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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Computing 42 (1989), S. 159-170 
    ISSN: 1436-5057
    Keywords: Primary 65C10 ; Random numbers ; normal distribution ; simulation
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Computer Science
    Description / Table of Contents: Zusammenfassung Die effizientesten Algorithmen für Stichproben von der Standardnormalverteilung benötigen lange Listen von Konstanten. Die Größe dieser Tafeln wächst mit der verwendeten Präzision. Durch eine Anpassung der “Aliasmethode” von A.J. Walker an die Normalverteilung wird eine Stichprobenprozedur entwicklet, die nur drei feste Tafeln von je 128 Bytes braucht. Die neue Methode ist ebenso schnell wie ihre Konkurrenten und leichter zu implementieren.
    Notes: Abstract The most efficint algorithms for sampling from the standard normal distribution require long lists of constants. The size of these tables grows with the employed precision. By adapting A.J. Walker's “alias method” to the normal distribution a sampling procedure is developed which needs only three fixed tables of 128 bytes each. The new method is as fast as its competitors and easier to implement.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Computing 12 (1974), S. 223-246 
    ISSN: 1436-5057
    Keywords: Random numbers ; pseudorandom ; normal distribution ; gamma distribution ; bei distribution ; Poisson distribution ; binomial distribution ; simulation ; numerical analysis
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Computer Science
    Description / Table of Contents: Zusammenfassung Zur Erzeugung nicht-gleichverteilter Zufallszahlen braucht man Methoden, die gleichverteilte Zufallszahlen in Größen der gegebenen Verteilung transformieren. Es werden Transformationen untersucht, die Gamma-, Beta-, Poisson- oder Binomial-verteilte Zufallszahlen produzieren. Approximative Verfahren werden nicht behandelt. Die bisher bekannten Algorithmen sind langsam, wenn die Parameter der Verteilungen groß sind. Daher werden neue Methoden eingeführt, die diesen Nachteil weitgehend vermeiden. In allen Verfahren dürfen die Parameter beliebig und jedesmal neu gewählt werden. Für manche Transformationen werden normalverteilte Zufallszahlen als Zwischenschritt benötigt; die hierfür verwendete Methode ist ebenfalls angegeben.
    Notes: Abstract Accurate computer methods are evaluated which transform uniformly distributed random numbers into quantities that follow gamma, beta, Poisson, binomial and negative-binomial distributions. All algorithms are designed for variable parameters. The known convenient methods are slow when the parameters are large. Therefore new procedures are introduced which can cope efficiently with parameters of all sizes. Some algorithms require sampling from the normal distribution as an intermediate step. In the reported computer experiments the normal deviates were obtained from a recent method which is also described.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Colloid & polymer science 268 (1990), S. 924-933 
    ISSN: 1435-1536
    Keywords: Emulsionpolymerization ; lightscattering ; particlesize ; polystyrenelatices ; surface-areadetermination
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Notes: Abstract The boundary region separating a latex particle from the surrounding medium has a great influence on the properties of latex dispersions. Four types of polystyrene and polystyrene/comonomer latices differing greatly in the structure of the boundary region were prepared. The first part of a series of papers reports on the preparation of the various latex dispersions. Mean particle sizes were obtained from simple turbidity measurements, quasi-elastic light scattering, and electron micrographs. The behavior of the particles in the centrifugal force field is a simple tool for detecting aggregation tendencies that are not directly related to salt stability. The BET-surface area agrees with the area calculated from the mean particle size when a sharp boundary and smooth surface is developed between the particle and the surrounding medium. In the case of particles with extended boundary regions (core/shell particles or particles with hairy envelopes), film formation reduces the specific surface area. Removal of soluble oligomers and polymers from the boundary region during subsequent treatments (purification and centrifugation before freeze-drying) can increase the surface area considerably.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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