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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Effects of brofaremine (CGP 11 305A), a short-acting, reversible, and selective inhibitor of MAO-A on sleep, nocturnal penile tumescence and nocturnal hormonal secretion in three healthy volunteers (1987)
    Springer
    Psychopharmacology 92 (1987), S. 110-114 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2072
    Keywords: Brofaremine ; Sleep ; Nocturnal penile tumescence ; Cortisol ; Human growth hormone ; Prolactin ; Testosterone ; LH ; FSH
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract The effects of brofaremine (CGP 11 305A), a short-acting, reversible and selective inhibitor of MAO-A, on sleep, nocturnal penile tumescence (NPT) and hormonal secretion during the night were studied during a long-term trial. Three healthy males underwent sleep-EEG and NPT recordings during consecutive nights (1) under placebo, (2) under stepwise increasing dosages of brofaremine and (3) under placebo after withdrawal. Hormone profiles were sampled during selected nights to analyze the plasma concentration of cortisol, HGH, prolactin, testosterone, LH and FSH. REM sleep was suppressed markedly under 150 mg brofaremine, while stages 1 and 2 increased. In comparison to the effect of irreversible MAOIs the REM suppression was shorter and did not persist after withdrawal. A decrease of the plasma concentration of the drug coincided with a return of sleep variables to baseline values. A REM rebound occurred after withdrawal of brofaremine. REM sleep and NPT showed a dissociation; NPT variables did not follow the decrease of REM sleep. The effects of REM parameters are correlated with the dosage and the plasma concentration of the substance. Intraindividually, a decrease in secretion of HGH was observed throughout the trial. No marked changes were found in the other endocrinological variables.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00215489
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Bretazenil modulates sleep EEG and nocturnal hormone secretion in normal men (1995)
    Springer
    Psychopharmacology 122 (1995), S. 115-121 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2072
    Keywords: Bretazenil ; Sleep EEG ; Cortisol ; Growth hormone ; Prolactin ; GABA benzodiazepine receptor ; EEG power spectra
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Preclinical data suggest that the imidazo-diazepinone derivative bretazenil (Ro 16-6028) has anxiolytic and anticonvulsant properties with only weak sedative effects. We examined the influence of oral administration of 1 mg bretazenil on the sleep EEG and the concomitant nocturnal secretion of cortisol, growth hormone and prolactin in ten healthy young men. After bretazenil we found a significant increase in stage 2 sleep and a significant reduction in stage 3 sleep. REM latency was prolonged. Spectral analysis of sleep-EEG power revealed a decrease in delta and in theta power and an increase in sigma power. We found no significant influence on sleep onset latency or on intermittent wakefulness. Bretazenil prompted a significant decrease in cortisol secretion and a significant increase in prolactin release. It had no major influence on growth hormone secretion.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02246085
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Abhängigkeit von „Non- Benzodiazepinhypnotika”Zwei Fallberichte (1999)
    Springer
    Der Nervenarzt 70 (1999), S. 72-75 
    Details
    ISSN: 1433-0407
    Keywords: Schlüsselwörter Zopiclon ; Zolpidem ; Mißbrauch ; Abhängigkeit ; Absetzsymptomatik ; Key words Zopiclone ; Zolpidem ; Abuse ; Dependence ; Withdrawal
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Summary With the introduction of the non-benzodiazepine hypnotics zopiclone and zolpidem it was expected to have hypnotics without side effects and risks characteristically seen with benzodiazepines. We report two cases with high-dose usage and dependency of non-benzodiazepine hypnotics. Both patients were prescribed the drugs to treat sleep disturbances occuring during a depressive episode. While one patient had a polysubstance abuse there was no evidence for an abuse history in the other patient. To reduce withdrawal symptoms long-acting benzodiazepines were given to both patients. Thus, it seems that not only patients with a history of substance abuse but also patients with a psychiatric disorder are at risk for abuse of non-benzodiazepine hypnotics. Considering the increasing number of case reports with abuse and dependence of zopiclone and zolpidem it seems necessary to reevaluate the dependency risk of the currently available non-benzodiazepine hypnotics.
    Notes: Zusammenfassung Mit der Einführung der „Non-Benzodiazepinhypnotika” Zolpidem und Zopiclon war die Hoffnung verbunden, Hypnotika ohne benzodiazepintypische Nebenwirkungen und Gefahren zur Verfügung zu haben. Wir stellen 2 Kasuistiken mit hochdosierter Einnahme von und Abhängigkeitsentwicklung unter „Non-Benzodiazepinhypnotika” vor. Bei beiden Patienten begann die Substanzeinnahme aufgrund von Schlafstörungen i.R. eines depressiven Syndroms. Während bei dem einen Patient eine Polytoxikomanie bestand, fanden sich bei dem anderen keine Hinweise für einen Mißbrauch anderer psychoaktiver Substanzen oder einen Mißbrauch in der Vorgeschichte. Zur Abmilderung der Absetzsymtomatik erfolgte eine Umstellung auf langwirksame Benzodiazepine und eine stufenweise Reduktion derselben. Neben Patienten mit Mißbrauch oder Abhängigkeit in der Vorgeschichte scheinen auch Patienten mit depressiven Störungen gefährdet zu sein, Zopiclon oder Zolpidem mißbräuchlich einzunehmen. Das potentielle Abhängigkeitsrisiko der „Non-Benzodiazepinhypnotika” muß daher auch in der klinischen Praxis beachtet werden.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s001150050403
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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