This critical concentration of tetraoxane is higher in a more polar solvent, so the amount of methanol-insoluble polymer produced decreases and the amount of trioxane produced increases with increasing the polarity of solvent used. These results may be explained in terms of a stabilization of the active center leading to formation of trioxane by a solvation with solvent.
    Additional Material: 11 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/pol.1967.150051203
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Changes in concentration of tetraoxane produced during the solution polymerization of trioxane catalyzed by BF3·O(C2H5)2 (1967)
    New York : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Polymer Science Part A-1: Polymer Chemistry 5 (1967), S. 2977-2988 
    Details
    ISSN: 0449-296X
    Keywords: Physics ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: The behavior of tetraoxane produced during the polymerization of trioxane was investigated kinetically. In the polymerization of trioxane, a short induction period for the formation of methanol-insoluble polymer was observed and during the induction period a certain amount of tetraoxane, depending on the polymerization conditions, was produced. This amount was independent of the initial concentration of catalyst but increased with an increase in the polymerization temperature and in the initial concentration of trioxane. So this amount was found to be determined by the equilibrium between the formation and consumption of tetraoxane. On the other hand, in the early stage of polymerization of trioxane, the formation of an appreciable amount of soluble polymer was estimated. Consequently the formation of tetraoxane was explained in terms of the “back-biting” reaction of the soluble growing chain with depolymerization.
    Additional Material: 12 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/pol.1967.150051201
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Rates of polymer formation and monomer consumption in the solution polymerization of trioxane catalyzed by BF3 · O(C2H5)2 (1967)
    New York : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Polymer Science Part A-1: Polymer Chemistry 5 (1967), S. 95-106 
    Details
    ISSN: 0449-296X
    Keywords: Physics ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: In the solution polymerization of trioxane catalyzed by BF3 · O(C2H5)2 at 30°C. the amount of the methanol-insoluble polyoxymethylene is less than the amount of monomer consumed. This difference was much larger than the amount of formaldehyde determined in the polymerized system and could not also be explained in terms of the amount of the methanol-soluble oligomer. Tetraoxane was detected in large quantities by gas chromatography in the polymerized solution of trioxane. Therefore, the difference between the amounts of the methanol-insoluble polymer and the monomer consumed was ascribed partly to the formation of tetraoxane. In spite of the fact that tetraoxane was polymerized more easily than trioxane by BF3 · O(C2H5)2, an almost constant amount of tetraoxane was produced, independent of the kind of solvent and the polymer yield. This suggests the existence of an equilibrium concentration of tetraoxane. On the other hand, the formation of trioxane was observed in the solution polymerization of tetraoxane by BF3 · O(C2H5)2. This suggests that the formation of tetraoxane during the trioxane polymerization is due to a back-biting reaction in which the growing chain end of trioxane attacks the oxygen atom in its own chain with depolymerization of tetraoxane.
    Additional Material: 10 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/pol.1967.150050108
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Equilibrium concentration of trioxane in cationic polymerization (1970)
    New York : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Polymer Science Part A-1: Polymer Chemistry 8 (1970), S. 157-162 
    Details
    ISSN: 0449-296X
    Keywords: Physics ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: In the cationic polymerization of trioxane and tetraoxane near room temperature, the equilibrium trioxane concentration is not negligible during polymerization. In this work, tetraoxane was polymerized with BF3 • O(C2H5)2 in various solvents and the equilibrium concentration of trioxane produced during the polymerization of tetraoxane and equilibrated with the growing polyoxymethylene chain was determined. The equilibrium trioxane concentrations were 0.05, 0.13, and 0.19 mole/l. in benzene, ethylene dichloride, and nitrobenzene at 30°C, respectively, and 0.20 mole/l. in thhylene dichloride at 50°C. The values in ethylene dichloride showed that the approximate values of ΔHp and ΔSp0 were -4.2 kcal/mole and -9.7 cal/mole-deg., respectively.
    Additional Material: 2 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/pol.1970.150080114
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Copolymerization of tetraoxane with styrene catalyzed by BF3·O(C2H5)2 (1967)
    New York : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Polymer Science Part A-1: Polymer Chemistry 5 (1967), S. 1937-1949 
    Details
    ISSN: 0449-296X
    Keywords: Physics ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: The copolymerization of tetraoxane with styrene catalyzed by BF3·O(C2H5)2 was studied at 30°C. to determine whether a cyclic monomer can copolymerize with a vinyl monomer. The formation of the copolymer was confirmed by elementary analysis of both benzene-soluble and benzene-insoluble fractions of the polymer obtained. It was found by gas chromatography that a fairly large amount of 4-phenyl-1,3-dioxane and a small amount of trioxane were formed in the present system, in addition to polymers. Roughly a third of the total amount of the monomers reacted was consumed in the formation of methanol-insoluble polymer, a third for 4-phenyl-1,3-dioxane, and another third for trioxane and unknown products which could not be indentified. The formation of these cyclic compounds during the copolymerization may be explained in terms of a back-biting (or intramolecular transacetalization) reaction. The cationic reactivity of tetraoxane was found to be similar to that of styrene on the basis of both the consumption rate of each monomer in the copolymerizing system and the composition of the methanol-insoluble polymer obtained.
    Additional Material: 11 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/pol.1967.150050811
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