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  • Polymer and Materials Science  (30)
  • PC12 cells  (1)
  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Inhibition of the neuronal nicotinic receptor-mediated current by kappa opioid receptor agonists in PC12 cells (1998)
    Springer
    Pflügers Archiv 436 (1998), S. 887-893 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2013
    Keywords: Key words Dynorphins ; Kappa opioid receptor ; Nicotinic receptors ; Opioids ; Patch clamp ; PC12 cells
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract  The authors studied effects of opioid receptor agonists on neuronal nicotinic-receptor-mediated current in PC12 cells using whole-cell current recording. At 1 µM, [d-Ala, N-Me, Phe, Gly-ol]- enkephalin (DAMGO), a selective µ receptor agonist, or 10 µM methionine-enkephalin, a µ and δ receptor agonist, did not inhibit the current elicited by 30 µM nicotine significantly. Dynorphin A (1–17) (0.1–1 µM), an endogenous κ receptor agonist, and U50488 (0.1–10 µM), a non-peptide selective κ receptor agonist, depressed the nicotine-induced current reversibly in a dose-dependent manner. They accelerated the current decay, resulting in greater effects on the non-desensitized current than the peak current. These effects were not affected by nor-binaltrophimine, a selective κ receptor antagonist, or by inclusion of guanosine 5′-O-(2-thiobiphosphate) (GDP[β-S]), a GTP binding protein blocker, into the pipette solution. These results demonstrate that two κ opioid receptor agonists, dynorphin A (1–17) and U50488, inhibit neuronal nicotinic-receptor-mediated current without the involvement of opioid receptors or GTP binding proteins. The acceleration of the current decay suggests a direct action on nicotinic receptors such as open channel block, or augmentation of desensitization. Modulation of neuronal nicotinic receptors by dynorphins may play a role in some areas where dynorphin release sites and neuronal nicotinic receptors are colocalized.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s004240050719
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Gas transport in poly[bis(trifluoroethoxy)phosphazene] (1989)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Applied Polymer Science 38 (1989), S. 809-820 
    Details
    ISSN: 0021-8995
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: The gas transport parameters of 14 gases in poly[bis(trifluoroethoxy)phosphazene] were determined at temperatures ranging from about 12 to 45°C by the time-lag method. The phosphazene polymer demonstrated a high diffusivity; rather high crystallinity was expected, though. The permeation data determined were between polydimethylsiloxane and low-density polyethylene. The most interesting characteristic shown over the course of experimentation is that poly[bis(trifluoroethoxy)phosphazene] has significantly high solubility for CO2, as compared to other gases. The polar side groups - i.e., the electron-withdrawing trifluoroethoxy parts - which should contribute specific interaction with CO2, were shown to be stronger than their interaction with the polar N2O molecule. The sorption behavior is compared with those of other rubbery polymers, while phosphazene polymer characteristics are also discussed.
    Additional Material: 7 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/app.1989.070380504
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Effect of water on permeation, diffusion, and solution of gases in cellophane (1977)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Applied Polymer Science 21 (1977), S. 1945-1954 
    Details
    ISSN: 0021-8995
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: The laminate method for studying the permeability and diffusivity of moistened cellophane to gases is described and the humidity dependence of the transport parameters for H2, He, and Ne is presented. In the relative humidity region of about 0% to 60%, a small increase in the permeability was observed, which is caused by a comparatively small increase in the diffusivity owing to the plasticizing effect of sorbed water and a decrease in the solubility. On the other hand, an extremely large increase in the permeability observed in the relative humidity region above 60% is mainly based on the diffusion coefficient of gas enhanced by the swelling effect of sorbed water. The presence of a minimum in the solubility-relative humidity curves has been confirmed and is discussed.
    Additional Material: 9 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/app.1977.070210720
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Specialty polymeric membranes. V. Selective permeation of carbon dioxide through synthetic polymeric membranes having 2-(N,N-dimethyl)aminoethoxycarbonyl moiety (1995)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Applied Polymer Science 58 (1995), S. 1771-1778 
    Details
    ISSN: 0021-8995
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: Permeation of CO2 was investigated by using synthetic polymeric membranes having a tertiary amine moiety, 2-(N,N-dimethyl)aminoethoxycarbonyl moiety. Permselectivity of the present membranes towards CO2 was achieved. Through poly{2-(N,N-dimethyl)aminoethyl methacrylate-co-acrylonitrile} (DMAEMA/AN-199) membrane, where DMAEMA mol fraction was 0.199, the separation factor towards CO2 for CO2/N2 separation ranged from 60 to 90, ranging in the CO2 partial pressure in the feed gas from 61 to 3.6 cmHg. © 1995 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
    Additional Material: 5 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/app.1995.070581015
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Gas transport in poly(vinyl cyclohexanecarboxylate) (1988)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Applied Polymer Science 35 (1988), S. 517-528 
    Details
    ISSN: 0021-8995
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: Low-pressure gas permeation measurements were performed on poly(vinyl cyclohexanecarboxylate) to evaluate its transport characteristics. The transport data of CO2, O2, N2, He, and Ar, were presented as a function of temperature ranging from 15 to 85°C. The apparent transport parameters were determined by the time lag method above and below the glass transition temperature and they were compared with other polymers of similar chemical structures. The side chain of the polymer has a bulky cyclohexyl group, which seemed to increase gas diffusivity. The activation energy for diffusion seemed to be related with the polarity of side chain. The relationships between gas diffusivity, physical properties, and chemical structure were qualitatively discussed in comparison with the data on poly(vinyl benzoate) and poly(vinyl acetate).
    Additional Material: 11 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/app.1988.070350217
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Low-pressure CO2 sorption in poly(vinyl benzoate) conditioned to high-pressure CO2 (1988)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Applied Polymer Science 35 (1988), S. 1715-1724 
    Details
    ISSN: 0021-8995
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: Sorption of CO2 in poly(vinyl benzoate) was gravimetrically measured at pressures up to 1 atm. Sorption isotherms were determined above and below the glass transition temperature Tg from 5 to 85°C. The isotherms were analyzed by the dual-mode sorption model assuming that the plasticizing effect of sorbed CO2 is negligible at this pressure range. The solubilities and Henry's law dissolution parameters were compared with those obtained by the high-pressure sorption and permeation measurements. Henry's law dissolution parameters were in good agreement with one another. However, the solubilities first determined here were smaller than those determined by the high-pressure sorption experiment at the same temperature. It was clear that the Langmuir capacity of the present specimen was smaller in spite of similar high-pressure CO2 exposure. Relaxation of the polymer was expected to be one of the reasons. This expectation was confirmed from the observation and analysis of sorption isotherms after two kinds of treatments. After annealing above Tg, the Langmuir capacity was shown to be decreased to 1/2 or even to 1/3 from the sorption isotherms below 45°C. This means that the conditioning to the high-pressure CO2 surely has a large effect on the nature of glassy polymer. Just after high-pressure CO2 exposure at 25°C, increased solubility was observed. Furthermore, the slow decrease of solubility, that is, the decrease of conditioning effect, was also followed from the continual measurements at 25°C. This result reflects not only the characteristic of sorption capacity after high-pressure CO2 exposure, but also the relaxation of polymer in glassy state.
    Additional Material: 6 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/app.1988.070350702
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Sorption and transport of CO2 in poly(ethylene terephthalate) crystallized by sorption of high-pressure CO2 (1989)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Applied Polymer Science 37 (1989), S. 1513-1525 
    Details
    ISSN: 0021-8995
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: Sorption and permeation of CO2 in poly(ethylene terephthalate) crystallized by sorption of high-pressure CO2 were examined below 1 atm at temperatures from 15 to 65°C. A large solubility and a high permeability of CO2 in this specimen were observed compared to poly(ethylene terephthalate) crystallized by thermal annealing to a similar degree. A large unrelaxed volume is expected to be left in the specimen after removal of high-pressure CO2 compared to the data of other PET samples. The thermal history during the measurements up to 65°C, which causes relaxation of the specimen, was shown to decrease CO2 solubility. On the other hand, permeation data after annealing show not only decreased permeability but also increased apparent diffusivity. The results mean a lower mobility of gases sorbed in the unrelaxed volume than that of ordinarily dissolved gases, which corresponds to the partial immobilization model.
    Additional Material: 10 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/app.1989.070370606
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Pressure dependence of gas permeability in a rubbery polymer (1996)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Applied Polymer Science 61 (1996), S. 945-950 
    Details
    ISSN: 0021-8995
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: The effect of pressure on gas permeability of a rubbery polymer, 1,2-polybutadiene, is investigated for 15 gases with various molecular sizes and solubilities in the ranges of pressure up to 110 atm at 25°C. The permeability for slightly soluble gases (He, Ne, H2, N2, O2, and Ar) decreases with increasing pressure, and that for soluble gases (CH4, Kr, CO2, N2O, C2H4, Xe, C2H6, C3H6, and C3H8) increases with increasing pressure. Logarithms of permeability coefficient versus feed-gas pressure for the slightly soluble gases, CH4 and Kr, is linear within each pressure range, whereas such plots become convex toward the pressure axis for more soluble gases, such as CO2, N2O, C2H4, Xe, C2H6, C3H6, and C3H8. By analyzing the pressure dependence of permeability using sorption data of the gases, contributions of concentration and hydrostatic pressure to the gas diffusivity are estimated. © 1996 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
    Additional Material: 6 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Gas transport in poly(vinyl benzoate) (1985)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Applied Polymer Science 30 (1985), S. 401-410 
    Details
    ISSN: 0021-8995
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: The transport parameters of nine gases (O2, N2, CO2, He, Ne, Ar, Kr, Xe) through poly(vinyl benzoate) (PVB) have been measured by the time lag method above and below the glass transition temperature, Tg The results are compared with the related data of poly(vinyl acetate) (PVAc) by Meares and discussed as the effect of replacement of the methyl group by a phenyl group in the side chain of PVAc. Small molecules, such as H2, He, and Ne, diffuse more easily through PVAc than PVB, but the tendency is reversed for the larger gases. The activation energy for diffusion is proportional to the squares of the Lennard-Jones diameters of the gases below the Tg. On the other hand, above the Tg, linear relation is obtained to the cubes of the diameters. Solubility behavior is discussed by comparing the heats of solution for PVB and PVAc.
    Additional Material: 9 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/app.1985.070300135
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Effect of water sorption hysteresis on gas transport in a regenerated cellulose (1979)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Applied Polymer Science 23 (1979), S. 627-629 
    Details
    ISSN: 0021-8995
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Additional Material: 3 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/app.1979.070230233
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