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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    High-speed video analysis of the flagellar beat and swimming patterns of algae: possible evolutionary trends in green algae (1991)
    Springer
    Protoplasma 164 (1991), S. 54-69 
    Details
    ISSN: 1615-6102
    Keywords: Green algae ; Flagellar beat ; Video analysis ; Evolution ; Swimming patterns ; Prasinophyceae
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Summary The flagellar beat and swimming patterns of flagellated cells of 22 green plants, including 17 green flagellates (volvocalean and prasinophyte algae), motile cells of three seaweeds,Bryopsis, Caulerpa, andUlva, sperms of a liverwort,Marchantia, and a fern,Athyrium, were examined using a high-speed video system. So-called breast-stroke is widely distributed in green plants, and occurs rarely in prasinophyte flagellates and ulvophycean algae; in these algal groups flagellar beat similar to that found in animal sperm is common, both during forward and backward swimming. Different types of swimming patterns were observed in prasinophytes. The results indicate evolutionary trends of flagellar beat and swimming patterns in green plants such as change from backward to forward swimming, from flagellar to ciliary beating and from uni-directional (parallel) to radial-directional (cruciate) beating. Such trends are shown in two prasinophyte groups, thePyramimonas-lineage andTetraselmis-lineage.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01320815
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Ultrastructure of the flagellar apparatus inPyramimonas octopus (Prasinophyceae) (1989)
    Springer
    Protoplasma 148 (1989), S. 41-56 
    Details
    ISSN: 1615-6102
    Keywords: Flagellar apparatus ; Connecting fibres ; Flagellar replication ; Numbering system of flagella ; Prasinophyceae ; Pyramimonas
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Summary The flagellar apparatus of the octoflagellate prasinophytePyramimonas octopus has been examined in detail. While basal bodies of biflagellate green algae typically are interconnected by a proximal and distal fibre, the eight flagella ofPyramimonas octopus are joined together by at least 60 fibrillar structures, in this respect the most complex algal cell examined so far. The flagellar apparatus is asymmetrical, but part of it shows 180 degress rotational symmetry. We have detected 9 thick connecting fibres, c. 45 thinner fibres, 6 proximal fibres, one of which associates with only one basal body, and a large synistosome. Four 3-stranded microtubular roots are present, one of which associates with a cross-banded fibre leading to the aperture of the scale reservoir. Six rhizoplasts have been seen, but 8 are probably present. The association of each root and connecting fibre to individual (numbered) triplets of the basal bodies is described. The basal body system has been followed during flagellar replication. Newly formed flagella occupy different positions in the cell during 3 cell generations, but finally in the fourth generation end in the same central position near the nucleus. Based on the observed changes in position during successive generations, a numbering system for flagella in general is proposed.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01403990
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
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