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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Disposition kinetics, urinary excretion and dosage regimen of kanamycin in buffalo calves following single intravenous administration (1993)
    Springer
    Veterinary research communications 17 (1993), S. 219-225 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-7446
    Keywords: buffalo ; disposition ; dose ; kanamycin ; pharmacokinetics ; serum ; urine
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract The disposition kinetics and appropriate dosage regimen for kanamycin were investigated in buffalo calves following a single intravenous dose of 10 mg/kg body weight. The distribution and elimination half-lives were 0.12±0.01 h and 1.94±0.11 h, respectively. The apparent volume of distribution and total body clearance were 0.2±0.01 L/kg and 92.9±3.69 ml/kg/h, respectively. About 74% of the administered dose was excreted in urine in 24 h. A suitable dosage regimen for the intravenous administration of kanamycin was also calculated.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01839170
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Synthesis and characterization of epoxy resins containing chromium acrylate (1994)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Angewandte Makromolekulare Chemie 219 (1994), S. 1-10 
    Details
    ISSN: 0003-3146
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Description / Table of Contents: Durch Umsetzung von Chromacrylat mit Bisphenol A und einem Überschuß Epichlorhydrin wurden neuartige Epoxid-Harze hergestellt. Epoxy-Äquivalentgewicht, Gehalt an Hydroxygruppen und hydrolysierbarem Chlor sowie die Viskosität wurden bestimmt, und die Harze wurden mittels IR- und 1H-NMR-Spektroskopie charakterisiert. Die thermischen Eigenschaften der bei 30°C für 24 h mit Ciba Geigy HY 850 (aliphatisches Amin) gehärteten Harze wurden gemessen. Die Harze besitzen eine gute thermische und chemische Stabilität und eine gute elektrische Leitfähigkeit. Die Reaktion verläuft nach erster Ordnung; die Aktivierungsenergie beträgt 47 kJ mol-1 bzw. 34 kJ mol-1 mit bzw. ohne Chromacrylat. Aus spektroskopischen Untersuchungen wird geschlossen, daß das Chrom mit Bisphenol A einen Komplex bildet, der die Epoxidierung beschleunigt.
    Notes: Novel epoxy resins containing chromium acrylate have been synthesized by reacting chromium acrylate with bisphenol-A and excess epichlorohydrin. The quantities such as epoxy equivalent weight, hydroxy content, hydrolyzable chlorine content and viscosity have been determined. The resins have been characterized by IR and 1H NMR spectroscopy. The cured resins were evaluated for thermal properties. The curing of resins was carried out with Ciba Geigy HY 850 (aliphatic amine adduct) at 30°C for 24 h. The cured resins have excellent thermal and chemical resistance, in addition to an excellent electrical conductivity. The reaction follows first order kinetics with an activation energy of 47 kJ mol-1 and 34 kJ mol-1 in the presence and absence of chromium acrylate, respectively. The chromium forms a complex with bisphenol-A, as indicated by spectroscopic studies, which increases epoxidation.
    Additional Material: 6 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/apmc.1994.052190101
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Studies on polymerization of vinyl acetate using ylide as an initiator and degradative transfer agent (1989)
    Bognor Regis [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Polymer Science Part A: Polymer Chemistry 27 (1989), S. 807-815 
    Details
    ISSN: 0887-624X
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Polymerization of vinyl acetate initiated by β-picolinium p-chlorophenacylide was carried out at 30, 35, and 40°C, using conventional dilatometric technique. The initiator and the monomer exponent values were 0.80 ± 0.15 and unity, respectively. The polymerization was inhibited in the presence of hydroquinone, but was favored by nonpolar solvent and polymerization temperature. The energy of activation was 90.3 KJ mol-1. An average value of kp2/kt for the present system was found to be 0.37 × 10-2. The results are explained in terms of a radical mode of polymerization with degradative initiator transfer; the principal mode of termination, however, was bimolecular.
    Additional Material: 4 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/pola.1989.080270306
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Poly(vinyl acetate) as a template for the radical polymerization of acrylonitrile (1989)
    Bognor Regis [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Polymer Science Part A: Polymer Chemistry 27 (1989), S. 1065-1070 
    Details
    ISSN: 0887-624X
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: The template polymerization of acrylonitrile (AN) along with atactic-poly(vinyl acetate) of Mv (47,090), at 60°C for 120 min in dimethyl formamide (DMF) has been studied dilatometrically to study the effects of template, monomer, and initiator (benzoyl peroxide) concentration upon kinetics. Viscometric measurements showed that complexation between at-PVAc and PAN was maximum when template/polymer ratio was 1:1 and time required for complete complexation was 15 min. The overall energy of activation was 57.76 and 77.01 kJ/mol in the presence and absence of, PVAc, respectively. The overall system follows mechanism I, i.e., the monomer molecules get adsorbed on the surface of the template macromolecules and then propagation proceeds.
    Additional Material: 4 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/pola.1989.080270328
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Radical polymerization of styrene initiated by styrene-arsenic sulfide complex (1989)
    Bognor Regis [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Polymer Science Part A: Polymer Chemistry 27 (1989), S. 3811-3816 
    Details
    ISSN: 0887-624X
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Styrene forms a complex with arsenic sulfide which in DMF at 85°C initiates radical polymerization yielding high molecular weight polymer. The order of reaction, with respect to initiator and monomer, is 0.5 ± 0.02 and unity, respectively. The energy of activation for the system computed as 96 kJ mol-1 and the polymerization is retarded by hydroquinone. A possible mechanism for reaction has also been proposed.
    Additional Material: 5 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/pola.1989.080271121
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Studies on polymerization of vinyl acetate using ylide as an initiator and degradative transfer agent (1989)
    Bognor Regis [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Polymer Science Part A: Polymer Chemistry 27 (1989), S. 43-51 
    Details
    ISSN: 0887-624X
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: The polymerization of vinyl acetate initiated by β-picolinium-p-chlorophenacylide was carried out at 30, 35, and 40°C, using the conventional dilatometric technique. The initiator and the monomer exponent values were 0.80 ± 0.15 and unity, respectively. The polymerization was inhibited in the presence of hydroquinone, but was favored by nonpolar solvent and polymerization temperature. The energy of activation was 90.3 kJ mol-1. An average value of kp2/kt for the present system was found to be 0.37 × 10-2 L mol-1 s-1. The results are explained in terms of radical mode of polymerization with degradative initiator transfer; the principal mode of termination, however, was biomolecular.
    Additional Material: 4 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/pola.1989.080270104
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Pharmacokinetics and dosage regimen of cephalexin in buffalo calves (Bubalus bubalis) following single intravenous and intramuscular administration (1990)
    Springer
    Veterinary research communications 14 (1990), S. 59-62 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-7446
    Keywords: buffalo ; cephalexin ; pharmacokinetics ; treatment
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00346385
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Studies on β-picolinium-p-chlorophenacylide initiated copolymerization of methyl methacrylate with styrene (1987)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Angewandte Makromolekulare Chemie 149 (1987), S. 139-150 
    Details
    ISSN: 0003-3146
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Description / Table of Contents: Die alternierende Copolymerisation von Methylmethacrylat mit Styrol unter Verwendung von β-Picolinum-P-chlorphenacylid als Radikalinitiator bei 55, 60 und 65°C und einer Reaktionszeit von 3 h wurde kinetisch untersucht. Die Copolymerisationsgeschwindigkeit (Rp) ist proportional der Quadratwurzel der Initiatorkonzentration und weist auf einen bimolekularen Abbruch hin. Der durchschnittliche Polymerisationsgrad nimmt mit zunehmender Initiatorkonzentration ab. Die ermittelten Werte für kp2/kt und für die Aktivierungsenergie betragen 1,43 · 10-3 l mol-1 s-1 bzw. 87 kJ mol-1. Die NMR Spektroskopie wurde zur Bestimmung der Struktur, Zusammensetzung und Stereochemie der Copolymeren verwendet.
    Notes: The alternating copolymerization of methyl methacrylate (MMA) with styrene (S) using β-picolinium-p-chlorophenacylide (β-PCPY) as radical initiator at 55, 60, and 65°C for 3 h has been kinetically investigated. The copolymerization rate (Rp) is proportional to the square root of [β-PCPY] and indicates bimolecular termination. The average degree of polymerization decreases as [β-PCPY] increases. The values of kp2/kt and energy of activation have been evaluated as 1.43 · 10-3 l mol-1 s-1 and 87 kJ mol-1, respectively. The NMR spectroscopy has been used to determine the structure, composition, and stereochemistry of copolymers.
    Additional Material: 6 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/apmc.1987.051490111
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Polyvinyl acetate as a template for the radical polymerization of methyl methacrylate (1989)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Angewandte Makromolekulare Chemie 170 (1989), S. 127-135 
    Details
    ISSN: 0003-3146
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Description / Table of Contents: Die Matrizenpolymerisation von Methylmethacrylat (MMA) in Gegenwart von ataktischem Polyvinylacetat (at-PVAC, M̄v = 55 800) bei 60°C in Dimethylformamid (DMF) wurde dilatometrisch gemessen, um die Einflüsse der Konzentration der Matrize, des Monomeren und des Initiators auf die Kinetik zu untersuchen. Die resultierenden Auftragungen der relativen Polymerisationsgeschwindigkeit (VR) gegen die at-PVAC- und MMA-Konzentration zeigen, daß die Polymerisation in diesem System aus einer Kombination von drei verschiedenen Reaktionsmechanismen besteht: die unbeeinflußte Reaktion und zwei Matrizenmechanismen (I und II). Die Reaktionsordnung bezüglich Matrize, Monomerem und Initiator beträgt 0,66, 0,75 und 0,40. Viskosimetrische Messungen zeigten, daß die Komplexierung zwischen at-PVAC und PMMA bei einem Matrize/Polymer-Verhältnis von 1 : 1 am größten war. Die Zeit für eine vollständige Komplexierung betrug 10 min. Die Gesamtaktivierungsenergie betrug 33,5 kJ mol-1 in Gegenwart und 25,0 kJ mol-1 in Abwesenheit von at-PVAC.
    Notes: The template polymerization of methyl methacrylate (MMA) along with atactic polyvinyl acetate (at-PVAC, M̄v = 55880) at 60°C for 120 min in dimethyl formamide (DMF) has been measured dilatometrically to study the effects of the concentrations of template, monomer, and initiator upon the kinetics. The resulting plots of relative polymerization rate (VR) vs. the at-PVAC- and MMA-concentration showed that in the present system the polymerization is a combination of three different reaction mechanisms, the blank reaction and two template mechanisms (I and II). The order of reaction with respect to template, monomer and initiator is 0.66, 0.75 and 0.40, respectively. Viscometric measurements showed that complexation between at-PVAC and PMMA was maximum when the template/polymer ratio was 1 : 1 and the time required for complete complexation was 10 min. The overall energy of activation was 33.5 and 25.0 kJ mol-1 in the presence and absence of at-PVAC, respectively.
    Additional Material: 7 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/apmc.1989.051700109
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Copolymerization of zinc acrylate with acrylonitrile initiated by As2S3-styrene complex (1994)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Polymer International 34 (1994), S. 105-109 
    Details
    ISSN: 0959-8103
    Keywords: Zinc acrylate ; acrylonitrile ; As2S3-styrene complex ; copolymerization ; dilatometry ; kinetics ; Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: Radical copolymerization of zinc acrylate (ZnA2) with acrylonitrile (AN), initiated by As2S3-styrene complex(I), in dimethyl Sulphoxide (DMSO) at 90 ± 0.1°C for 1.0h under inert atmosphere, yields non-alternating copolymers. The kinetic expression is Rp ∝ [I]0.33 [ZnA2]0.25 [AN]0.44, i.e. the system follows non-ideal kinetics, which is due to primary radical termination as well as degradative chain transfer reactions. The values for activation energy (E) and k2p/kt are 128kJ mol-1 and 8.57 × 10-7 litre mol-1 s-1, respectively. Thermal stability, solubility in different solvents, and IR and NMR spectra have been evaluated.
    Additional Material: 5 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/pi.1994.210340114
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