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  • Polymer and Materials Science  (14)
  • Brillouin and Rayleigh scattering  (2)
  • Cell culture  (2)
  • 1
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Springer
    Il nuovo cimento della Società Italiana di Fisica 16 (1994), S. 1627-1633 
    ISSN: 0392-6737
    Schlagwort(e): Brillouin and Rayleigh scattering ; Liquids ; Emulsions and suspensions ; Order-disorder and statistical mechanics of model systems ; Conference proceedings
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Physik
    Notizen: Summary We have performed extensive small-angle light scattering (SALS) measurements on a three-component microemulsion (AOT/decane/water) as a function of the dispersed phase concentration and the temperature. All samples have a water/AOT molar fractionw=40.8. Such a system presents a very complex phase diagram with many structural configurations. With the SALS technique, we have been able to observe all the phase separation lines. In particular we give details on the system structure on the percolation phenomenon and on the bicontinuous phase recently observed. In particular we show that the percolation is driven by a long-scale aggregation between microemulsion droplets.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
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  • 2
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Springer
    Il nuovo cimento della Società Italiana di Fisica 18 (1996), S. 1317-1332 
    ISSN: 0392-6737
    Schlagwort(e): Brillouin and Rayleigh scattering ; other light scattering ; Emulsions and suspensions ; Specific phase transitions
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Physik
    Notizen: Summary We have performed extensive studies of a three-component microemulsion system composed of AOT-water-decane (AOT=sodium-bis-ethylhexyl-sulfosuccinate is an ionic surfactant) using small-angle light scattering (SALS). The small-angle scattering intensities are measured in the angular interval 0.001–0.1 radians, corresponding to a Bragg wave number range of 0.14 μm−1〈Q〈〈1.4 μm−1. The measurements were made by changing temperature and volume fraction ϕ of the dispersed phase (water + AOT) in the range 0.05〈ϕ〈0.75. All samples have a fixed water-to-AOT molar ratio,w=[water]/[AOT]=40.8, in order to keep the same average droplet size in the stable one-phase region. With the SALS technique, we have been able to observe all the phase boundaries of a very complex phase diagram with a percolation line and many structural organizations within it. We observe at the percolation transition threshold, a scaling behavior of the intensity data. This behavior is a consequence of a clustering among microemulsion droplets near the percolation threshold. In addition, we describe in detail a structural transition from a droplet microemulsion to a bicontinuous one as suggested by a recent small-angle neutron scattering experiment. The loci of this transition are located several degrees above the percolation temperatures and are coincident with the maxima previously observed in shear viscosity. From the data analysis, we show that both the percolation phenomenon and this novel structural transition are derived from a large-scale aggregation between microemulsion droplets.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
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  • 3
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Springer
    Methods in cell science 21 (1999), S. 183-192 
    ISSN: 1573-0603
    Schlagwort(e): Cell culture ; Clam ; Mollusc ; Oyster
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Biologie
    Notizen: Abstract The present study attempts to establish cell culture systems for the oyster, Crassostrea gigas Röding and the hard clam, Meretrix lusoria Thunberg. Treatment with collagenase was better than trypsin at dissociating mollusc tissue fragments for in vitro culture. Heart tissue of oyster and hard clam proved to be the most promising target tissue for the establishment of cell lines in vitro. Primary cultures of clam heart were established and successfully maintained for more than 5 months. Collagenase at a concentration of 100 μg/ml may enhance the growth of oyster and hard clam heart cell cultures in vitro.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
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  • 4
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Springer
    Methods in cell science 21 (1999), S. 199-206 
    ISSN: 1573-0603
    Schlagwort(e): In vitro ; Cell culture ; Prawn tissues
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Biologie
    Notizen: Abstract Monolayer cultures were established from ovary, heart, lymphoid tissue and peripheral hemocytes of penaeid shrimps including Penaeus monodon, P. japonicus and P. penicillatus. The most favorable conditions for the culture of penaeid shrimp cells in vitro was in CMRL and L-15 tissue culture media when used within an osmolarity range of 620--760 mmol/kg. The optimal maintenance temperature was 25 °C for tissues of P. japonicus and 28 °C for tissues of P. monodon and P. penicillatus. Among the four tissues tested, lymphoid tissue, or 'Oka organ', was superior to the other tissues for the formation of confluent cell monolayers. Cell cultures from lymphoid tissue and ovary have been subcultured up to three times. When peripheral hemocytes and heart were cultured, a maximum survival of 4 days was obtained. In contrast, cell cultures derived from ovary and lymphoid tissue were maintained alive for at least 20 days in appropriate culture systems. Neither confluent cell sheet nor adherence of cells was obtained in cultivation of hepatopancreas using the present culture systems. The results obtained from the present study also revealed that ovary extract, muscle extract and lobster hemolymph enhanced the survival of the cultured cells of penaeid shrimp in vitro. When the 'Oka organ' cell monolayer was incubated with either white spot disease virus (WSDV) or yellow head virus (YHV), no cytopathic effect (CPE) was obtained. However, at 5--7 days after establishment, significant CPE (a few foci) was observed in cell monolayers derived from WSDV- and YHV-infected Oka tissue. By electron microscopy, virions of WSDV and YHV were observed in the nuclei and cytoplasm of cultured cells. The CPE foci developed further with increased incubation time.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
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  • 5
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    New York : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biopolymers 25 (1986), S. 1157-1175 
    ISSN: 0006-3525
    Schlagwort(e): Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Chemie und Pharmazie
    Notizen: Small-angle neutron scattering (SANS) was used to examine concentrated bovine serum albumin solutions of up to 20% protein w/v. At higher protein concentrations, scattering data show distinct features that can be ascribed to strong intermolecular interactions. Differential scattering cross-sections are fitted to a theoretical model of interparticle potential consisting of a hard core plus an exponentially decaying “tail.” For moderate ionic strength (0.03M K Acetate, pH 5.9), the intermolecular interaction agrees with the double-layer repulsive part of the well-known DLVO (Derjaguin, Landau, Verwey, Overbeek) theory for interacting colloidal particles. We thus demonstrate that it is possible to determine size parameters and the surface charge of protein molecules in dense solutions. At high salt concentrations (≥0.2M NaCl) data can be fitted by the same potential model, although interpretation in terms of DLVO theory is not possible. Even in this case, however, “effective” molecular size and potential parameters can be determined.
    Zusätzliches Material: 7 Ill.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
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  • 6
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    New York : Wiley-Blackwell
    Die Makromolekulare Chemie 178 (1977), S. 2495-2498 
    ISSN: 0025-116X
    Schlagwort(e): Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Chemie und Pharmazie , Physik
    Zusätzliches Material: 4 Ill.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    Bibliothek Standort Signatur Band/Heft/Jahr Verfügbarkeit
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  • 7
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    New York : Wiley-Blackwell
    Die Makromolekulare Chemie 179 (1978), S. 527-530 
    ISSN: 0025-116X
    Schlagwort(e): Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Chemie und Pharmazie , Physik
    Zusätzliches Material: 3 Ill.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    Bibliothek Standort Signatur Band/Heft/Jahr Verfügbarkeit
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  • 8
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    New York : Wiley-Blackwell
    Die Makromolekulare Chemie 178 (1977), S. 2127-2130 
    ISSN: 0025-116X
    Schlagwort(e): Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Chemie und Pharmazie , Physik
    Zusätzliches Material: 4 Ill.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    Bibliothek Standort Signatur Band/Heft/Jahr Verfügbarkeit
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  • 9
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Applied Polymer Science 21 (1977), S. 353-370 
    ISSN: 0021-8995
    Schlagwort(e): Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Chemie und Pharmazie , Maschinenbau , Physik
    Notizen: An experimental study was carried out to investigate the moldability of polymer blends which form two phases in the molten state and the effect of mixing on the morphology and mechanical porperties of molded specimens. Blends of polystyrene with polypropylene and blends of polystyrene with high-density polyethylene were used for this study. A plunger-type injection molding machine (Van Dorn) was employed for molding specimens. To improve the mixing performance of the plunger machine, a Static Mixer (Kenics Corp., Super Nozzle) was installed between the heating cylinder and the sprue. A number of different molding conditions (injection pressure, temperature, injection time, cooling time) were varied, and molded specimens were collected under each molding condition. The specimens were used for studying the degree of dispersion in the blends and for determining the mechanical properties. A differential thermal analysis (DTA) experiment was also carried out to determine the degree of dispersion of the blends in molded specimens. It was found that a linear correlation exists between the blend composition and thermal spectra area of the blends tested.
    Zusätzliches Material: 18 Ill.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
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  • 10
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    New York : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biopolymers 29 (1990), S. 335-346 
    ISSN: 0006-3525
    Schlagwort(e): Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Chemie und Pharmazie
    Notizen: Small-angle neutron scattering (SANS) was used to study the structure of protein/sodium dodecylsulfate complexes. Two water soluble proteins, bovine serum albumin (BSA) and ovalbumin (OVA), were used. The protein concentration was kept constant at 1 wt %, and protein/detergent wt ratio varied between 1/1, 1/1.5, 1/2 and 1/3. Absolute intensities of SANS distributions were analyzed by a fractal model. Analyses of large Q portions of SANS distributions established that sodium dodecylsulfate (SDS) molecules bound to a protein/SDS complex form micelle-like clusters. On the other hand, analyses of small Q portions of SANS distributions clearly showed that the arrangement of micelle-like clusters resembles a fractal packing of spheres. We showed that a protein/SDS complex can be characterized by four parameters extracted from the scattering experiment, namely, the average micelle size and its aggregation number, the fractal dimension characterizing the conformation of the micellar chains, the correlation length giving the extent of the unfolded polypeptide chains, and the numbers of micelle-like clusters in the complex.
    Zusätzliches Material: 8 Ill.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
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